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Karabakh Movement
The Karabakh movement ( hy, Ղարաբաղյան շարժում, also the Artsakh movement Արցախյան շարժում) was a national mass movement in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh from 1988 to 1991 that advocated for the transfer of the mainly Armenian-populated Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of neighboring Azerbaijan to the jurisdiction of Armenia. Initially, the movement was entirely devoid of any anti-Soviet sentiment and did not call for independence of Armenia. The Karabakh Committee, a group of intellectuals, led the movement from 1988 to 1989. It transformed into the Pan-Armenian National Movement (HHSh) by 1989 and won majority in the 1990 parliamentary election. In 1991, both Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh declared independence from the Soviet Union. The intense fighting known as the first Nagorno-Karabakh War turned into a full-scale war by 1992. Timeline 1987 *September: the Union for National Self-Determination, the first non-Communist party, established in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict
The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is an ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited mostly by ethnic Armenians, and seven surrounding districts, inhabited mostly by Azerbaijanis until their expulsion during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Some of these territories are ''de facto'' controlled, and some are claimed by the breakaway Republic of Artsakh although they have been internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. The conflict has its origins in the early 20th century, but the present conflict began in 1988, when the Karabakh Armenians demanded transferring Karabakh from Soviet Azerbaijan to Soviet Armenia. The conflict escalated into a full-scale war in the early 1990s which later transformed into a low-intensity conflict until four-day escalation in April 2016 and then into another full-scale war in 2020. A ceasefire signed in 1994 in Bishkek was followed by two decades of relative stability ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Army
uk, Радянська армія , image = File:Communist star with golden border and red rims.svg , alt = , caption = Emblem of the Soviet Army , start_date = 25 February 1946 , country = (1946–1991)' (1991–1992) , branch = , type = Army , role = Land warfare , size = 3,668,075 active (1991) 4,129,506 reserve (1991) , command_structure = , garrison = , garrison_label = , nickname = "Red Army" , patron = , motto = ''За нашу Советскую Родину!(Za nashu Sovetskuyu Rodinu!)''"For our Soviet Motherland!" , colors = Red and yellow , colors_label = , march ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass Movement (politics)
A mass movement denotes a political party or movement which is supported by large segments of a population. Political movements that typically advocate the creation of a mass movement include the ideologies of communism, fascism, and liberalism. Both communists and fascists typically support the creation of mass movements as a means to overthrow a government and create their own government, the mass movement then being used afterwards to protect the government from being overthrown itself; whereas liberals seek mass participation in the system of representative democracy. The social scientific study of mass movements focuses on such elements as charisma, leadership, active minorities, cults and sects, followers, mass man and mass society, alienation, brainwashing and indoctrination, authoritarianism and totalitarianism. The field emerged from crowd or mass psychology (Le Bon, Tarde a.o.), which had gradually widened its scope from mobs to social movements and opinion currents, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Radio Of Armenia
Public Radio of Armenia ( hy, Հայաստանի Հանրային Ռադիո, Hayastani Hanrayin Radio; Djsy Armradio) is a public radio broadcaster in Armenia. It was established in 1926 and remains one of the largest broadcasters in the country, with three national channels. The agency also has the country's largest sound archives, four orchestras, and participates in cultural preservation programs. Early years On September 1, 1926, the first experimental radio programme (25 minutes duration) called “Voice of Yerevan” was transmitted in Armenia. The first test programmes were mainly folk music programmes regularly interrupted by local news, putting into operation the first radio station in Armenia. This created new wide-range perspectives for moving the amateur radio movement forward, and planned development of radio and wired broadcasting networks. The creation of radio station made it possible to use radio broadcasting as one of the most efficient mass media for informin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artsakh Movement 2013 Post Stamp
Artsakh may refer to: Places * Republic of Artsakh, a breakaway state in the South Caucasus which is ''de facto'' independent, ''de jure'' considered a part of Azerbaijan * Nagorno-Karabakh, region in the South Caucasus, also known as Artsakh * Artsakh (historic province), in the ancient Kingdom of Armenia * Kingdom of Artsakh, a medieval Armenian Kingdom Other uses * "Artsakh" (song), a 1999 instrumental folk song by Armenian composer Ara Gevorgyan * "Artsakh", a single by Armenian American composer and singer Serj Tankian Serj Tankian (born August 21, 1967) is an Armenian-American singer, musician, songwriter, political activist and entrepreneur. He is best known as the lead vocalist, primary lyricist, keyboardist, and occasional rhythm guitarist of heavy metal ... See also * * Arsak (other) {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Nonviolent Action Database
George Russell Lakey (born November 2, 1937) is an activist, sociologist, and writer who added academic underpinning to the concept of nonviolent revolution. He also refined the practice of experiential training for activists which he calls "Direct Education". A Quaker, he has co-founded and led numerous organizations and campaigns for justice and peace. Early life Lakey was born to Dora M. and Russell George Lakey (a slate miner) in Bangor, Pennsylvania. He was identified as a prospective child preacher for his church, and at age 12, he gave a sermon promoting racial equality as the will of God, although his sermon was not well-received at the time. He graduated from Cheyney University in southeastern Pennsylvania, and also studied at the University of Oslo, Norway, where he married Berit Mathiesen in 1960, and taught at an Oslo high school. He continued his sociology studies at the University of Pennsylvania. Activist career In the late 1950s, Lakey was active in the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as '' The Daily''. Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones, it was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company. The ''Times'' has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national " newspaper of record". For print it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the U.S. The paper is owned by the New York Times Company, which is publicly traded. It has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 1896, through a dual-class share structure after its shares became publicly traded. A. G. Sulzberger, the paper's publisher and the company's chairman, is the fifth generation of the family to head the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Daily News (Kentucky)
The ''Daily News'' is a daily-except-Saturday newspaper based in Bowling Green, Kentucky. It is published Sunday mornings and Monday through Friday evenings. History The current newspaper can trace its roots to the ''Bowling Green Democrat'' founded in 1854. A rival paper, ''The Daily Times'', was founded by John B. Gaines in 1882 and the newspapers eventually merged into the predecessor to the ''Park City Daily News''; now named the Daily News. The newspaper was still owned by members of the Gaines family until its sale in 2022. When the paper was called the ''Park City Daily News'', the name was chosen due to a nickname for Bowling Green taken from an 1892 speech by Henry Watterson. Watterson, there to commemorate Fountain Square Park as the city's first park, opined that Bowling Green might come to be known as the "beautiful park city." Local businesses widely adopted the nickname until the town of Glasgow Junction, about 20 miles north, changed its name to Park City, Kentuck ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet politician who served as the 8th and final leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to the country's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 and additionally as head of state beginning in 1988, as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990 and the only President of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism but moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s. Gorbachev was born in Privolnoye, Russian SFSR, to a poor peasant family of Russian and Ukrainian heritage. Growing up under the rule of Joseph Stalin, in his youth he operated combine harvesters on a collective farm before joining the Communist Party, which then governed the Soviet Union as a one-party state. Studying at Moscow State University, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igor Muradyan
Igor Muradyan ( hy, Իգոր Մուրադյան; 29 April 1957 – 17 June 2018) was an Armenians, Armenian political activist and political scientist. He was one of the earliest leaders of the Karabakh movement, along with Zori Balayan, Silva Kaputikyan and Viktor Hambardzumyan. Born in Odessa, Muradyan grew up in Baku, where many Armenians in Baku, Armenians lived during the Soviet period. He finished the Plekhanov Institute of National Economy in Moscow. According to Thomas de Waal, "Muradian was a Soviet insider. He worked as an economist in the state planning agency Gosplan in Yerevan and had good connections among Party cadres." Muradyan was later critical of the Nagorno-Karabakh authorities, calling the unrecognised Nagorno-Karabakh Republic "a failed experiment" and criticising its authorities for not being able to come up with a clear strategy for its existence and arguing for Nagorno-Karabakh's incorporation into Armenia. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babken Ararktsyan
Babken Ararktsyan ( hy, Բաբկեն Գուրգենի Արարքցյան, born September 16, 1944) is an Armenian politician. He was the former Chairman of the Supreme Council from 1991 to 1995 and Speaker of the National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the r ... from 1995 to 1998. References External links Biography {{DEFAULTSORT:Ararktsyan, Babken Moscow State University alumni Politicians from Yerevan Living people 1944 births Presidents of the National Assembly (Armenia) Members of the Karabakh Committee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movses Gorgisyan
Movses Gevorgi Gorgisyan ( hy, Մովսես Գևորգի Գորգիսյան; 3 December 1961 – 19 January 1990) was an Armenian politician and national hero, one of the leaders of the Nagorno-Karabakh movement. He was one of the founders of the Army of Independence. Widely known for his speeches on the independence of Armenia, he was also an active advocate of Artsakh's independence campaign. Biography Movses Gorgisyan was born on December 3, 1961 in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. In 1984, Gorgisyan graduated from the Armenian State Pedagogical University's Department of Culture, with the qualification of a stage director and producer. From 1986-1987, he worked at the Theatre of Goris. In 1987, he joined the national movement, becoming a member of the Union for National Self-Determination. Gorgisyan led the demonstrations for independence in Yerevan which led to him being jailed in 1988. He also was an editor of the Armenian edition of ''Glasnost'' magazine. Gorgisyan wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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