|
Kanjogera
Kanjogera ( 1847–2 October 1933), officially known by her regnal names Nyiramibambwe IV and Nyirayuhi V, was the queen mother (''umugabekazi'') of the Kingdom of Rwanda from 1889 to 1931, becoming the regent and then co-ruler of the state during the reign of her son Yuhi V Musinga. A member of the powerful Bega clan, she became the consort of Rwandan King Kigeli IV Rwabugiri in 1861 and rose to his favorite wife, bearing him two sons. When Kigeli IV Rwabugiri appointed his son Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa as co-regent in 1889, Kanjogera was chosen as the new monarch's queen mother despite this being a breach of traditional customs. After Kigeli IV Rwabugiri's death in 1895, Kanjogera led a faction alongside her brother that plotted to overthrow Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa to place her own son on the throne. This conspiracy culminiated in the Rucunshu Coup of 1896, paving the way for Kanjogera to establish a new regime with her underage son as puppet ruler. The Bega-led government faced sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Shangi
The Battle of Shangi was a border conflict fought in July 1896 between the militaries of the Congo Free State and the Kingdom of Rwanda. An expedition of the Congo Free State, a colonial polity personally controlled by Leopold II of Belgium, had previously entered Rwandan territory and set up a fortified camp at Shangi, directly challenging the rule of Rwandan King Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa over his border territories. In response, the Rwandan court sent a large army led by Prince Nshozamihigo and two experienced commanders, Bisangwa and Muhigirwa, to evict the Congolese forces. Though the Rwandans repeatedly charged the Shangi camp, using spears and bows, they were defeated by the Belgian-Congolese troops who had access to modern guns and were entrenched. After the Congo Free State commander Constantin Sandrart personally shot Bisangwa, the Rwandan army retreated. Despite the Congo Free State's victory, the Shangi post was soon abandoned due to problems in the Congo Basin. Regardl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ndungutse's Rebellion
In 1912, a coalition of various opposition groups rebelled against the Kingdom of Rwanda and aligned German colonial empire, German colonial forces. The insurgents were headed by Ndungutse, an individual who claimed to be the rightful king of Rwanda, and consisted of peasants, separatists, adherents of a rival royal lineage, anti-colonial rebels, and bandits. Initially, Ndungutse's coalition garned much support across the kingdom and seized control of a substantial territory from January 1912, while the Germans were unsure about how to react to the uprising as it was mainly aimed at overthrowing their ally King Yuhi V Musinga of Rwanda instead of directly trargeting Europeans. As a result, the German commander Eberhard Gudowius initially prevented a counteroffensive by Yuhi's followers and instead enforced a ''de facto'' ceasefire. In April 1912, open hostilities resumed as the Germans finally opted to aid Yuhi V in eliminating the insurgents. The German-led campaign crushed the opp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kigeli IV Rwabugiri
Kigeli IV Rwabugiri (1840? – September 1895) was the king (''King of Rwanda, mwami'') of the Kingdom of Rwanda in the mid-nineteenth century. He was among the last Nyiginya kings in a ruling dynasty that had traced its lineage back to Gihanga, who is one of the first 'historical' kings of Rwanda whose exploits are celebrated in oral chronicles. He was a Tutsi with the birth name Sezisoni Rwabugiri. He was the first king in Rwanda's history to come into contact with Europeans. He established an army equipped with guns he obtained from Germany, Germans and prohibited most foreigners, especially Arabs, from entering his kingdom. Rwabugiri held authority from 1867 to 1895. He died in September 1895, during an expedition in modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, shortly after the arrival of the German explorer Gustav Adolf von Götzen, Count Gustav Adolf von Götzen. His adopted son, Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa, was proclaimed the next king. By the end of Rwabugiri's rule, R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisangwa
Bisangwa (died July 1896) was a Rwandan noble, chief, and a leading official of the Kingdom of Rwanda during the rule of Kings Kigeli IV Rwabugiri and Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa. He served as a royal advisor, head of the territory administered from Rubengera, military commander and head of the ''Ingangurarugo'' royal guard. Deemed a fair and effective notable, Bisangwa was highly regarded and eventually became one of the leaders of a royalist faction opposing the activities of Queen Mother Kanjogera. He was killed in combat during the Battle of Shangi, a border conflict between Rwanda and the Congo Free State. His demise contributed to the outbreak of a violent crisis and the eventual overthrow of Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa. Biography Early life and rise in prominence Bisangwa was the son of Rugombituli or Rugombituri, and a member of the Shambo aristocratic lineage. He had a brother named Sehene. Rugombituli had been a destitute who was "adopted" by the court of King Mutara II Rwoger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rwubusisi
Rwubusisi ( 1880–1955), baptismal name Joseph, was a Rwandan noble and chief belonging to the Tutsi Bega clan. He was an influential figure during the reign of Yuhi V Musinga, and defended the latter's regime during Ndungutse's rebellion. Alongside other relatives, he was one of the dominant politicians in the Kingdom of Rwanda, and able to retain his power throughout the periods of German and Belgian colonial occupation. In his later years, Rwubusisi was highly respected as a mediator between rival factions at the royal court. Biography Early career and Ndungutse's rebellion Rwubusisi was born to Cyigenza and Nyirinyanja in Rwahi, Bumbogo, around 1880. He belonged to the Bakagara lineage and the noble Bega clan, a Tutsi family which formed part of the elite of the Kingdom of Rwanda. He was a brother of Rwidegembya and Kampayana, as well as the nephew of Kabare and Queen Kanjogera. As a result, he benefitted when a group of Bega nobles led by Kanjogera, Kabare and Ruhinankik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuhi V Musinga
Yuhi Musinga (Yuhi V of Rwanda, 1883 – 13 January 1944) was a king (''List of kings of Rwanda, umwami'') of Kingdom of Rwanda, Rwanda who came to power in 1896 and collaborated with the German East Africa, German government to strengthen his own kingship. In 1931 he was deposed by the Ruanda-Urundi, Belgian administration because of his inability to work with subordinate chiefs and his refusal to be baptized a Catholic Church, Roman Catholic. His eldest son, Mutara III Rudahigwa, succeeded him. Biography Musinga acceded to power as a young teenager, in a palace coup which overturned the short reign of Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa, the original successor to the powerful king Kigeli IV Rwabugiri, Kigeri Rwabugiri (1840–95) of Rwanda. Over his reign Musinga struggled with three major issues. The first was the question of legitimacy. The overthrow of Rutarindwa was organized by members of the Bega clan, including Kanjogera, widow of Rwabugiri and Musinga’s mother. Such an accessio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Rwanda
The Kingdom of Rwanda (also known as the Nyiginya Kingdom or Nyginya Dynasty) was a Bantu kingdom in modern-day Rwanda, which grew to be ruled by a Tutsi monarchy. It was one of the most centralized kingdoms in Central and East Africa. It was later annexed under German and Belgian colonial rule while retaining some of its autonomy. The Tutsi monarchy was abolished in 1961 after ethnic violence erupted between the Hutu and the Tutsi during the Rwandan Revolution which started in 1959. After a 1961 referendum, Rwanda became a Hutu-dominated republic and received its independence from Belgium in 1962. After the revolution and abolition of the monarchy, the deposed Kigeli V eventually settled in the United States, and since then monarchists have maintained a court-in-exile outside of Rwanda. The current pretender to the Rwandan throne is Yuhi VI. History The later lands of Rwanda were originally inhabited by the Twa, who largely lived as hunters, gatherers, and potters. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa
Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa (?? – December 1896, Marangara province, Nyanza, German East Africa) was Mwami of Rwanda between September 1895 and December 1896, having been made co-ruler by his father Kigeli IV Rwabugiri in 1889. Rutarindwa is sometimes transcribed Rutalindwa. Rule His adopted father, Kigeli IV Rwabugiri, had proclaimed him co-ruler in 1889, effectively designating him his successor. On Rwabugiri's unexpected death in 1895 while on an expedition in modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo, he was proclaimed king. Rwandan Queen Mothers were politically powerful. Rutarindwa's mother had died and, consequently, Rwabugiri appointed another of his wives, Kanjogera, as his surrogate mother. With the death of Rwabugiri, she and her brothers Kabare and Ruhinankiko plotted to put her own young son Musinga, the future king Yuhi V Musinga Yuhi Musinga (Yuhi V of Rwanda, 1883 – 13 January 1944) was a king (''List of kings of Rwanda, umwami'') of Kingdom of Rwanda, Rwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jabana
Jabana is a suburb of Kigali, the capital of Rwanda Rwanda, officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by .... Kigali {{rwanda-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarchy Of Belgium
The monarchy of Belgium is the Constitutional monarchy, constitutional and Inheritance, hereditary institution of the monarchical head of state of the Kingdom of Belgium. As a popular monarchy, the Belgian monarch uses the title king/queen of the Belgians and serves as the country's head of state and commander-in-chief of the Belgian Armed Forces. There have been seven List of Belgian monarchs, Belgian monarchs since independence in 1830. The incumbent, Philippe of Belgium, Philippe, ascended the throne on 21 July 2013, following the abdication of his father Albert II of Belgium, Albert II. Origins When Belgium gained independence from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1830, the National Congress of Belgium, National Congress chose a constitutional monarchy as the form of government. The Congress voted on the question on 22 November 1830, supporting monarchy by 174 votes to 13. In February 1831, the Congress nominated Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, Louis, Duke of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indirect Rule
Indirect rule was a system of public administration, governance used by imperial powers to control parts of their empires. This was particularly used by colonial empires like the British Empire to control their possessions in Colonisation of Africa, Africa and Western imperialism in Asia, Asia, which was done through pre-existing indigenous power structures. Indirect rule was used by various colonial rulers such as: the French in French Algeria, Algeria and French protectorate of Tunisia, Tunisia, the Dutch in the Dutch East Indies, East Indies, the Portuguese in Portuguese Angola, Angola and Portuguese Mozambique, Mozambique and the Belgians in Ruanda-Urundi, Rwanda and Burundi. These dependencies were often called "protectorates" or "trucial states". Through this system, the day-to-day government and administration of both small and large areas were left in the hands of traditional rulers, who gained prestige and the stability and protection afforded by the Pax Britannica (in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The German Empire
The black-white-red flag (), also known as the flag of the German Empire, the Imperial Flag () or the Realm Flag (), is a combination between the flag of Province of Prussia, Prussia and the flag of the Hanseatic League. Starting as the national flag of the North German Confederation, it would go on to be commonly used officially and unofficially under the Nation state, nation-state of the German Reich, which existed from 1871 to 1945. After 1918, it was used as a political symbol by various organizations. History Unification of Germany The flag was first proposed and adopted under the leadership of Otto von Bismarck, where it would be used as the flag of the North German Confederation which was formed in 1867. During the Franco-Prussian War, the German Empire was Unification of Germany, founded (i.e., the South German states joined the Confederation). Germany would continue using it until the German Revolution of 1918–1919, which resulted in the Weimar Republic, founding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
