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Lenape Potato
Lenape (B5141-6) is a potato cultivar first released in 1967 and named after the Lenape Native American tribe, which had to be pulled from the market in 1970 after findings of its high glycoalkaloid content. It was bred by Wilford Mills of Pennsylvania State University in collaboration with the Wise Potato Chip Company. The Lenape potato was produced by crossing Delta Gold with a wild Peruvian potato ('' Solanum chacoense'') known for its resistance to insects. It was selected for its high specific gravity (percentage dry matter) and low sugar content which made it ideal for producing potato chips but it was also immune to potato virus A and resistant to common strains of late blight. It is of medium-late maturity and produces round, white tubers with shallow eyes. Glycoalkaloid content After the Lenape variety was released for commercial production, a potato breeder in Ontario ate some to see if they might be suitable as new potatoes but soon felt nauseated. When the same occu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potato
The potato () is a starchy tuberous vegetable native to the Americas that is consumed as a staple food in many parts of the world. Potatoes are underground stem tubers of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'', a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Wild potato species can be found from the southern United States to southern Chile. Genetic studies show that the cultivated potato has a single origin, in the area of present-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia. Potatoes were domesticated there about 7,000–10,000 years ago from a species in the '' S. brevicaule'' complex. Many varieties of the potato are cultivated in the Andes region of South America, where the species is indigenous. The Spanish introduced potatoes to Europe in the second half of the 16th century from the Americas. They are a staple food in many parts of the world and an integral part of much of the world's food supply. Following millennia of selective breeding, there are now over 5 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potato Virus A
Potato virus A (PVA) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family ''Potyviridae''. See also * Viral diseases of potato The word ''Viral'' means "relating to viruses" (small infectious agents). It may also refer to: Viral behavior, or virality Memetic behavior likened that of a virus, for example: * Viral marketing, the use of existing social networks to spre ... External linksICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Potato virus A Viral plant pathogens and diseases Potyviruses {{Virus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trent (potato)
Trent may refer to: Places Australia * Trent, Western Australia, a locality of the Shire of Denmark Germany * Trent, Germany, a municipality on the island of Rügen Italy * Trento in northern Italy, site of the Council of Trent United Kingdom * Trent, Dorset, England, United Kingdom United States * Trent, Kentucky, United States * Trent, Oregon, United States * Trent, South Dakota, United States * Trent, Texas, United States Water courses * River Trent, a major waterway of the English Midlands * Trent River (Ontario) :* Trent–Severn Waterway People Ships and boats * , various Royal Navy ships * RMS ''Trent'', a British steamship involved in the Trent Affair during the US Civil War * , a steamship built in 1899 * ''Trent''-class lifeboat, used by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution in the UK Avionics * Rolls-Royce RB.50 Trent, Rolls-Royce first turboprop engine * Rolls-Royce RB.203 Trent, a turbofan engine * Rolls-Royce Trent, a turbofan engine family manufact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlantic Potato
The Atlantic potato is a mid-season potato variety for potato chip manufacturing. It was developed and released by USDA Agricultural Research Service scientists at Beltsville, Maryland, in 1978. The variety is not under plant variety protection. Webb, R.E.; Wilson, D.R.; Shumaker, J.R.; Graves, B.; Henninger, M.R.; Watts, J.; Frank, J.A.; Murphy, H.J. (1978) "Atlantic: a new potato variety with high solids, good processing quality, and resistance to pests." "American Potato Journal" 55: 141-145 It is a progeny of a cross between 'Wauseon' and 'Lenape'. It is widely grown for chipping directly off the field or with short-term storage. Marketable yields are fairly high. Botanical features * Plants are moderately large and have thick, upright stems with slightly swollen nodes. * Leaves are bright medium green and have prominent wings. The primary leaflets are large and asymmetrical with numerous secondary and tertiary leaflets. * Flowers are abundant and are white with a light viol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genetically Engineered Crops
Genetically modified crops (GM crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods. Plant genomes can be engineered by physical methods or by use of ''Agrobacterium'' for the delivery of sequences hosted in T-DNA binary vectors. In most cases, the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species. Examples in food crops include resistance to certain pests, diseases, environmental conditions, reduction of spoilage, resistance to chemical treatments (e.g. resistance to a herbicide), or improving the nutrient profile of the crop. Examples in non-food crops include production of pharmaceutical agents, biofuels, and other industrially useful goods, as well as for bioremediation. Farmers have widely adopted GM technology. Acreage increased from 1.7 million hectares in 1996 to 185.1 million hectares in 2016, some 12% of global cropland. As of 2016, major crop (soybean, maize, canola and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Breeding
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications. The most frequently addressed agricultural traits are those related to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, grain or biomass yield, end-use quality characteristics such as taste or the concentrations of specific biological molecules (proteins, sugars, lipids, vitamins, fibers) and ease of processing (harvesting, milling, baking, malting, blending, etc.). Plant breeding can be performed using many different techniques, ranging from the selection of the most desirable plants for propagation, to methods that make use of knowledge of genetics and chromosomes, to more complex molecular techniques. Genes in a plant are what determine what type of qualitative or quantitativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaconine
α-Chaconine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid that occurs in plants of the family Solanaceae. It is a natural toxicant produced in green potatoes and gives the potato a bitter taste. Tubers produce this glycoalkaloid in response to stress, providing the plant with insecticidal and fungicidal properties. It belongs to the chemical family of saponins. Since it causes physiological effects on individual organism, chaconine is considered to be a defensive allelochemical. Solanine, a related substance also found in potatoes, has similar properties. Symptoms and treatment Symptoms resemble those seen following solanine ingestion including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and headache. There is currently no antidote for detoxification but if it is just after consumption, taking laxatives or gastric lavage could be effective. The symptoms could last several days. Toxicity The presence of more than 20 mg/100 g tuber glycoalkaloids is toxic for humans. There have been instances of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanine
Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the Solanaceae, nightshade family within the genus ''Solanum'', such as the potato (''Solanum tuberosum''). It can occur naturally in any part of the plant, including the Leaf, leaves, fruit, and tubers. Solanine has Pesticide, pesticidal properties, and it is one of the plant's Plant defense against herbivory, natural defenses. Solanine was first isolated in 1820 from the Berry (botany), berries of the European black nightshade (''Solanum nigrum''), after which it was named. It belongs to the chemical family of saponins. Solanine poisoning Symptoms Solanine poisoning is primarily displayed by gastrointestinal and neurological disorders. Symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, burning of the throat, cardiac dysrhythmia, nightmares, headache, dizziness, itching, eczema, thyroid problems, and inflammation and pain in the joints. In more severe cases, hallucinations, loss of sensation, paralysis, fever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycoalkaloids
Glycoalkaloids are a family of chemical compounds derived from alkaloids to which sugar groups are appended. Several are potentially toxic, most notably the poisons commonly found in the plant species '' Solanum dulcamara'' (bittersweet nightshade) and other plants in the genus ''Solanum'', including potato. A prototypical glycoalkaloid is solanine (composed of the sugar solanose and the alkaloid solanidine), which is found in the potato. The alkaloidal portion of the glycoalkaloid is also generically referred to as an aglycone. The intact glycoalkaloid is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, therefore causing gastrointestinal irritation. The aglycone is absorbed and is believed to be responsible for observed nervous system signs. Taste Glycoalkaloids are typically bitter tasting, and produce a burning irritation in the back of the mouth and side of the tongue. The Aymara people of Bolivia use taste to detect the levels of glycoalkaloids in potatoes to determine th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Blight
''Phytophthora infestans'' is an oomycete or water mold, a fungus-like microorganism that causes the serious potato and tomato disease known as late blight or potato blight. Early blight, caused by '' Alternaria solani'', is also often called "potato blight". Late blight was a major culprit in the 1840s European, the 1845–1852 Irish, and the 1846 Highland potato famines. The organism can also infect some other members of the Solanaceae. The pathogen is favored by moist, cool environments: sporulation is optimal at in water-saturated or nearly saturated environments, and zoospore production is favored at temperatures below . Lesion growth rates are typically optimal at a slightly warmer temperature range of . Etymology The genus name ''Phytophthora'' comes from the Greek (), meaning 'plant' – plus the Greek (), meaning 'decay, ruin, perish'. The species name ''infestans'' is the present participle of the Latin verb , meaning 'attacking, destroying', from which the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potato Chip
Potato chips (North American English and Australian English; often just chip) or crisp (British English and Hiberno-English) are thin slices of potato (or a thin deposit of potato paste) that has been deep frying, deep fried, baking, baked, or air frying, air fried until crunchy. They are commonly served as a snack, side dish, or appetizer. The basic chips are cooked and Edible salt, salted; additional varieties are manufactured using various flavorings and ingredients including herbs, spices, cheeses, other natural flavors, artificial flavours, artificial flavors, and Food additive, additives. Potato chips form a large part of the snack food and convenience food market in Western countries. The global potato chip market generated total revenue of US$16.49 billion in 2005. This accounted for 35.5% of the total savory snacks market in that year (which was $46.1 billion overall). History The earliest known recipe for potato chips is in the English cook William Kitchiner's b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
