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Eleventh Amendment Of The Constitution Of Ireland
The Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution Act 1992 (previously bill no. 12 of 1992) is an amendment to the Constitution of Ireland permitted the state to ratify the Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty. It was approved by referendum on 18 June 1992 and signed into law on 16 July of the same year. Overview The Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution was one of a number of amendments that have been made to expressly permit the state to ratify changes to the founding treaties of the European Union (then known as the European Community) (others have been the Tenth, Eighteenth, Twenty-sixth and the Twenty-eighth Amendments). These amendments were all adopted because of the finding of the Supreme Court in '' Crotty v. An Taoiseach'' (1987) that major changes to the treaties are unconstitutional unless accompanied by an amendment. The Eleventh Amendment was introduced by a Fianna Fáil–Progressive Democrats coalition government and was also suppor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bill (law)
A bill is proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature. A bill does not become law until it is passed by the legislature as well as, in most cases, approved by the executive. Once a bill has been enacted into law, it is called an '' act of the legislature'', or a ''statute''. Bills are introduced in the legislature and are discussed, debated and voted upon. Usage The word ''bill'' is primarily used in Anglophone United Kingdom and United States, the parts of a bill are known as ''clauses'', until it has become an act of parliament, from which time the parts of the law are known as ''sections''. In Napoleonic law nations (including France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain and Portugal), a proposed law may be known as a "law project" (Fr. ''projet de loi''), which is a government-introduced bill, or a "law proposition" (Fr. ''proposition de loi''), a private member's bill. For example the Dutch parliamentary system does not make this terminological distinction (''wetsontw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Party (Ireland)
The Green Party ( ga, Comhaontas Glas, , Green Alliance) is a green political party that operates in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. As other like-minded Green parties, it has eco-socialist/green left and more moderate factions. It holds a pro-European stance. It was founded as the Ecology Party of Ireland in 1981 by Dublin teacher Christopher Fettes. The party became the Green Alliance in 1983 and adopted its current English language name in 1987 while the Irish name was kept unchanged. The party leader is Eamon Ryan, and the deputy leader is Catherine Martin and the Cathoirleach (chairperson) is Pauline O'Reilly. Green Party candidates have been elected to most levels of representation: local government (in both the Republic and Northern Ireland), Dáil Éireann, the Northern Ireland Assembly, and the European Parliament. The Green Party first entered the Dáil in 1989. It has participated in the Irish government twice, from 2007 to 2011 as junior partner in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cork South-Central (Dáil Constituency)
Cork South-Central is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 4 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History and boundaries The constituency was created under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1980 and first used at the 1981 general election, taking in parts of the former Cork City and Cork Mid constituencies. It is a mixed urban-rural constituency encompassing the south of Cork City, county towns and a rural hinterland. It encompasses the electoral areas of Cork City south of the river Lee, together with most of the Carrigaline electoral area of County Cork, including the Ringaskiddy and Passage West areas. TDs Elections 2020 general election 2016 general election 2011 general election ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cork North-West (Dáil Constituency)
Cork North-West is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 3 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History and boundaries The constituency was created by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1980 and first used at the 1981 general election. It is a large rural 3-seat constituency. Due to its size and landscape it is considered one of the most difficult constituencies to canvass in Ireland. The constituency encompasses the western part of Ireland's largest county of Cork. It runs from Charleville and Rockchapel in the north to Ballingeary, Crookstown and Crossbarry in the south, and also takes in parts of the Mallow and Fermoy electoral areas. TDs Elections 2020 general election 2016 general election 2011 general elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cork North-Central (Dáil Constituency)
Cork North-Central is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 4 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History and boundaries The constituency was created under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1980 and first used at the 1981 general election, taking in parts of the former Cork City and Cork Mid constituencies. It is a mixed urban-rural constituency made up of the Cork North Central, Cork North East and Cork North West local electoral areas of Cork City north of the River Lee, and much of the Blarney local electoral area of County Cork. TDs Elections 2020 general election 2019 by-election A by-election was held in the constituency on 29 November 2019, to fill the seat vacated by Billy Kelleher on his election t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cork East (Dáil Constituency)
Cork East is a parliamentary constituency in County Cork represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 4 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History and boundaries The constituency was first created in 1923 under the Electoral Act 1923 as a 4-seat constituency and was first used for the 1923 general election. It was abolished under the Electoral (Revision of Constituencies) Act 1935. It was recreated under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1947 as a 3-seat constituency and used for the 1948 general election until it was abolished under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1961. It was recreated under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1980 as a 4-seat constituency for the 1981 general election, and has been used at all elections since then. The constituency runs from Mitchelstown and Mallow in the north of Coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clare (Dáil Constituency)
Clare is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 4 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History Clare is historically a Fianna Fáil stronghold. The party founder Éamon de Valera served the constituency for 38 years, from 1921 to 1959, for many years of that time as Taoiseach and then, on his resignation as a TD, as president of Ireland. From 1917 to 1922 he had been Sinn Féin Westminster MP for the preceding constituency of East Clare. His granddaughter, Síle de Valera, represented the constituency from 1987 to 2007. Other notable former deputies include Patrick Hillery (later president 1976–1990), the long-serving Ceann Comhairle (chairman of the Dáil) Patrick Hogan and Moosajee Bhamjee, the first Muslim TD. Boundaries The constituency was created by the Gov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavan–Monaghan (Dáil Constituency)
Cavan–Monaghan is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 5 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History and boundaries It was created under the terms of the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1974 and was first used at the 1977 general election. The constituency includes the entire area of both County Cavan and County Monaghan, taking in Cavan town, Monaghan town, Clones, Cootehill, Belturbet, Bailieborough, Castleblayney and Carrickmacross. At the 2016 general election, 36 electoral divisions in the west of County Cavan were transferred to the Sligo–Leitrim constituency and Cavan–Monaghan became a 4-seat constituency. This was reversed by the Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017, which provided that at the next Irish general election, which took place ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlow–Kilkenny (Dáil Constituency)
Carlow–Kilkenny is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 5 deputies ( Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). History and boundaries The constituency of Carlow–Kilkenny has been used at Irish elections since the election of the Second Dáil at the 1921 general election. Prior to Irish independence, elections to the UK Parliament were held in three single-seat constituencies, known as Carlow, Kilkenny North and Kilkenny South, and it was these three constituencies that elected members of the First Dáil. Carlow–Kilkenny did not exist between 1937 and 1948, when it was replaced by the constituencies of Carlow–Kildare and Kilkenny. From the 2020 general election, the constituency has spanned the entire area of County Kilkenny and the entire area of County Carlow, taking in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Department Of Housing, Planning And Local Government
The Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage ( ga, An Roinn Tithíochta, Rialtais Áitiúil agus Oidhreachta) is a department of the Government of Ireland. It is led by the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage who is assisted by three Ministers of State. Departmental team The official headquarters and ministerial offices of the department are in The Custom House, Dublin. The departmental team consists of the following: *Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage: Darragh O'Brien, TD ** Minister of State for Local Government and Planning: Peter Burke, TD ** Minister of State for Heritage and Electoral Reform: Malcolm Noonan, TD *Secretary General of the Department: Graham Doyle Overview The official headquarters and ministerial offices of the department are in The Custom House, Dublin 1. The department is responsible for, among other matters: *housing *the Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland *local authorities and related s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single European Act
The Single European Act (SEA) was the first major revision of the 1957 Treaty of Rome. The Act set the European Community an objective of establishing a single market by 31 December 1992, and a forerunner of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) it helped codify European Political Co-operation. The amending treaty was signed at Luxembourg City on 17 February 1986 and at The Hague on 28 February 1986. It came into effect on 1 July 1987, under the Delors Commission. A core element of the SEA was to create a single market within the European Community by 1992, when – it was hoped – the necessary legislative reforms would have been completed. The belief was that in removing non-tariff barriers to cross-border intra-Community trade and investment such measures would provide the twelve Member States a broad economic stimulus. To facilitate their removal, the SEA reformed the Community legislative process both by introducing the cooperation procedure an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Atomic Energy Community
The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) is an international organisation established by the Euratom Treaty on 25 March 1957 with the original purpose of creating a specialist market for nuclear power in Europe, by developing nuclear energy and distributing it to its member states while selling the surplus to non-member states. However, over the years its scope has been considerably increased to cover a large variety of areas associated with nuclear power and ionising radiation as diverse as safeguarding of nuclear materials, radiation protection and construction of the International Fusion Reactor ITER. It is legally distinct from the European Union (EU) although it has the same membership, and is governed by many of the EU's institutions; but it is the only remaining community organisation that is independent of the EU and therefore outside the regulatory control of the European Parliament. Since 2014, Switzerland has also participated in Euratom programmes as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
