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Ifugao Language
Ifugao or Batad is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the northern valleys of Ifugao, Philippines. It is a member of the Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the Bontoc and Kankanaey languages. It is a dialect continuum, and its four main varieties—such as Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages. Loanwords from other languages, such as Ilokano, are replacing some older terminology. Dialects ''Ethnologue'' reports the following locations for each of the four Ifugao languages. *Amganad Ifugao: spoken in Hungduan and Banaue municipalities of Ifugao Province, and into southwestern Mountain Province. 27,100 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Burnay Ifugao and Banaue Ifugao. *Batad Ifugao (Ayangan Ifugao): spoken in central Ifugao Province. There are also some speakers in Isabela Province, on the eastern shore of the Magat reservoir. 10,100 speakers as of 2002. Dialects include Ducligan Ifugao. *Mayoyao Ifugao (Mayaoyaw): spoken in Ifugao Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ifugao
Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao (; ), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the west, Mountain Province to the north, Isabela to the east, and Nueva Vizcaya to the south. The Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras and Banaue Rice Terraces are the main tourist attractions in the province. These terraces are believed to have been hand-carved into the mountains 2,000 years ago to plant rice. However, recent research by carbon dating suggests that they were built much later. In 1995, the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras were declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2008 and 2015, the ''Hudhud chants of the Ifugao'' and the '' Punnuk ( Tugging rituals and games)'' were inscribed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists. Etymology Ifugao is named after the term ''i-pugo'' (''"i"'' rom/peopleand ''pugo'' ill, which translates to ''pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasal Consonant
In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive or nasal stop in contrast with an oral stop or nasalized consonant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose. The vast majority of consonants are oral consonants. Examples of nasals in English are , and , in words such as ''nose'', ''bring'' and ''mouth''. Nasal occlusives are nearly universal in human languages. There are also other kinds of nasal consonants in some languages. Definition Nearly all nasal consonants are nasal occlusives, in which air escapes through the nose but not through the mouth, as it is blocked (occluded) by the lips or tongue. The oral cavity still acts as a resonance chamber for the sound. Rarely, non-occlusive consonants may be nasalized. Most nasals are voiced, and in fact, the nasal sounds and are among the most common sounds cross-linguistically. Voiceless nasals occur in a few languages such as Burmese, Welsh, Icelan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stop Consonant
In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases. The occlusion may be made with the tongue tip or blade (, ), tongue body (, ), lips (, ), or glottis (). Plosives contrast with nasals, where the vocal tract is blocked but airflow continues through the nose, as in and , and with fricatives, where partial occlusion impedes but does not block airflow in the vocal tract. Terminology The terms ''stop, occlusive,'' and ''plosive'' are often used interchangeably. Linguists who distinguish them may not agree on the distinction being made. "Stop" refers to the stopping of the airflow, "occlusive" to the articulation which occludes (blocks) the vocal tract, and "plosive" to the plosion (release burst) of the consonant. Some object to the use of "plosive" for inaudibly released stops, which may then instead be called "applosives". The International Phonetic Association and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glottal Consonant
Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation. Many phoneticians consider them, or at least the glottal fricative, to be transitional states of the glottis without a point of articulation as other consonants have, while some do not consider them to be consonants at all. However, glottal consonants behave as typical consonants in many languages. For example, in Literary Arabic, most words are formed from a root ''C-C-C'' consisting of three consonants, which are inserted into templates such as or . The glottal consonants and can occupy any of the three root consonant slots, just like "normal" consonants such as or . The glottal consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet are as follows: Characteristics In many languages, the "fricatives" are not true fricatives. This is a historical usage of the word. They instead represent transitional states of the glottis (phonation) without a specific place of articulation, and may behave as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velar Consonant
Velar consonants are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (also known as the "velum"). Since the velar region of the roof of the mouth is relatively extensive and the movements of the dorsum are not very precise, velars easily undergo assimilation, shifting their articulation back or to the front depending on the quality of adjacent vowels. They often become automatically ''fronted'', that is partly or completely palatal before a following front vowel, and ''retracted'', that is partly or completely uvular before back vowels. Palatalised velars (like English in ''keen'' or ''cube'') are sometimes referred to as palatovelars. Many languages also have labialized velars, such as , in which the articulation is accompanied by rounding of the lips. There are also labial–velar consonants, which are doubly articulated at the velum and at the lips, such as . This distinction disappea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palatal Consonant
Palatals are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). Consonants with the tip of the tongue curled back against the palate are called retroflex. Characteristics The most common type of palatal consonant is the extremely common approximant , which ranks among the ten most common sounds in the world's languages. The nasal is also common, occurring in around 35 percent of the world's languages, in most of which its equivalent obstruent is not the stop , but the affricate . Only a few languages in northern Eurasia, the Americas and central Africa contrast palatal stops with postalveolar affricates—as in Hungarian, Czech, Latvian, Macedonian, Slovak, Turkish and Albanian. Consonants with other primary articulations may be palatalized, that is, accompanied by the raising of the tongue surface towards the hard palate. For example, English (spelled ''sh'') has such a palatal componen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alveolar Consonant
Alveolar consonants (; UK also ) are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the upper teeth. Alveolar consonants may be articulated with the tip of the tongue (the apical consonants), as in English, or with the flat of the tongue just above the tip (the "blade" of the tongue; called laminal consonants), as in French and Spanish. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) does not have separate symbols for the alveolar consonants. Rather, the same symbol is used for all coronal places of articulation that are not palatalized like English palato-alveolar ''sh'', or retroflex. To disambiguate, the ''bridge'' (, ''etc.'') may be used for a dental consonant, or the under-bar (, ''etc.'') may be used for the postalveolars. differs from dental in that the former is a sibilant and the latter is not. differs from postalveolar in being unpalatalized. The bare letter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labial Consonant
Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator. The two common labial articulations are bilabials, articulated using both lips, and labiodentals, articulated with the lower lip against the upper teeth, both of which are present in English. A third labial articulation is dentolabials, articulated with the upper lip against the lower teeth (the reverse of labiodental), normally only found in pathological speech. Generally precluded are linguolabials, in which the tip of the tongue contacts the posterior side of the upper lip, making them coronals, though sometimes, they behave as labial consonants. The most common distribution between bilabials and labiodentals is the English one, in which the nasal and the stops, , , and , are bilabial and the fricatives, , and , are labiodental. The voiceless bilabial fricative, voiced bilabial fricative, and the bilabial approximant do not exist as the primary realizations of any sounds in E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso Lista, Ifugao
Alfonso Lista, formerly known as Potia, officially the Municipality of Lista is a municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 34,061 people. History Potia was created as the municipal district by virtue of Republic Act (RA) No. 1222 on 11 May 1955, from the barrios of Potia, Dolowog, San Juan, San Quintin, Cabicalan, Pinto, Busilac, Santa Maria, and Namillangan in the municipal district of Mayoyao; the seat of government then was designated at Barrio Potia. Originally called Mun-uupag ("bubbles of foam") by the Ifugao natives, Potia was derived from the term ''Putiak'', a phenomenon wherein plants and flowers in the area opened their pods as they dried and cracked open. The administration of President Sergio Osmeña annexed the area presently composed of Alfonso Lista to present-day San Mateo, Isabela. However, due to opposition by local settlers in the area, a major part of the area was later transferred to Mayoy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aguinaldo, Ifugao
Aguinaldo, officially the Municipality of Aguinaldo, is a municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 21,128 people. Etymology The town was named Aguinaldo in honor of Emilio Aguinaldo, the first President of the Philippines, who is believed to have passed through the area during the Philippine–American War. Before its creation in 1980, the area was known as Bunhian, then a part of the municipality of Mayoyao. History The Municipality of Aguinaldo was officially created through Batas Pambansa Bilang 86, which was approved on September 20, 1980. The law separated several barangays—Bunhian, Damag, Galonogon, Itab, Jacmal, Ta-ang, Talete, and Ubao—from the Municipality of Mayoyao in the province of Ifugao. Prior to its creation, the area that now comprises Aguinaldo was known collectively as Bunhian, a part of Mayoyao. During the 1970s, local leaders from the aforementioned barangays began advocating for separa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayoyao, Ifugao
Mayoyao, officially the Municipality of Mayoyao is a municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 15,621 people. History Battle of Mayoyao Ridge From July 26 to August 9, 1945, Filipino soldiers under the command of Donald Blackburn, supported by airstrikes by Army Air Forces, captured the town, then a Japanese stronghold.Harkins, P., 1956, Blackburn's Headhunters, London: Cassell & Co. LTD The result was key to the eventual surrender of General Yamashita at Kiangan, Ifugao. A memorial marker, located at Mount Nagchajan, marks the site of the battle. Geography Mayoyao is situated from the provincial capital Lagawe, and from the country's capital city of Manila. Barangays Mayoyao is politically subdivided into 27 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. * Aduyongan * Alimit * Ayangan * Balangbang * Banao * Banhal * Bato-Alatbang * Bongan * Buninan * Chaya * Chumang * Epeng * Guinihon * I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
