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Foster Partners
Foster and Partners (also Foster + Partners) is a British international architecture firm with its headquarters in London, England. It was founded in 1967 by British architect and designer Norman Foster. The firm has been involved in the design of major projects around the world, including the Gherkin in London, the Hearst Tower in New York City, the 1990s renovation of the Reichstag in Berlin, the Millau Viaduct in France, and Hong Kong International Airport. In addition to architectural design, the firm's practice encompasses engineering and industrial design. As of 2021, the firm had approximately 1,500 employees, located in offices in multiple cities, including New York, Hong Kong, and Madrid. The firm has won the Pritzker Architecture Prize and the Stirling Prize. By 2024, Foster + Partner earned more than half a billion dollars in fees. 40% of Foster + Partner's fees were paid by clients in the Middle East. History The firm was established by Norman Foster in 1967, s ...
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Private Company
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose Stock, shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the Private equity, company's stock is offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately, also known as "over-the-counter (finance), over-the-counter". Related terms are unlisted organisation, unquoted company and private equity. Private companies are often less well-known than their public company, publicly traded counterparts but still have major importance in the world's economy. For example, in 2008, the 441 list of largest private non-governmental companies by revenue, largest private companies in the United States accounted for $1.8 trillion in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In general, all companies that are not owned by the government are classified as private enterprises. This definition encompasses both publ ...
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Madrid
Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its wikt:monocentric, monocentric Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area is the List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, second-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the Manzanares (river), River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula at about above mean sea level. The capital city of both Spain and the surrounding Community of Madrid, autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also th ...
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Steve Jobs
Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American businessman, inventor, and investor best known for co-founding the technology company Apple Inc. Jobs was also the founder of NeXT and chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar. He was a pioneer of the personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his early business partner and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955 and adopted shortly afterwards. He attended Reed College in 1972 before withdrawing that same year. In 1974, he traveled through India, Hippie trail, seeking enlightenment before later studying Buddhism in the West#Emerging mainstream western Buddhism, Zen Buddhism. He and Wozniak co-founded Apple in 1976 to further develop and sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. Together, the duo gained fame and wealth a year later with production and sale of the Apple II, one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputers. Jobs saw ...
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Gorges Du Tarn
The Gorges du Tarn () is a canyon formed by the Tarn (river) between the Causse Méjean and the Causse de Sauveterre, in southern France. The canyon, mainly located in the Lozère ''département In the administrative divisions of France, the department (, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. There are a total of 101 ...'', and partially in the Aveyron ''département'', is about -long (from the village of Quézac, Lozère, Quézac to Le Rozier, from to ) and 400 m to 600 m deep. Geography and geology The gorges landscape involves Mesozoic limestone plateaux downstream presenting sub-vertical cliffs. Fault (geology), Faults like the Hauterive Fault explain the important water sources in the region of Sainte-Enimie (the ''Burle'' source and the ''Coussac'' source, the latter joining the Tarn (river), Tarn in an impressive waterfall), and the more ...
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Swiss Re
Swiss Re Ltd is a Swiss reinsurance company founded in 1863 and headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland. It is one of the world's largest reinsurers, as measured by gross premiums written. Swiss Re operates through around 80 offices in 29 countries and employs over 14,000 people. It was ranked 519th on the Forbes Global 2000 list and ranked 316th on the ''Fortune'' Global 500 in 2023. Swiss Re is listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange. History On 10–11 May 1861, more than 500 houses went up in flames in the town of Glarus, Switzerland. Two-thirds of the town was reduced to rubble and ashes and around 3,000 inhabitants were made homeless. The damage to Glarus exceeded the reserves of the cantonal fire insurance, which had underinsured many cantonal buildings: the resulting loss was covered by donations, as well as a bond issue by the cantonal government. Similarly to the fire of Hamburg in 1842, which led to the foundation of the first professional reinsurers in Germany, the fire of ...
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The Gherkin
30 St Mary Axe, previously known as the Swiss Re Building, is a commercial skyscraper in London's primary financial district, the City of London. Its nickname, The Gherkin, is due to its resemblance to gherkin, the vegetable. It was completed in December 2003 and opened in April 2004. With 41 floors, it is tall and stands on the sites of the former Baltic Exchange (building), Baltic Exchange and Chamber of Shipping, which were extensively damaged in 1992 in the Baltic Exchange bombing by a device placed by the Provisional Irish Republican Army, Provisional IRA in St Mary Axe, a narrow street leading north from Leadenhall Street. After plans to build the 92-storey Millennium Tower (London), Millennium Tower were dropped, 30 St Mary Axe was designed by Foster + Partners and the Arup Group. It was built by Skanska; construction started in 2001. The building has become a recognisable landmark of London, and it is one of the city's most widely recognised examples of contemporary a ...
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Baltic Exchange (building)
The Baltic Exchange was an important listed building and historic landmark at 24–28 St Mary Axe in the City of London, occupied by the Baltic Exchange, a market for shipping, marine insurance, and information on maritime transportation. The building was known to some British architectural historians for its cathedral-like trading hall and the Baltic Exchange Memorial Glass, a stained glass war memorial. It was severely damaged by an IRA bombing in 1992 and between 1995 and 1998 was demolished. The site is now occupied by 30 St Mary Axe ("The Gherkin"); the stained glass survived and can be seen at the National Maritime Museum. Construction The historic building was designed by Smith and Wimble and completed by George Trollope & Sons in 1903: it was subsequently listed as a Grade II* listed building. Bombing of the exchange building On 10 April 1992 at 9:20 pm, the façade of the Exchange's offices at 24–28 St Mary Axe was partially demolished, and the rest of the bu ...
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HSBC
HSBC Holdings plc ( zh, t_hk=滙豐; initialism from its founding member The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) is a British universal bank and financial services group headquartered in London, England, with historical and business links to East Asia and a multinational corporation, multinational footprint. It is the List of banks in Europe, largest Europe-based bank by total assets, ahead of BNP Paribas, with US$3.098 trillion as of September 2024. This also puts it as the List of largest banks, 7th largest bank in the world by total assets behind Bank of America, and the 3rd largest State ownership, non-state owned bank in the world. In 2021, HSBC had $10.8 trillion in assets under custodian bank, custody (AUC) and $4.9 trillion in assets under administration (AUA). HSBC traces its origin to a Hong (business), ''hong'' trading house in British Hong Kong. The bank was established in 1865 in Hong Kong and opened branches in Shanghai in the same year. It was ...
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Norwich, England
Norwich () is a cathedral city and district of the county of Norfolk, England, of which it is the county town. It lies by the River Wensum, about north-east of London, north of Ipswich and east of Peterborough. The population of the Norwich City Council local authority area was estimated to be 144,000 in 2021, which was an increase from 143,135 in 2019. The wider Norwich List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, built-up area had a population of 213,166 at the 2011 census. As the seat of the Episcopal see, See of Norwich, the city has one of the country's largest medieval cathedrals. For much of the second millennium, from medieval to just before Industrial Revolution, industrial times, Norwich was one of the most prosperous and largest towns of England; at one point, it was List of towns and cities in England by historical population, second only to London. Today, it is the largest settlement in East Anglia. Heritage and status Norwich claims to be the most complete medie ...
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University Of East Anglia
The University of East Anglia (UEA) is a Public university, public research university in Norwich, England. Established in 1963 on a campus university, campus west of the city centre, the university has four faculties and twenty-six schools of study. It is one of five Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, BBSRC funded research campuses with forty businesses, four independent research institutes (John Innes Centre, Quadram Institute, Earlham Institute and Sainsbury Laboratory, The Sainsbury Laboratory) and a teaching hospital (Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital) on site. The university is a member of Norwich Research Park, which has one of Europe's largest concentrations of researchers in the fields of agriculture, genomics, health and the Natural environment, environment. UEA is also one of the nation's most-cited research institutions worldwide. The postgraduate UEA Creative Writing Course, Master of Arts in creative writing, founded by Malcolm Bradbury ...
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Sainsbury Centre For Visual Arts
The Sainsbury Centre is an art museum located on the campus of the University of East Anglia, Norwich, England. As part of its relaunch in 2023 under new executive director, Jago Cooper, the Sainsbury Centre became the first museum in the world to formally recognise art as alive. The centre's ethos 'Living Art Sharing Stories' aims to give agency to the objects in the collection, as well as enable people to build relationships with the living works of art. The centre's approach to programming was also transformed in 2023, moving away from a traditional approach to adopt one which "empowers art to answer life's biggest questions". The building, which contains a collection of world art, was one of the first major public buildings to be designed by the architects Norman Foster and Wendy Cheesman, completed in 1978. The building became Grade II* listed in December 2012. Design The Sainsbury Centre building was opened in 1978. It was designed between 1974 and 1976 by the th ...
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Robert Sainsbury
Sir Robert James Sainsbury (24 October 1906 – 2 April 2000) was a businessman, philanthropist, and patron of the arts. He was the son of John Benjamin Sainsbury and the grandson of the founder of Sainsbury's supermarkets John James Sainsbury. He read history at Pembroke College, Cambridge, then studied accountancy, later becoming a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants. He and his elder brother Alan John Sainsbury became joint general managers of J. Sainsbury Ltd. in 1938. In 1967, he took over as chairman of the company and in the same year, he was knighted for his services to the arts. Early life and career Sainsbury was born in Hampstead in 1906, and was the second son of John Benjamin Sainsbury and Mabel Miriam van den Burgh, the daughter of Jacob Van den Bergh, whose family were Dutch Jewish industrialists and manufactured margarine. Her grandfather was Simon van den Bergh. Robert's older brother Alan John Sainsbury was Baron Sainsbury and the first in th ...
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