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Fumetti Neri
''Fumetti neri'' (Italian for "black comics") is a subgenre of Italian comics, born in Italy with the creation of the ''Diabolik'' character (1962). Overview The "Fumetti neri" name comes from "cronaca nera", the Italian name for crime news. Among the inspirations of the genre were the film noir, the French '' feuilleton'' and Italian horror cinema. In a local market dominated by comics devoted to a young audience, the immediate commercial success of ''Diabolik'' revealed a niche of adult readers interested in adult and sometimes exploitive themes characterized by violence and sex references.Simone Castaldi. ''Drawn and Dangerous: Italian Comics of the 1970s and 1980s''. University Press of Mississippi, 2010. . The heroes of ''fumetti neri'' were more anti-hero or villain than traditional heroes, and Diabolik himself was very loosely based on the French'' Fantômas'' character. The subsequent main characters in these comics were all inspired by Diabolik and often had a K in ...
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Italian Comics
Italian comics, also known as ''fumetto'' , plural form ''fumetti'' , are comics that originate in Italy. The most popular Italian comics have been translated into many languages. The term ''fumetto'' (literally ''little puff of smoke'') refers to the distinctive word balloons that contain the dialogue in comics (also called ''nuvoletta'', "little cloud", in Italian). In English, the term ''fumetti'' can refer to photo comics, regardless of origin or language. History Italian ''fumetto'' has its roots in periodicals aimed at younger readers and in the satirical publications of the 19th century. These magazines published cartoons and illustrations for educational and propagandist purposes. The first illustrated satirical publication appeared in 1848, in '' L'Arlecchino'', a daily paper published in Naples. Other noteworthy examples of satirical papers of the period include ''Lo Spirito Folletto'' published in Milan, Turin's ''Il Fischietto'' and ''Il Fanfulla'', established i ...
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Maghella
Maghella is an Italian comic book erotic character. A young witch with magic powers, she was created by Dino Leonetti with text by Furio Arrasich. She made her first appearance as lead character in the erotic series ''Menelik'' published in 1974 by Publistrip. The ''Maghella'' comic book was started in January 1974, lasting for 140 issues published by Publistrip until March 1981. Later on, 7 issues were published by Ediperiodici from June 1987 to December 1987. The comic books were published also in France. The girl is identified by two braids of black hair and giant breasts with unspecified powers and magic, hence her name, meaning "little witch" in Italian. Her most typical exclamation is "Holy Shit", repeated in every adventure: these were also the first words she speaks in the first appearance in ''Menelik''. Maghella is one of many such characters from the Italian ''fumetti'' tradition. Other figures from the same era, and with similarly violent or erotic preoccupations, ...
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France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin. Its eighteen integral regions (five of which are overseas) span a combined area of and contain clos ...
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Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the reality of society, and who proposes solutions for the normative problems of society. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting or producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values. Etymological background "Man of letters" The term "man of letters" derives from the French term '' belletrist'' or ''homme de lettres'' but is not synonymous with "an academic". A "man of letters" was a literate man, able to read and write, as opposed to an illiterate man in a time when literacy was rare and thus highly valued in the upper strata of society. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the term ''Belletrist(s)'' came to be applied to the ''literati'': the French participants in—sometimes referred to a ...
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Louise Brooks
Mary Louise Brooks (November 14, 1906 – August 8, 1985) was an American film actress and dancer during the 1920s and 1930s. She is regarded today as an icon of the Jazz Age and flapper culture, in part due to the bob hairstyle that she helped popularize during the prime of her career. At the age of 15, Brooks began her career as a dancer and toured with the Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts where she performed opposite Ted Shawn. After being fired, she found employment as a chorus girl in ''George White's Scandals'' and as a semi-nude dancer in the ''Ziegfeld Follies'' in New York City. While dancing in the ''Follies'', Brooks came to the attention of Walter Wanger, a producer at Paramount Pictures, and was signed to a five-year contract with the studio. She appeared in supporting roles in various Paramount films before taking the heroine's role in '' Beggars of Life'' (1928). During this time, she became an intimate friend of actress Marion Davies and joined the ...
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Bob Cut
A bob cut, also known as a bob, is a short to medium length haircut, in which the hair is typically cut straight around the head at approximately jaw level, but no longer than shoulder-length, often with fringe or bangs at the front. The standard bob cut exposes the back of the neck and keeps all of the hair well above the shoulders. History Historically, women in the West have usually worn their hair long. Although young girls, actresses and a few "advanced" or fashionable women had worn short hair even before World War I—for example in 1910 the French actress Polaire is described as having "a shock of short, dark hair", a cut she adopted in the early 1890s—the style was not considered generally respectable until given impetus by the inconvenience of long hair to girls engaged in war work. In 1909, Antoni Cierplikowski, called Antoine de Paris, Polish hairdresser who became the world's first celebrity hairdresser, started a fashion for a short bob cut, which w ...
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Guido Crepax
Guido Crepas (15 July 1933, in Milan – 31 July 2003, in Milan), better known by his pen name Guido Crepax, was an Italian comics artist. He is most famous for his character '' Valentina'', created in 1965 and very representative of the spirit of the 1960s. The ''Valentina'' series of books and strips became noted for Crepax's sophisticated drawing, and for the psychedelic, dreamlike storylines, generally involving a strong dose of erotism. His work was often politically motivated too, inspired by his Communist convictions. A film based on his work called ''Baba Yaga'', featuring the character Valentina, was made in 1973. Works Valentina stories * ''The Lesmo Curve'' (1965) * ''The Subterraneans'' (1965) * ''The Descent'' (1966) * ''Un Poco Loco'' (1966) * ''Ciao, Valentina'' (1966) * ''The Force of Gravity'' (1967) * ''Funny Valentine'' (1967) * ''Valentina in Sovietland'' (1968) * ''Valentina in Boots'' (1968) * ''Marianna in the Country'' (1968) * ''Fearless Paper Doll Valen ...
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Valentina (comics)
''Valentina'' is an Italian comic strip series, created in 1965 by the Italian artist Guido Crepax and concluded in 1996. Originally a minor character working for the comic hero ''Neutron'', Valentina became the sole protagonist of the series in 1967. The first episode was entitled "La Curva di Lesmo" (referring to a curve of the Italian Formula 1 Grand Prix of Monza). This story was followed by 30 others, collected in a total of seven books, along with two others ''Lanterna magica'' (''Magic Lantern'', 1977) and ''Valentina pirata'' (''Pirate Valentina''), the first in full colour. Character Valentina Rosselli, whose appearance is inspired by silent film actress Louise Brooks, is a Milanese photojournalist. Her boyfriend, Philip Rembrandt, the super-hero ''Neutron'', has the ability to paralyze people, animals, or machines he has seen in the flesh or pictures. Later a child was born to Philip and Valentina, Mattia. The character Valentina was born on December 25, 1942, in ...
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Frankenstein (fumetti)
''Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus'' is an 1818 novel written by English author Mary Shelley. ''Frankenstein'' tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. Shelley started writing the story when she was 18, and the first edition was published anonymously in London on 1 January 1818, when she was 20. Her name first appeared in the second edition, which was published in Paris in 1821. Shelley travelled through Europe in 1815, moving along the river Rhine in Germany, and stopping in Gernsheim, away from Frankenstein Castle, where, two centuries before, an alchemist had engaged in experiments.This seems to mean Johann Konrad Dippel (1673–1734), one century before (not two). For Dippel's experiments and the possibility of connection to ''Frankenstein'' see the Dippel article. She then journeyed to the region of Geneva, Switzerland, where much of the story takes place. Galvanism an ...
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Jolanda De Almaviva
Maurilio Manara (; born 12 September 1945), known professionally as Milo Manara, is an Italian comic book writer and artist. Career After architecture and painting studies, he made his comics debut in 1969 drawing for ''Genius'', a Fumetti neri series of pocket books from publisher Furio Vanio in the wake of the popularity of '' Kriminal'' and '' Satanik''. In 1970, he illustrated for the magazine ''Terror'', and starting in 1971 drew the erotic series ''Jolanda de Almaviva'' written by Francisco Rubino, issued in small format by publisher Erregi. Joining the youth magazine ', he worked with Rubino, Carlo Barbieri, Mino Milani and Silverio Pisú. With Pisú Manara launched the publications ' and ' in 1974 and the series ', and with writer Mino Milani the series ' in 1975. Manara and Pisú later went on to publish ''Lo Scimmiotto'' (''The Ape'') along the story of the Chinese Monkey King in ''Alter Linus'' in 1976, and with Alfredo Castelli, ''L'Uomo delle Nevi'' (''The Snowman'') ...
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Sukia
''Sukia'''' succhiare'' is Italian for "to suck". was a vampire-themed Italian comics series by Renzo Barbieri and Fulvio Bosttoli published by Edifumetto from 1978 to 1986, for a total of 153 albums and 6 extra albums. In the series Sukia faces people or creatures who are trying to do some form of harm to the world or other. Sukia is displayed as an antihero since she at times helps people fight crimes against humanity or committing crimes for personal gain. Each issue usually was self-contained. The physical characteristics of ''Sukia'' are said to have been inspired by the looks of the actress Ornella Muti. Emanuele Taglietti painted numerous covers for the series. The series was published in Italy, Germany, France, Spain, Brazil, Belgium and in Latin America where the series was published in Colombia and distributed all over Latin America. The Latin American version of the series can also be found in North America. In Brazil it was printed under the title "Vampi". ...
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Vartan (comics)
''Vartan'' is an Italian comic book created and drawn by Sandro Angiolini, and published in 200 issues between October 1969 and May 1977 by Furio Viano. An attempt to relaunch the publication in 1980 lasted only six issues. The comic book featured the erotic adventures of its heroine, described as "white Indian", in a classic western setting. The title character's name and features were loosely inspired by French singer and actress Sylvie Vartan, at the time quite popular in Italy thanks to a number of hits and television appearances. Vartan is one of many such characters from the Italian '' fumetti'' tradition. Other female figures from the same era, and with similarly erotic preoccupations, include Zora la Vampira, Maghella, Biancaneve, Lucifera, Jacula, Yra, Jolanda de Almaviva Maurilio Manara (; born 12 September 1945), known professionally as Milo Manara, is an Italian comic book writer and artist. Career After architecture and painting studies, he made his comics debut i ...
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