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Felis Wenzensis
''Felis wenzensis'' is an extinct species of Felidae, cat that was described based on fossils from the Pliocene-aged Węże 1 locality in Poland. It is known from only one specimen, a partial left mandibular ramus, and is distinguished from the closely related felines ''Felis lunensis'' and ''Felis silvestris'' (the modern European wildcat) by its larger teeth. History and naming The holotype fossil was collected from the Węże, Łódź Voivodeship, Węże locality, from the northern end of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, Kraków-Wieluń Upland in Poland. It was described as the new species ''Felis wenzensis'' by paleontologist Jan Stach in 1961. The species name ''wenzensis'' means "from Węże". Another set of fossils from the late Early Pleistocene site of Somssich Hill 2 in Hungary were described as similar in size to ''Felis wenzensis'', but were assigned to ''Felis'' cf. ''lunensis'' due to their younger age. Description The holotype and only specimen is the front part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliocene
The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch (geology), epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.33 to 2.58See the 2014 version of the ICS geologic time scale million years ago (Ma). It is the second and most recent epoch of the Neogene Period in the Cenozoic, Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by the Pleistocene Epoch. Prior to the 2009 revision of the geologic time scale, which placed the four most recent major glaciations entirely within the Pleistocene, the Pliocene also included the Gelasian Stage, which lasted from 2.59 to 1.81 Ma, and is now included in the Pleistocene. As with other older geologic periods, the Stratum, geological strata that define the start and end are well-identified but the exact dates of the start a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felis Lunensis
''Felis lunensis,'' or the Martelli's cat is an extinct felid of the subfamily Felinae. Evolution and taxonomy Around 12 million years ago, the genus ''Felis'' appeared and eventually gave rise to many of the modern small cats. ''Felis lunensis'' was one of the first modern ''Felis'' species, appearing around 2.5 million years ago in the Pliocene. Fossil specimens of ''F. lunensis'' have been recovered in Italy and Hungary. Fossil evidence suggests the modern European wildcat ''Felis silvestris'' may have evolved from ''F. lunensis'' during the Middle Pleistocene. This has resulted in ''F. lunensis'' occasionally being considered a subspecies of ''Felis silvestris''. ''Felis lunensis'' first described by Alessandro Martelli in 1906 was a mandible excavated in Pliocene deposits near Olivola in Tuscany. The holotype specimen is now preserved in the collection of the University of Florence The University of Florence ( Italian: ''Università degli Studi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cervus Warthae
''Cervus'' is a genus of deer that primarily are native to Eurasia, although one species occurs in northern Africa and another in North America. In addition to the species presently placed in this genus, it has included a whole range of other species now commonly placed in other genera. Additionally, the species-level taxonomy is in a state of flux. Taxonomy Genus Until the 1970s, ''Cervus'' also included the members of the genera ''Axis'', '' Dama'', and ''Elaphurus'', and until the late 1980s, it included members of ''Rucervus'' and '' Rusa''. Species In the third edition of ''Mammal Species of the World'' from 2005, only the red deer (''C. elaphus'') and sika deer (''C. nippon'') were recognized as species in the genus ''Cervus''. Genetic and morphological evidence suggest more species should be recognized. For example, the species ''Cervus canadensis'' (elk/wapiti) is considered a separate species. Red deer species group Within the red deer species group, some sources ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicerorhinus
''Dicerorhinus'' (Greek: "two" (dio), "horn" (keratos), "nose" (rhinos)) is a genus of the family Rhinocerotidae, consisting of a single extant species, the two-horned Sumatran rhinoceros (''D. sumatrensis''), and several extinct species. The genus likely originated from the Late Miocene of central Myanmar. Many species previously placed in this genus probably belong elsewhere''.'' Taxonomy Species provisionally considered valid include: * †''Dicerorhinus fusuiensis'' originally described as ''Rhinoceros'' ''fusuiensis'' Early Pleistocene, South China. * †''Dicerorhinus gwebinensis'' Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein et al., 2008 Known from a skull of Pliocene-Early Pleistocene age found in Myanmar. Some authors have considered the skull not distinguishable from that of ''D. sumatrensis''. Historically, ''Dicerorhinus'' was a wastebasket taxon. Revisions by several authors over the years have removed many species: Transferred to ''Stephanorhinus ''Stephanorhinus'' is an extinct genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hystrix Primigenia
''Hystrix primigenia'' is an extinct species of Old World porcupine that lived during the Late Miocene and Pliocene. Fossils of this species were recovered mainly from southern Europe, from Spain to Turkey and North Africa as well. The earliest fossils were found in Greece and the Balkan peninsula. ''Hystrix primigenia'' was much larger than living porcupines, perhaps as much as twice the size of the largest living species. It probably descended from a smaller, more primitive species known as ''Hystrix suevica Hystrix may refer to: * Ichthyosis hystrix, a class of rare skin disorder characterized by massive hyperkeratosis with an appearance like spiny scales Biology * ''Hystrix'' (diatom) , a diatom genus * ''Hystrix'' (plant) , a plant genus in the ...''. ''Hystrix primigenia'' seems to have been adapted to warm dry climate, and inhabited areas rich in forests and open woodland environments. References Prehistoric rodents Miocene rodents Pliocene rodents Miocene ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypolagus
''Hypolagus'' is an extinct genus of lagomorph, first recorded in the Hemingfordian (early to middle Miocene) of North America. It entered Asia during the early Turolian and spread to Europe not much later, where it survived until the Middle Pleistocene. Though unknown in the Iberian Peninsula, fossils of this genus have been found in the Balearic Islands, suggesting an eastern migration during the dry period in the Mediterranean region known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis.Quintana et al. (2010) "Presence of ''Hypolagus'' Dice, 1917 (Mammalia, Lagomorpha) in the Neogene of the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean): Description of ''Hypolagus balearicus'' nov. sp.". Geobios 43, 555-567 ''Hypolagus'' generally shows features intermediate between rabbits and hares. ''Hypolagus balearicus'' was the smallest species at and showed several peculiar features, such as short elbow-to-humerus ratio and robustness of the ulna. Species Many species of ''Hypolagus'' have been descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodent
Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the Order (biology), order Rodentia ( ), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and Mandible, lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are native to all major land masses except for Antarctica, and several oceanic islands, though they have subsequently been introduced to most of these land masses by human activity. Rodents are extremely diverse in their ecology and lifestyles and can be found in almost every terrestrial habitat, including human-made environments. Species can be arboreal, fossorial (burrowing), saltatorial/ricochetal (leaping on their hind legs), or semiaquatic. However, all rodents share several morphological features, including having only a single upper and lower pair of ever-growing incisors. Well-known rodents include Mouse, mice, rats, squirrels, prairie dogs, porcupines, beavers, Cavia, guinea pigs, and hamsters. Once included wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mole-rat
Mole-rat or mole rat can refer to several groups of burrowing Old World rodents: * Bathyergidae, a family of about 20 hystricognath species in six genera from Africa also called blesmols. *'' Heterocephalus glaber'', the naked mole-rat. * Spalacidae, a family of about 30 muroid species in six genera from Eurasia and northeast Africa, including: **'' Tachyoryctes'', a genus of about 15 species from Africa; ** Blind mole rats (Spalacinae), a subfamily of about 15 living species in the genus '' Spalax'' from southeastern Europe, southwestern Asia, and northeastern Africa; ** Zokors (Myospalacinae), occasionally called mole-rats, about eight species from central and eastern Asia. * In the family Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. ...: ** '' Nesokia indica'' from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mole (animal)
Moles are small, fossorial, subterranean mammals. They have cylindrical bodies, velvety fur, very small, inconspicuous eyes and ears, reduced hindlimbs, and short, powerful forelimbs with large paws adapted for digging. The word "mole" most commonly refers to many species in the family Talpidae (which are named after the Latin word for mole, ''talpa''). True moles are found in most parts of North America, Europe (except for Ireland) and Asia. Other mammals referred to as moles include the African Golden mole, golden moles and the Australian Marsupial mole, marsupial moles, which have a similar ecology and lifestyle to true moles but are unrelated. Moles may be viewed as pests to gardeners, but they provide positive contributions to soil, gardens, and ecosystems, including soil aeration, feeding on slugs and small creatures that eat plant roots, and providing prey for other wildlife. They eat earthworms and other small invertebrates in the soil. Terminology In Middle English, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desman
Desmans are aquatic insectivores of the tribe Desmanini (also considered a subfamily, Desmaninae) in the mole (animal), mole family, Talpidae. This tribe consists of two living species found in Europe: the Russian desman (''Desmana moschata'') in European Russia, and the Pyrenean desman (''Galemys pyrenaicus'') in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees. Both species are Endangered species, endangered, the Russian desman Critically Endangered, critically so. They have webbed paws and their front paws are not well-adapted for digging. Desmans were much more diverse and widespread during the Miocene, with two genera, ''Gaillardia (mole), Gaillardia'' and ''Magnatalpa'', being present in North America. Both living species are thought to have derived from the fossil genus ''Archaeodesmana.'' Species *Genus ''Desmana'' **Russian desman (''D. moschata'') **†''Desmana kowalskae'' **†''Desmana nehringi'' **†''Desmana inflata'' **†''Desmana thermalis'' **†''Des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
