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Injury Induced Stem Cell Niches
An injury-induced stem-cell niche is a cellular microenvironments generated during tissue injury. These environments are triggered by injury and the local responses of support cells, and enable the possibility of repair by endogenous or transplanted neural stem cells. These environments have been demonstrated in several injury models, most notable in the CNS. The term was coined by Jaime Imitola Jaime Imitola is an American neuroscientist, neurologist and immunologist. Imitola's clinical and research program focuses on Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of neurodegeneration and repair in humans. His ... and Evan Y. Snyder when they demonstrated that astrocytes and endothelial cells during stroke are able to create a permissive environment for neural regeneration, that is most striking for exogenous transplanted neural stem cells. Previous work by the Snyder Laboratory have shown that the interactions between NSCs and local cells is reciproc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stem-cell Niche
Stem-cell niche refers to a microenvironment, within the specific anatomic location where stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate cell fate. The word 'niche' can be in reference to the ''in vivo'' or ''in vitro'' stem-cell microenvironment. During embryonic development, various niche factors act on embryonic stem cells to alter gene expression, and induce their proliferation or differentiation for the development of the fetus. Within the human body, stem-cell niches maintain adult stem cells in a quiescent state, but after tissue injury, the surrounding micro-environment actively signals to stem cells to promote either self-renewal or differentiation to form new tissues. Several factors are important to regulate stem-cell characteristics within the niche: cell–cell interactions between stem cells, as well as interactions between stem cells and neighbouring differentiated cells, interactions between stem cells and adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaime Imitola
Jaime Imitola is an American neuroscientist, neurologist and immunologist. Imitola's clinical and research program focuses on Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of neurodegeneration and repair in humans. His research includes the translational neuroscience of neural stem cells into patients. Imitola is known for his discoveries on the intrinsic immunology of neural stem cells, the impact of inflammation in the endogenous neural stem cell in multiple sclerosis, and the ethical implications of stem cell tourism in neurological diseases. Early life and education Imitola earned his M.D. degree from the University of Cartagena in 1993. He went on to receive postdoctoral training at Harvard University, Imitola completed postdoctoral fellowships at Harvard Medical School in 2005 with Samia J. Khoury in collaboration and guidance from Evan Y. Snyder and Christopher A. Walsh in stem cell biology and neuroimmunology, later that year joined the facul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evan Y
Evan is both an English and Welsh male given name derived from "Iefan", a Welsh form for the name John. In other languages it could be compared to "Ivan", "Ian", and "Juan"; the name John itself is derived from the ancient Hebrew name Yəhôḥānān, which means "Yahweh is gracious". Evan is also the shortened version of the Greek names "Evangelos" (meaning "good messenger") and "Evander" (meaning "good man"). The name is also sparingly given to women, as with actress Evan Rachel Wood. It may be encountered as a surname, of which Evans is the most common version. Other languages also assign meaning to Evan as a word or name. It is related to the Gaelic word "Eóghan" meaning "youth" or "young warrior", and means "right-handed" in Scots. he, אֶבֶן, even literally means "rock". The old English translation of the name "Evan" could also be interpreted as "Heir of the Earth" or "The King". Popularity The popularity of the name Evan for males in the United States had risen stea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gianvito Martino
Gianvito Martino (born August 9, 1962) is an Italian neuroscientist. Life and work A native of Bergamo, Martino studied medicine and neurology at Pavia University and carried out periods of study and research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm and at the University of Chicago. He is the current Director of the Division of Neuroscience of San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, he teaches biology at the Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and is honorary professor at the Queen Mary University of London. He is one of the founders of BergamoScienza and the author of several scientific publications in top international journals. For the Editrice San Raffaele (San Raffaele Press) he has edited, along with Edoardo Boncinelli Edoardo is the Italian form of the English male given name Edward. Notable people named Edoardo include: * Edoardo Agnelli (industrialist) (1892–1935), Italian industrialist * Edoardo Alfieri (1913–1998), Italian sculptor * Edoardo Amaldi (1908 ..., the boo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefano Pluchino
Stefano Pluchino (born May 31, 1971) is Professor of Regenerative Neuroimmunology, within the Department of Clinical Neurosciences, at the University of Cambridge. His research studies whether the accumulation of neurological disability observed in patients with chronic inflammatory neurological conditions can be slowed down using next generation molecular therapies. The overarching aim is to understand the basic mechanisms that allow exogenously delivered stem cells, gene therapy vectors and/or exosomes to create an environment that preserves damaged axons or prevents neurons from dying. Such mechanisms are being harnessed and used to modulate disease states to repair and/or regenerate critical components of the nervous system. He is best known for having provided compelling evidence in support of the feasibility and efficacy of advanced stem cell therapies in rodent and non-human primate models of inflammatory neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis. His wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stem Cells
In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. They are the earliest type of cell in a cell lineage. They are found in both embryonic and adult organisms, but they have slightly different properties in each. They are usually distinguished from progenitor cells, which cannot divide indefinitely, and precursor or blast cells, which are usually committed to differentiating into one cell type. In mammals, roughly 50–150 cells make up the inner cell mass during the blastocyst stage of embryonic development, around days 5–14. These have stem-cell capability. ''In vivo'', they eventually differentiate into all of the body's cell types (making them pluripotent). This process starts with the differentiation into the three germ layers – the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm – at the gastrulation stage. However, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
