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King Xian Of Zhou
King Xian of Zhou (), personal name Ji Bian, was a king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty. Very little is known about him. He succeeded his brother King Lie in 368 BC and ruled until his death in 321 BC. He sent gifts to many of the feudal states, supposedly his vassals, particularly the Qin and Chu states. Late in his reign, the rulers of the states declared themselves kings, and ceased to recognise the king of Zhou as even nominally their overlord. After his death, he was succeeded by his son, King Shenjing.''Trình Doãn Thắng, Ngô Trâu Cương, Thái Thành (1998), Cố sự Quỳnh Lâm, NXB Thanh Hoá'' Family Sons * Prince Ding (; d. 315 BC), ruled as King Shenjing of Zhou King Shenjing of Zhou (), personal name Ji Ding, was the penultimate Chinese sovereign, king of China's Zhou dynasty. He was a son of his predecessor, King Xian of Zhou, King Xian, and thus nephew of King Lie of Zhou, King Lie; his paternal gra ... from 320–315 BC See also Family tree of an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Lie Of Zhou
King Lie of Zhou (), personal name Ji Xi, was a Chinese sovereign, king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty. He reigned from 375 BC to his death in 369 BC. His father was King An of Zhou, King An. During the reign of King Lie of Zhou, Duke Xian of Qin (424–362 BC), Duke Xian of Qin relocated the capital to Yueyang (Qin), Yueyang (in present-day Yanliang, Xi'an, Yanliang District of Xi'an), which marked the start of Qin's prosperity. In 371 BC, Duke Xian of Qin led troops to conquer six cities of the Han state. In 370 BC, King Wei of Qi visited the Zhou court, further solidifying his reputation. See also * Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Records Of The Grand Historian
The ''Shiji'', also known as ''Records of the Grand Historian'' or ''The Grand Scribe's Records'', is a Chinese historical text that is the first of the Twenty-Four Histories of imperial China. It was written during the late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC by the Han dynasty historian Sima Qian, building upon work begun by his father Sima Tan. The work covers a 2,500-year period from the age of the legendary Yellow Emperor to the reign of Emperor Wu of Han in the author's own time, and describes the world as it was known to the Chinese of the Western Han dynasty. The ''Shiji'' has been called a "foundational text in Chinese civilization". After Confucius and Qin Shi Huang, "Sima Qian was one of the creators of Imperial China, not least because by providing definitive biographies, he virtually created the two earlier figures." The ''Shiji'' set the model for all subsequent dynastic histories of China. In contrast to Western historiographical conventions, the ''Shiji'' does no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kings Of The Zhou Dynasty
Kings or King's may refer to: *Kings: The sovereign heads of states and/or nations. *One of several works known as the "Book of Kings": **The Books of Kings part of the Bible, divided into two parts **The '' Shahnameh'', an 11th-century epic Persian poem **The Morgan Bible, a French medieval picture Bible **The Pararaton, a 16th-century Javanese history of southeast Asia *The plural of any king Business * Kings Family Restaurants, a chain of restaurants in Pennsylvania and Ohio * Kings Food Markets, a chain supermarket in northern New Jersey * King's Favourites, a brand of cigarettes * King's Variety Store, a chain of stores in the USA * King's (defunct discount store), a defunct chain of discount stores in the USA Education * King's College (other), various colleges * King's School (other), various schools * The King's Academy (other), various academies Electoral districts * King's (New Brunswick federal electoral district) (1867–1903) * Kings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
321 BC Deaths
3 (three) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4, and is the smallest odd prime number and the only prime preceding a square number. It has religious and cultural significance in many societies. Evolution of the Arabic digit The use of three lines to denote the number 3 occurred in many writing systems, including some (like Roman and Chinese numerals) that are still in use. That was also the original representation of 3 in the Brahmic (Indian) numerical notation, its earliest forms aligned vertically. However, during the Gupta Empire the sign was modified by the addition of a curve on each line. The Nāgarī script rotated the lines clockwise, so they appeared horizontally, and ended each line with a short downward stroke on the right. In cursive script, the three strokes were eventually connected to form a glyph resembling a with an additional stroke at the bottom: ३. The Indian digits spread to the Caliphate in the 9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Monarchs
The Chinese sovereign, Chinese monarchs were the rulers of History of China, China during History of China#Ancient China, Ancient and History of China#Imperial China, Imperial periods. The earliest rulers in traditional Chinese historiography are of Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, mythological origin, and followed by the Xia dynasty of highly uncertain and contested historicity. During the subsequent Shang dynasty, Shang () and Zhou dynasty, Zhou (1046–256 BCE) dynasties, rulers were referred to as ''Wang'' , meaning king. China was Qin's wars of unification, fully united for the first time by Qin Shi Huang (259–210 BCE), who established the Qin dynasty, first Imperial dynasty, adopting the title ''Emperor of China, Huangdi'' (), meaning Emperor, which remained in use until the Imperial system's 1911 Revolution, fall in 1912. At no point during Ancient or Imperial China was there a formalized means to confer legitimate succession between rulers. From the Zhou dynasty onw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family Tree Of Ancient Chinese Emperors
This is a family tree of Chinese monarchs covering the period of the Five Emperors up through the end of the Spring and Autumn period. Five Emperors The legendary Five Emperors were traditionally regarded as the founders of the Chinese state. The '' Records of the Grand Historian'' states that Shaohao did not accede to the throne while Emperor Zhi’s ephemeral and uneventful rule disqualify him from the Five Emperors in all sources. Other sources name Yu the Great, the founder of the Xia dynasty, as the last of the Five. Pretenders are ''italicized''. Xia dynasty This is a family tree for the Xia dynasty which ruled circa 2000–1750 BC. The historicity of the dynasty has sometimes been questioned, but circumstantial archaeological evidence supports its existence. Shang dynasty This is a family tree for the Shang dynasty The Shang dynasty (), also known as the Yin dynasty (), was a Chinese royal dynasty that ruled in the Yellow River valley during the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chu (state)
Chu (, Old Chinese: ''*s-r̥aʔ'') was an Ancient Chinese states, ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty. Their first ruler was King Wu of Chu in the early 8th century BC. Chu was located in the south of the Zhou heartland and lasted during the Spring and Autumn period. At the end of the Warring States period it was annexed by the Qin (state), Qin in 223 BC during the Qin's wars of unification. Also known as Jing () and Jingchu (), Chu included most of the present-day provinces of Hubei and Hunan, along with parts of Chongqing, Guizhou, Henan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai. For more than 400 years, the Chu capital Danyang (Chu), Danyang was located at the junction of the Dan River (China), Dan and Xi Rivers near present-day Xichuan County, Henan, but later moved to Ying (Chu), Ying. The house of Chu originally bore the Chinese surname#Xing, ancestral temple surname Nai ( OC: /*rneːlʔ/) which was later written as Mi (surname), Mi ( OC: /*meʔ/). Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qin (state)
Qin (, , or ''Ch'in'') was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty. It is traditionally dated to 897 BC. The state of Qin originated from a reconquest of western lands that had previously been lost to the Xirong. Its location at the western edge of Chinese civilisation allowed for expansion and development that was not available to its rivals in the North China Plain. After extensive reform during the 4th century BC, Qin emerged as one of the dominant powers among the Seven Warring States. It Qin's wars of unification, unified the seven states of China under Qin Shi Huang in 221 BC. This unification established the Qin dynasty, which, despite its short duration, had a significant influence on later Chinese history. Accordingly, the state of Qin before the Qin dynasty was established is also referred to as the "predynastic Qin" or "proto-Qin". History Founding According to the 2nd-century BC ''Records of the Grand Historian'' by Sima Qian, the state of Qi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sima Qian
Sima Qian () was a Chinese historian during the early Han dynasty. He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for the ''Shiji'' (sometimes translated into English as ''Records of the Grand Historian''), a general history of China covering more than two thousand years from the rise of the legendary Yellow Emperor and formation of the first Chinese polity to the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, during which Sima wrote. As the first universal history of the world as it was known to the ancient Chinese, the ''Shiji'' served as a model for official histories for subsequent dynasties across the Sinosphere until the 20th century. Sima Qian's father, Sima Tan, first conceived of the ambitious project of writing a complete history of China, but had completed only some preparatory sketches at the time of his death. After inheriting his father's position as court historian in the imperial court, he was determined to fulfill his father's dying wish of composing and putting together th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Shaughnessy
Edward Louis Shaughnessy (born July 29, 1952) is an American sinologist, scholar, and educator, known for his studies of early Chinese history, particularly the Zhou dynasty, and his studies of the ''Classic of Changes'' (''I Ching'' 易經). Life and career Edward Shaughnessy was born on July 29, 1952. He attended the University of Notre Dame as an undergraduate student, graduating in 1974 with a B.A. in theology, after which he spent several years studying Chinese in Taiwan and Japanese in Kyoto, Japan. He then went to Stanford University for graduate study in Asian languages, earning his Ph.D. in 1983 with a dissertation entitled "The Composition of the ''Zhouyi''". After receiving his Ph.D., Shaughnessy joined the faculty of the Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations at the University of Chicago, where he is currently the Lorraine J. and Herrlee G. Creel Distinguished Service Professor of Early Chinese Studies. Shaughnessy's wife, Elena Valussi, is an It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Shenjing Of Zhou
King Shenjing of Zhou (), personal name Ji Ding, was the penultimate Chinese sovereign, king of China's Zhou dynasty. He was a son of his predecessor, King Xian of Zhou, King Xian, and thus nephew of King Lie of Zhou, King Lie; his paternal grandfather was King An of Zhou, King An. He reigned from 320 BC until his death in 315 BC. King Shenjing was succeeded by his son, King Nan of Zhou, King Nan, who went on to have a very long reign.Pines, ''Envisioning Eternal Empire'', 2009:238-9. Family Sons * Prince Yan (; d. 256 BC), ruled as King Nan of Zhou from 314–256 BC See also Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors References 315 BC deaths Kings of the Zhou dynasty 4th-century BC Chinese monarchs Year of birth unknown {{China-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Loewe
Michael Arthur Nathan Loewe (2 November 1922 – 1 January 2025) was a British historian, Sinologist, and writer who authored dozens of books, articles, and other publications in the fields of Classical Chinese as well as the history of ancient and early Imperial China. He was a professor of Chinese and a fellow at the University of Cambridge for nearly 60 years. Life and career Loewe was born on 2 November 1922 in Oxford, England, to a distinguished Anglo-Jewish family. His great-grandfather Louis Loewe (1809–1888) was a Prussian Silesian professor of Oriental studies and theology who served as the personal secretary of the British Jewish businessman, financier, and philanthropist Moses Montefiore. Loewe's father, Herbert Loewe, was a professor of Semitic languages who taught at both Cambridge University and Oxford University. Loewe's mother, Ethel Victoria Hyamson, was the sister of the British official and historian Albert Hyamson. His elder brother Raphael Loewe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
