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IBM Worker Organization
IBM, International Business Machines Corporation, more commonly known as IBM is an American technology company that employs 300,000 people across 170 countries, primarily in the United States and India. IBM's low union density and limited Trade union, union recognition is attributed to a corporate culture, that emphasizes highly individualized relationships between managers and their direct reports, and proactive Union busting, avoidance of unions when managers become aware of union organizing activity. Trade union, Trade unions have limited recognition at IBM in IBM and unions#Australia, Australia, IBM and unions#Japan, Japan, IBM and unions#Germany, Germany and IBM and unions#Italy, Italy and elsewhere in Europe. There were Strike action, strike actions in IBM and unions#China, China, IBM and unions#Italy, Italy and IBM and unions#Australia, Australia against Restructuring, corporate restructurings and demands for higher wages. In the IBM and unions#United States, United States, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Density
The union density or union membership rate conveys the number of trade union members who are employees as a percentage of the total number of employees in a given industry or country. This is normally lower than collective agreement coverage rate, which refers to all people whose terms of work are collectively negotiated. Trade unions bargain with employers to improve pay, conditions, and decision-making in workplaces; higher rates of union density within an industry or country will generally indicate higher levels of trade union bargaining power, lower rates of density will indicate less bargaining power. Causes The causes of higher or lower union membership are widely debated. Common causes are often identified as including the following: *whether a jurisdiction encourages sectoral collective bargaining (higher coverage) or enterprise bargaining (lower coverage) *whether collective agreements to create a closed shop or allow automatic enrollment in union membership are lawfu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company
The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) was a holding company of manufacturers of record-keeping and measuring systems; it was subsequently known as IBM. In 1911, the financier and noted trust organizer Charles R. Flint, called the "Father of Trusts", amalgamated (via stock acquisition) four companies: Bundy Manufacturing Company, International Time Recording Company, the Tabulating Machine Company, and the Computing Scale Company of America; creating a fifth company – the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company. CTR was initially located in Endicott, New York. The amalgamated companies had 1,300 employees and manufactured a wide range of products, including employee time-keeping systems, weighing scales, automatic meat slicers, and punched card equipment. CTR was renamed the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) in 1924. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNI Global Union
UNI Global Union, formally Union Network International (UNI), is a global union federation for the skills and services sectors, uniting national and regional trade unions. It has affiliated unions in 150 countries representing 20 million workers. The Global headquarters is in Nyon, Switzerland. UNI Global Union ratified over 50 Global Framework Agreements with multinational corporations including ABN AMRO, Carrefour, H&M, DHL, Telefonica, BNP Orange and Banco de Brazil, Inditex Group, Kimberly Clark among others as of 2021. History UNI was the result of the merger of four global union federations: International Federation of Commercial, Clerical, Professional and Technical Employees (FIET), Media and Entertainment International (MEI), International Graphical Federation (IGF), and Communications International (CI). They merged on 1 January 2000, to form Union Network International. On 2 March 2009, the federation changed its name to UNI Global Union. International F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Union Federation
A global union federation (GUF) is an international List of federations of trade unions, federation of national trade unions organizing in specific industry sectors or occupational groups. Historically, such federations in the social democratic tradition described as ''international trade secretariats'' (ITS),. while those in the Christian democratic tradition described themselves as ''international trade federations''. Equivalent sectoral bodies linked to the World Federation of Trade Unions described themselves as ''trade union internationals''. Many unions are members of one or more global union federations, relevant to the sectors where they have their members. Individual unions may also be affiliated to a national trade union centre, which in turn can be affiliated to the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) or the WFTU. Current federations Former secretariats See also *Global Unions Notes Citations Sources ;Books * * * * * ;Article ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Trade Union Institute
The European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) is the independent research and training centre of the European Trade Union Confederation ( ETUC). Its mission is to support, strengthen, and stimulate the European trade union movement by building bridges between research and labor. The ETUI was formed in 2005 through the merger of three specialist bodies: the European Trade Union Institute, the European Trade Union College, and the Trade Union Technical Bureau. It employs a multinational team of around 60 staff members and receives financial support from the European Union. Research The ETUI is recognised as a centre of excellence in several areas of research such as European industrial relations (including European Works Council, worker participation, European social dialogue, etc.) and working conditions (health and safety, exposure to dangerous substances – REACH, etc.). The research department consists of three subject units: * Europeanisation of industrial relations * Econom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian General Confederation Of Labour
The Italian General Confederation of Labour (, , CGIL ) is a national trade union centre in Italy. It was formed by an agreement between socialists, communists, and Christian democrats in the "Pact of Rome" of June 1944. In 1950, socialists and Christian democrats split forming Italian Labour Union, UIL and Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions, CISL, and since then the CGIL has been influenced by the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and until recent years by its political heirs: the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), the Democrats of the Left (DS) and currently the Democratic Party (Italy), Democratic Party (PD). It has been the most important Italian trade union since its creation. It has a membership of over 5.5 million. The CGIL is currently the second-largest trade union in Europe, after the German German Trade Union Confederation, DGB, which has over 6 million members. The CGIL is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation and the European Trade Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Works Councils Database
The European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) is the independent research and training centre of the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC). Its mission is to support, strengthen, and stimulate the European trade union movement by building bridges between research and labor. The ETUI was formed in 2005 through the merger of three specialist bodies: the European Trade Union Institute, the European Trade Union College, and the Trade Union Technical Bureau. It employs a multinational team of around 60 staff members and receives financial support from the European Union. Research The ETUI is recognised as a centre of excellence in several areas of research such as European industrial relations (including European Works Council, worker participation, European social dialogue, etc.) and working conditions (health and safety, exposure to dangerous substances – REACH, etc.). The research department consists of three subject units: * Europeanisation of industrial relations * Economic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIT Press
The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the Open Access movement in academic publishing. History MIT Press traces its origins back to 1926 when MIT published a lecture series entitled ''Problems of Atomic Dynamics'' given by the visiting German physicist and later Nobel Prize winner, Max Born. In 1932, MIT's publishing operations were first formally instituted by the creation of an imprint called Technology Press. This imprint was founded by James R. Killian, Jr., at the time editor of MIT's alumni magazine and later to become MIT president. Technology Press published eight titles independently, then in 1937 entered into an arrangement with John Wiley & Sons in which Wiley took over marketing and editorial responsibilities. In 1961, the centennial of MIT's founding charter, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Work, Employment & Society
''Work, Employment & Society'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the fields of sociology and industrial relations. It has been in publication since 1984 and is currently published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the British Sociological Association. Scope ''Work, Employment & Society'' publishes theoretically informed and original research on the sociology of work. The journal aims to cover all aspects of work, employment and unemployment and their connections with wider social processes and social structures. Abstracting and indexing ''Work, Employment and Society'' is abstracted and indexed in, among other databases: SCOPUS, and the Social Sciences Citation Index. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', its 2019 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Workplace Relationship
Workplace relationships are unique interpersonal relationships with important implications for the individuals in those relationships, and the organizations in which the relationships exist and develop. Workplace relationships directly affect a worker's ability and drive to succeed. These connections are multifaceted, can exist in and out of the organization, and can be both positive and negative. One such detriment lies in the nonexistence of workplace relationships, which can lead to feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Workplace relationships are not limited to friendships, but also include superior-subordinate, romantic, and family relationships. Workplace friendships Friendship is a relationship between two individuals that is entered into voluntarily, develops over time, and has shared social and emotional goals. These goals may include feelings of belonging, affection, and intimacy. Due to the great deal of time co-workers spend together, friendships start t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizational Identification
Organizational identification (OI) is a term used in management studies and organizational psychology. The term refers to the propensity of a member of an organization to identify with that organization. OI has been distinguished from "affective organizational commitment". Measures of an individual's OI have been developed, based on questionnaires. Definitions of identification and organizational identification Cheney and Tompkins state that identification is "the appropriation of identity, either by # the individual or collective in question # by others. Identification includes "the development and maintenance of an individual's or group's 'sameness' or 'substance' against a backdrop of change and 'outside' elements." Salient symbolic linkages (through communication) are important to identification, identification is a process, and the nature of a particular individual's or group's identification with something is continually changing. Identification, to organizations or anythin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizational Culture
Organizational culture encompasses the shared norms, values, corporate language and behaviors - observed in schools, universities, not-for-profit groups, government agencies, and businesses - reflecting their core values and strategic direction. Alternative terms include business culture, corporate culture and company culture. The term corporate culture emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s.Unlike many expressions that emerge in business jargon, the term spread to newspapers and magazines. Few usage experts object to the term. Over 80 percent of usage experts accept the sentence ''The new management style is a reversal of GE's traditional corporate culture, in which virtually everything the company does is measured in some form and filed away somewhere.''", The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. It was used by managers, sociologists, and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
