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Foreign-exchange Reserves Of India
The foreign exchange reserves of India are holdings of cash, bank deposits, bonds, and other financial assets denominated in currencies other than India's national currency, the Indian rupee. The foreign-exchange reserves are managed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for the Indian government, and the main component is foreign currency assets. Foreign-exchange reserves act as the first line of defense for India in case of economic slowdown, but acquisition of reserves has its own costs. Foreign exchange reserves facilitate external trade and payment and promote orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India. India's total foreign exchange (forex) reserves stand at around US$704.89 billion on 27 September 2024, with the foreign currency assets (FCA) component at around US$616 billion, gold reserves at around US$65.7 billion, special drawing rights (SDRs) with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) of around US$18.547 billion and around US$4.3 billion rese ...
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Financial Asset
A financial asset is a non-physical asset whose value is derived from a contractual claim, such as deposit (finance), bank deposits, bond (finance), bonds, and participations in companies' share capital. Financial assets are usually more market liquidity, liquid than tangible property, tangible assets, such as commodities or real estate. The opposite of financial assets is Non-financial asset, non-financial assets, which include both tangible property (sometimes also called real assets) such as land, real estate or commodities, and Intangible asset, intangible assets such as intellectual property, including copyrights, patents, trademarks and data. Types According to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), a financial asset can be: * Cash or cash equivalent, * Equity (finance), Equity instruments of another entity, * Contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset from another entity or to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with anot ...
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Swiss Alps, Alps and the Jura Mountains, Jura; the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, whereas most of the country's Demographics of Switzerland, 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts List of cities in Switzerland, its largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of Cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. It has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh language, Romansh. Although most Swiss are German-speaking, national identity is fairly cohesive, being rooted in a common historical background, shared ...
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List Of The Largest Trading Partners Of India
A list is a Set (mathematics), set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of ''The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, ...
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List Of Exports Of India
For information on exports, see Export. For Harmonized Codes, see Harmonized System. The following is a list of export product categories that were exported the most and fetched foreign currency for India. The list includes the HS Codes and the value of the product exported. The data referenced in the system do not have any legal sanctity and is for general reference only. List of exports 2022 The following is the list of top 20 export product categories. Data is in millions of United States dollars for 2022, as reported by International Trade Centre. List of exports 2017 The following is the list of top 20 export product categories. Data is in millions of United States dollars for 2017, as reported by Department of Commerce, Government of India. List of exports 2016 The following is the list of top twenty export product categories. Data is for 2016, in millions of United States dollars, as reported by Department of Commerce, Government of India. List of exports ...
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Foreign Trade Of India
Foreign may refer to: Government * Foreign policy, how a country interacts with other countries * Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in many countries ** Foreign Office, a department of the UK government ** Foreign office and foreign minister * United States state law, a legal matter in another state Science and technology * Foreign accent syndrome, a side effect of severe brain injury * Foreign key, a constraint in a relational database Arts and entertainment * Foreign film or world cinema, films and film industries of non-English-speaking countries * Foreign music or world music * Foreign literature or world literature * ''Foreign Policy'', a magazine Music * "Foreign", a song by Jessica Mauboy from her 2010 album ''Get 'Em Girls ''Get 'Em Girls'' is the second studio album by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, released on 24 August 2010 by Sony. Mauboy recorded the album in Los Angeles, New York City and Atlanta. She worked with various American songwriters an ...'' * ...
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Business Process Outsourcing To India
Business process outsourcing to India refers to the business process outsourcing services in the outsourcing industry in India, catering mainly to Western operations of multinational corporations (MNCs). As of 2012, around 2.8 million people work in outsourcing sector. Annual revenues are around $11 billion, around 1% of GDP. Around 2.5 million people graduate in India every year. Wages are rising by 10–15 percent as a result of skill shortage. As of 2021, revenue of Indian BPO industry was estimated at US$ 38 billion. Government of India has launched India BPO Promotion Scheme (IBPS) as part of Digital India initiative to encourage job creation in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities. India's BPO Industry handles 56% of the world's business process outsourcing. History Amex In the second half of the 1980s, American Express consolidated its JAPAC (Japan and Asia Pacific) back office operations into Gurgaon region. General Electric In the 1990s Jack Welch was influenced by K.P. Singh, ...
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Remittances To India
Remittances to India are money transfers (called remittance) from non-resident Indians (NRIs) employed outside the country to family, friends or relatives residing in India. India is the world's top receiver of remittances, claiming more than 12% of the world's remittances in 2015. Remittances to India stood at billion in 2023, up from billion in 2017. Remittances from India to other countries totalled billion in 2017, for a net inflow of billion in 2017. As per the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA), remittance is received from the approximately 35 million members of the Indian diaspora. Remittances to India have long been a cornerstone of the nation's economy, significantly contributing to household incomes, economic stability, and overall development. These financial transfers from non-resident Indians (NRIs) are vital not only for the families receiving them but also for the broader economic landscape of the country. As one of the largest recipients of remitt ...
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Economy Of India
The economy of India is a Developing country, developing mixed economy with a notable public sector in strategic sectors. * * * * It is the world's fourth-largest economy by gross domestic product, nominal GDP and the third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP); on a per capita income basis, India ranked List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita, 136th by GDP (nominal) and List of countries by GDP per capita (PPP), 119th by GDP (PPP). From Independence of India, independence in 1947 until 1991, successive governments followed the Economy of the Soviet Union, Soviet model and promoted Protectionism, protectionist economic policies, with extensive Sovietization, state intervention, demand-side economics, natural resources, bureaucrat-driven enterprises and economic regulation. This is characterised as dirigism, in the form of the Licence Raj. The end of the Cold War and an acute 1991 Indian economic crisis, balance of payments crisis in 1991 led to the adoption of a broa ...
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Foreign Exchange Reserves Of China
The foreign exchange reserves of China are the state of foreign exchange reserves held by the People's Republic of China, comprising cash, bank deposits, bonds, and other financial assets denominated in currencies other than China's national currency (the renminbi). As of May 2025, China's foreign exchange reserves totaled US$3.285 trillion, which is the highest foreign exchange reserves of any country. The management of foreign exchange reserves is governed by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) and the People's Bank of China.About the PBC
, People's Bank of China website


Size and composition

China's foreign exchange reserves are held by



Indian Forex Reserves
Indian or Indians may refer to: Associated with India * of or related to India ** Indian people ** Indian diaspora ** Languages of India ** Indian English, a dialect of the English language ** Indian cuisine Associated with indigenous peoples of the Americas * Indigenous peoples of the Americas ** First Nations in Canada ** Native Americans in the United States ** Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean ** Indigenous languages of the Americas Places * Indian, West Virginia, U.S. * The Indians, an archipelago of islets in the British Virgin Islands Arts and entertainment Film * ''Indian'' (film series), a Tamil-language film series ** ''Indian'' (1996 film) * ''Indian'' (2001 film), a Hindi-language film Music * Indians (musician), Danish singer Søren Løkke Juul * "The Indian", an unreleased song by Basshunter * "Indian" (song), by Sturm und Drang, 2007 * "Indians" (song), by Anthrax, 1987 * Indians, a song by Gojira from the 2003 album '' The Link'' Other uses in ...
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Reserve Tranche Position
A country's Reserve Tranche Position (RTP) is the difference between the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) holdings of that country's currency and the country's IMF-designated quota. Background The primary means of financing the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is through members' quotas. Each member of the IMF is assigned a quota (membership fee), part of which is payable in special drawing rights (SDRs) or specified usable currencies ("reserve assets"), and part in the member's own currency. The difference between a member's quota and the IMF's holdings of its currency is a country's Reserve Tranche Position (RTP). Reserve Tranche Position is accounted among a country's foreign-exchange reserves. Part of the quota can be withdrawn from the IMF without any interest during critical situations of a country such as Balance of Payment (BOP) crises. This part of the money which can be withdrawn without any interest is the RTP. See also * Financial Transactions Plan * Enhanced s ...
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Special Drawing Rights
Special drawing rights (SDRs, code ) are supplementary foreign exchange reserve assets defined and maintained by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). SDRs are units of account for the IMF, and not a currency ''per se''. They represent a claim to currency held by IMF member countries for which they may be exchanged. SDRs were created in 1969 to supplement a shortfall of preferred foreign exchange reserve assets, namely gold and U.S. dollars. The ISO 4217 currency code for special drawing rights is and the numeric code is ''960''. SDRs are allocated by the IMF to countries, and cannot be held or used by private parties. The number of SDRs in existence was around XDR 21.4 billion in August 2009. During the 2008 financial crisis, an additional XDR 182.6 billion was allocated to "provide liquidity to the global economic system and supplement member countries' official reserves". By October 2014, the number of SDRs in existence was XDR 204 billion. Due ...
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