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International Competition Network
What is The International Competition Network (ICN) provides competition authorities with a specialized yet informal venue for maintaining regular contacts and addressing practical competition concerns. It seeks to facilitate cooperation between competition law authorities globally. It was established in 2001 after the publication of a Final Report of the International Competition Policy Advisory Committee to the US Attorney General and Assistant Attorney General for Antitrust (or the ''ICPAC report'', for short). Competition law experts in the US recommended that increased collaboration with overseas authorities could contribute to the coordination of enforcement and sharing of information on competition policy globally. It comprised 132 member states from 120 competition jurisdictions exclusively devoted to international competition enforcement. Its mission is to advance procedural and substantive convergence and facilitate cooperation. The ICN member agencies produce work pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Competition Law
Competition law is the field of law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies. Competition law is implemented through public and private enforcement. It is also known as antitrust law (or just antitrust), anti-monopoly law, and trade practices law; the act of pushing for antitrust measures or attacking monopolistic companies (known as trusts) is commonly known as trust busting. The history of competition law reaches back to the Roman Empire. The business practices of market traders, guilds and governments have always been subject to scrutiny, and sometimes severe sanctions. Since the 20th century, competition law has become global. The two largest and most influential systems of competition regulation are United States antitrust law and European Union competition law. National and regional competition authorities across the world have formed international support and enforcement networks. Modern competition law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Attorney General
The United States attorney general is the head of the United States Department of Justice and serves as the chief law enforcement officer of the Federal government of the United States, federal government. The attorney general acts as the principal legal advisor to the president of the United States on all legal matters. The attorney general is also a statutory member of the Cabinet of the United States and a member of the United States National Security Council. Additionally, the attorney general is seventh in the United States presidential line of succession, presidential line of succession. Under the Appointments Clause of the Constitution of the United States, United States Constitution, the officeholder is nominated by the president of the United States, and, following a confirmation hearing before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Senate Judiciary Committee, will take office if confirmed by the majority of the full United States Senate. The attorney gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antitrust Cases Against Google By The European Union
Since 2010, the European Union has investigated several antitrust complaints against Google alleging abuses of its dominant position in breach of the EU's competition laws. Three complaints have resulted in formal charges against Google: those relating to Google Shopping, the Android operating system and to Google AdSense. Google has been found guilty of antitrust breaches in the three cases and has been fined over . In 2020, the European Union has also launched a full investigation of Google's proposed acquisition of the fitness tracker and wearable health company Fitbit, under the EU Merger Regulation. The operation was eventually cleared on 17 December 2020 subject to conditions. Google Shopping investigation Prior complaints On 3 November 2009, at the suggestion of a Microsoft-backed PR firm, Infederation Ltd. (Foundem) filed a complaint with the European Commission accusing Google of breaching EU competition law and was soon joined by others, including on 31 March 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Competition Law
Competition law is the field of law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies. Competition law is implemented through public and private enforcement. It is also known as antitrust law (or just antitrust), anti-monopoly law, and trade practices law; the act of pushing for antitrust measures or attacking monopolistic companies (known as trusts) is commonly known as trust busting. The history of competition law reaches back to the Roman Empire. The business practices of market traders, guilds and governments have always been subject to scrutiny, and sometimes severe sanctions. Since the 20th century, competition law has become global. The two largest and most influential systems of competition regulation are United States antitrust law and European Union competition law. National and regional competition authorities across the world have formed international support and enforcement networks. Modern competition law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economic Globalization
Economic globalization is one of the three main dimensions of globalization commonly found in academic literature, with the two others being political globalization and cultural globalization, as well as the general term of globalization. Economic globalization refers to the widespread international movement of goods, capital, services, technology and information. It is the increasing economic integration and interdependence of national, regional, and local economies across the world through an intensification of cross-border movement of goods, services, technologies and capital. Economic globalization primarily comprises the globalization of production, finance, markets, technology, organizational regimes, institutions, corporations, and people.James et al., vols. 1–4 (2007) While economic globalization has been expanding since the emergence of trans-national trade, it has grown at an increased rate due to improvements in the efficiency of long-distance transportation, adva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Competition Network
What is The International Competition Network (ICN) provides competition authorities with a specialized yet informal venue for maintaining regular contacts and addressing practical competition concerns. It seeks to facilitate cooperation between competition law authorities globally. It was established in 2001 after the publication of a Final Report of the International Competition Policy Advisory Committee to the US Attorney General and Assistant Attorney General for Antitrust (or the ''ICPAC report'', for short). Competition law experts in the US recommended that increased collaboration with overseas authorities could contribute to the coordination of enforcement and sharing of information on competition policy globally. It comprised 132 member states from 120 competition jurisdictions exclusively devoted to international competition enforcement. Its mission is to advance procedural and substantive convergence and facilitate cooperation. The ICN member agencies produce work pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lina Khan
Lina Maliha Khan (born March 3, 1989) is an American legal scholar who served from 2021 to 2025 as chair of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). She is also a professor at Columbia Law School. While a student at Yale Law School, she became known for her work in antitrust and competition law in the United States after publishing the influential essay "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox". President Joe Biden nominated Khan to the FTC in March 2021, and after her confirmation she became the youngest FTC chair ever in June 2021. Early life and education Khan was born on March 3, 1989, in London, to a British family of Pakistani origin. Khan grew up in Golders Green in the London Borough of Barnet. Her parents, a management consultant and an employee of Thomson Reuters, moved to the United States when she was 11 years old. The family settled in Mamaroneck, New York, where she and her two siblings attended public school. At Mamaroneck High School, Khan was involved in the student newspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Trade Commission
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an independent agency of the United States government whose principal mission is the enforcement of civil (non-criminal) United States antitrust law, antitrust law and the promotion of consumer protection. It shares jurisdiction over federal civil antitrust law enforcement with the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division, Department of Justice Antitrust Division. The agency is headquartered in the Federal Trade Commission Building in Washington, DC. The FTC was established in 1914 by the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, Federal Trade Commission Act, which was passed in response to the 19th-century monopolistic trust crisis. Since its inception, the FTC has enforced the provisions of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, Clayton Act, a key U.S. antitrust statute, as well as the provisions of the FTC Act, et seq. Over time, the FTC has been delegated with the enforcement of additional business regulation statutes and has promul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autoridade Da Concorrência
The Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC) is the Portuguese name for the country's competition regulator, an organisation established to ensure the enforcement of competition law in Portugal. History It was launched in 2003, as an independent authority. Such independence is provided for in the Competition Law, and in its by-laws. The Authority must not accept guidance from the public, nor the private sectors. Leadership The Authority's Presidents have been: Abel Mateus (2003–2008), Manuel Sebastião (2008–2013), António Ferreira Gomes (2013–2016), Margarida Matos Rosa (2016–2023), Nuno Cunha Rodrigues (2023- ). Membership The AdC is a member of the European Competition Network, of the International Competition Network, of the Lusophone Competition Network and of the OECD's Competition Committee's Bureau. Notable cases In 2017, AdC ruled to fine the Portugal's largest company, the utility EDP Group, 28.7 million euros ($31.54 million) and retailer Sonae 9.6 million ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konrad Von Finckenstein
Konrad Winrich Graf Finck von Finckenstein, (born April 4, 1945) is a Canadian public servant who has worked in the areas of trade, commercial, competition and communications law. He was appointed to the Order of Canada in 2022. He has served since August 2023 as Canada's Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner. Early life Von Finckenstein was born in Germany and immigrated to Canada when he was 17. He received a Bachelor of Arts (with Honours) from Carleton University in 1967, and a Bachelor of Laws from Queen's University in 1971. Career In 1973, von Finckenstein entered into the federal public service as a Legal Advisor in the Department of Justice. He would go on to occupy senior roles within the Departments of Justice, Industry and External Affairs. Trade negotiator As Senior General Counsel in the Trade Negotiations Office, he was the chief legal advisor to Simon Reisman during the negotiations that led to the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement. He p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ofcom
The Office of Communications, commonly known as Ofcom, is the government-approved regulatory and competition authority for the broadcasting, internet, telecommunications and mail, postal industries of the United Kingdom. Ofcom has wide-ranging powers across the television, radio, telecoms, internet and postal sectors. It has a statutory duty to represent the interests of citizens and consumers by promoting competition and protecting the public from harmful or offensive material. Some of the main areas Ofcom regulates are TV and radio standards, broadband and phones, video-sharing platforms online, the wireless spectrum and postal services. The regulator was initially established by the (c. 11) and received its full authority from the Communications Act 2003 (c. 21). History On 20 June 2001, the Queen's Speech to the Parliament of the United Kingdom, UK Parliament announced the creation of Ofcom. The new body, which was to replace several existing authorities, was concei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naples
Naples ( ; ; ) is the Regions of Italy, regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 908,082 within the city's administrative limits as of 2025, while its Metropolitan City of Naples, province-level municipality is the third most populous Metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city in Italy with a population of 2,958,410 residents, and the List of urban areas in the European Union, eighth most populous in the European Union. Naples metropolitan area, Its metropolitan area stretches beyond the boundaries of the city wall for approximately . Naples also plays a key role in international diplomacy, since it is home to NATO's Allied Joint Force Command Naples and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Mediterranean. Founded by Greeks in the 1st millennium BC, first millennium BC, Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited urban areas in the world. In the eighth century BC, a colony known as Parthenope () was e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
