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Jeongjo Of Joseon
Jeongjo (; 28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800), personal name Yi San (), sometimes called Jeongjo the Great (), was the 22nd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of Crown Prince Sado and Lady Hyegyŏng, and succeeded his grandfather, King Yeongjo, in 1776. His father Crown Prince Sado was executed in 1762, leading to conflicts over Yi San’s legitimacy as heir. As king, he sought to clear his father’s name, balance political factions, and strengthen royal authority. He built the Hwaseong Fortress, reformed governance, and promoted talented scholars. Facing assassination attempts, he created the Changyongyeong royal guards. Jeongjo established the Kyujanggak royal library, expanded social mobility, and encouraged Neo-Confucian scholarship. His reign marked a cultural and political renaissance, but factional struggles persisted. Today, Jeongjo is remembered for his various efforts to reform and improve the nation. Biography Early life He was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1954 Busan Yongdusan Fire
The Busan Yongdusan fires, also known as the Yongdusan Park Great Fire (), was a series of two fires that happened on 10 and 26 December 1954, around Yongdusan Park, Busan, South Korea. The fires resulted in the destruction of hundreds of shack, shanty buildings, along with the evacuation of around 7,420 refugees in total. The 26 December fire, in particular, caused the loss of more than 3,400 historic relics, including historic portraits of kings of the Joseon dynasty (1392–1897). The relics, many of which were considered National Treasure (South Korea), National Treasures, had been brought to the area for safekeeping during the 1950–1953 Korean War and were kept in a local warehouse owned by the Busan National Music Center. Of the 48 royal portraits kept in the warehouse, 30 were completely destroyed in the fire. The others were recovered in varying conditions, with most being heavily damaged. Background During the Korean War, around 1 million refugees arrived in Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Hyosun
Queen Hyosun (; 8 January 1716 – 30 December 1751), of the Pungyang Jo clan, was the crown princess of Joseon. She was never known by the title queen during her lifetime. Both Hyosun and her husband were posthumously made the adoptive parents of the future King Jeongjo in 1764, in an attempt to distance the boy from the crimes of his birth father, Crown Prince Sado. She was posthumously called as Hyosun, the Bright Empress (). Biography Lady Jo was born into the Pungyang Jo clan during King Sukjong's 14th year of reign as the only daughter and second child of Jo Mun-myeong, a government official aligned with the Soron faction, and his second wife, Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan, the royal house of Joseon. Through her paternal grandmother, Lady Jo was a first cousin removed of Queen Ingyeong; the first wife of her father-in-law's father, King Sukjong. Through a selection process, the 11-year-old Lady Jo was chosen to become the crown princess in 1727 and married the 8-year-old ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Box (torture)
The box, also known as a hot box or sweatbox, is a method of solitary confinement used in humid and arid regions as a method of punishment. Anyone placed in one would experience extreme heat, dehydration, heat exhaustion, or even death, depending on when and how long one was kept in the box. Another variation of this punishment is known as sweating, the use of a heated room to punish or coerce a person into cooperating with the torturers. Use * Crown Prince Sado of Joseon was executed by being forced into a rice box in July 1762. * The technique was used by prisons in the Southern United States until late in the 19th century and as punishment during times of slavery. * The technique, then known as the "sweat box", was used in the Union Army during the American Civil War. * The Tarrafal camp, in Cape Verde, used a small windowless shack as a form of torture against prisoners, most of them convicted of conspiring against Salazar's regime in Portugal. * The North Vietnamese Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Prince Uiso
Crown Prince Uiso (; 27 September 1750 – 17 April 1752) or Crown Prince Successor Uiso (), personal name Yi Jeong () was a Joseon Crown Prince as the son of Crown Prince Sado and Lady Hyegyŏng, Crown Princess Consort Hyegyeong and was third in line of succession to the throne to Yeongjo of Joseon, King Yeongjo. He was the older brother of Jeongjo of Joseon, King Jeongjo. His Chinese name was Changheung (). Biography His mother, Lady Hyegyŏng, Crown Princess Consort Hye, of the Pungsan Hong clan was the great-great-great-granddaughter from Princess Jeongmyeong, the only daughter of Queen Inmok and Seonjo of Joseon, King Seonjo. Due to intermarriage into the royal family, Princess Jeongmyeong was also his 5th great-grandaunt, and 4th great-grandmother. His maternal grandfather was Hong Bong-han, whose younger brother was Hong In-han, a minister and later Prime Minister of that time. He was the first grandson of the 21st Yeongjo of Joseon, King Yeongjo of Joseon and his father, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memoirs Of Lady Hyegyŏng
''The Memoirs of Lady Hyegyŏng'' () is an autobiographical manuscript written by Lady Hyegyŏng of Joseon (6 August 1735 – 13 January 1816) that details her life during the years she was confined to Changgyeong Palace. ''The Memoirs of Lady Hyegyong'', or its direct translation ''Records Written in Silence'' (Korean: ''Hanjungnok''), is a collection of four autobiographical pieces written within the ten-year period 1795 to 1805, which depict her life before and after being chosen to marry Crown Prince Sado. The Memoirs portray Crown Prince Sado's descent into violent madness until his execution by order of his father, King Yeongjo. Although Lady Hyegyong's descriptions of her husband's madness and execution are the best known parts of her work, each of the four pieces concentrates on a different aspect of her life and has a different political purpose. Her narratives are a primary historical source of the period. They are also part of a wider body of Joseon female-authore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyujanggak
Kyujanggak () was the royal library of the Joseon dynasty. It was founded in 1776 by order of King Jeongjo of Joseon (as a major policy arm of his government), at which time it was located on the grounds of Changdeokgung. Today known as Kyujanggak Royal Library, the Kyujanggak Archives are maintained by Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies at the Seoul National University, located in Sillim-dong, Gwanak District, Seoul. The archive functions as a key repository of Korean historical records and a centre for research and publication of an annual journal titled ''Kyujanggak''. History It is named after imperial calligraphic works stored there, the ''kyujang'' (奎章), which literally means "writings of Kyu", a scholar-deity, but has come to refer to divinely inspired writings, in particularly, the emperor's. In 1782, the Outer Kyujanggak library (known as Oegyujanggak) was built in the ancient royal palace on Ganghwado to accommodate an overflow of books from the main Kyujan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hwaseong Fortress
Hwaseong Fortress or Suwon Hwaseong () is a Korean fortress surrounding the centre of Suwon, the provincial capital of Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It was built from 1794 to 1796 by King Jeongjo of the Joseon dynasty to house and honour the remains of his father, Prince Sado. Sado had been executed by being locked alive inside a rice chest by his own father King Yeongjo after failing to obey a command to commit suicide. Located south of Seoul and enclosing much of central Suwon, the fortress includes King Jeongjo's palace Haenggung. The fortress and enclosed palace were designated as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1997. It comprises among many other features the palace, a perimeter wall, four main gates, and two sluicegates over the Suwoncheon, Suwon's main stream, which flows through the centre of the fortress. Background King Jeongjo apparently built Hwaseong Fortress to prepare for a move of the capital from Seoul to Suwon. Suwon was purported to be strategicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korea
Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 38th parallel between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK). Both countries proclaimed independence in 1948, and the two countries fought the Korean War from 1950 to 1953. The region is bordered by China to the north and Russia to the northeast, across the Yalu River, Amnok (Yalu) and Tumen River, Duman (Tumen) rivers, and is separated from Japan to the southeast by the Korea Strait. Known human habitation of the Korean peninsula dates to 40,000 BC. The kingdom of Gojoseon, which according to tradition was founded in 2333 BC, fell to the Han dynasty in 108 BC. It was followed by the Three Kingdoms of Korea, Three Kingdoms period, in which Korea was divided into Goguryeo, Baekje, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hwaseong2
Hwaseong or Hwasong can refer to: *Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, a city in the South Korean province of Gyeonggi ** Hwaseong Stadium, a group of sports facilities *Hwaseong Fortress, a UNESCO heritage site in Suwon City, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea * Hwasŏng (North Korea), a county in North Hamgyong province, North Korea, now known as Myonggan County *Hwasong concentration camp, a political prison camp in North Hamgyong province, North Korea * Hwasong rocket family of North Korea ** Hwasong-1 (R-17 Elbrus) ** Hwasong-3 (9K52 ''Luna-M'' / 2K6 ''Luna'') ** Hwasong-5, North Korean version of the Scud ballistic missile ** Hwasong-6, also a North Korean version of the Scud ballistic missile ** Hwasong-7 (Rodong-1), another North Korean version of the Scud ballistic missile ** Hwasong-8, a ballistic missile **Hwasong-9 (Rodong-1M) ** Hwasong-10 ** Hwasong-11 (KN-02 Toksa) **Hwasong-12 ** Hwasong-13 (KN-08) **Hwasong-14, July 2017 version of the North Korean ICBM **Hwasong-15 **Hwasong-17 The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neo-Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism (, often shortened to ''lǐxué'' 理學, literally "School of Principle") is a moral, ethical, and metaphysical Chinese philosophy influenced by Confucianism, which originated with Han Yu (768–824) and Li Ao (772–841) in the Tang dynasty, and became prominent during the Song and Ming dynasties under the formulations of Zhu Xi (1130–1200). After the Mongol conquest of China in the thirteenth century, Chinese scholars and officials restored and preserved neo-Confucianism as a way to safeguard the cultural heritage of China. Neo-Confucianism could have been an attempt to create a more rationalist and secular form of Confucianism by rejecting mystical elements of Taoism and Buddhism that had influenced Confucianism during and after the Han dynasty. Although the neo-Confucianists were critical of Taoism and Buddhism, the two did have an influence on the philosophy, and the neo-Confucianists borrowed terms and concepts. However, unlike the Buddhists and Tao ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korean Confucianism
Korean Confucianism, or Korean Ruism, is the form of Confucianism that emerged and developed in Korea. One of the most substantial influences in Korean intellectual history was the introduction of Confucian thought as part of the cultural influence from China. Today the legacy of Confucianism remains a fundamental part of Korean society, shaping the moral system, the way of life, social relations between old and young, high culture, and is the basis for much of the legal system. Confucianism in Korea is sometimes considered a pragmatic way of holding a nation together without the civil wars and internal dissent that were inherited from the Goryeo dynasty. Origins of Confucian thought Confucius ( , ) is generally thought to have been born in 551 BC and raised by his mother following the death of his father when Confucius was three years old. The Latinized name "Confucius" by which most Westerners recognize him is derived from "", probably first coined by 16th-century Jesuit missi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
조선 정조의 수결
Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Amnok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens. During its 500-year duration, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Confucian ideals and doctrines in Korean society. Neo-Confucianism was installed as the new state's ideology. Buddhism was accordingly discouraged, and occasionally Buddhists faced persecution. Joseon consolidated its effective rule over the Korean peninsula and saw the height of classical Korean culture, trade, literature, and science and technolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
