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Evolutionary Neuroandrogenic Theory
The evolutionary neuroandrogenic (ENA) theory is a conceptual framework which seeks to explain trends in violent and criminal behavior from an evolutionary and biological perspective. It was first proposed by the sociologist Lee Ellis in 2005 in his paper "A Theory Explaining Biological Correlates of Criminality" published in the ''European Journal of Criminology''. Since then, it has expanded into an interdisciplinary field that intersects biology, psychology, and sociology. The theory rests on two propositions. The first is that in human mating behavior, females prefer males that appear to be more competent providers of resources, and so males exhibit increased competitive behavior than females to obtain access to those resources. The second is that biological mechanisms (namely increased presence of androgens) lead to differential development in the male brain which then mediates the increased competitive behaviors that cause criminality. Though it was originally intended to expl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ENA Theory Updated
Ena or ENA may refer to: Education * École nationale d'administration, French Grande école, for civil service * Education Networks of America, Internet service provider Government and politics * English National Association, a former political party * Ensame Nacionalista Astur, a defunct political party in Spain * Ethiopian News Agency, of the Government of Ethiopia * ''Étoile Nord-Africaine'' (The North African Star), a former Algerian nationalist organization People Given name or nickname * Ena von Baer (born 1974), Chilean journalist, political scientist and senator * Ena Baga (1906–2004), British pianist and theatre organist * Ena Begović (1960–2000), Croatian actress * Ena Sandra Causevic (born 1989), Danish model * Ena Cremona (1936–2024), Maltese judge at the European Union General Court * Ena de Silva (1922–2015), Sri Lankan artist * Ena Fitzgerald (1889-1962), English novelist, poet * Ena Fujita (born 1990), Japanese musician and model * Ena Gregory ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limbic System
The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the forebrain.Schacter, Daniel L. 2012. ''Psychology''.sec. 3.20 Its various components support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long-term memory, and olfaction. The limbic system is involved in lower order emotional processing of input from sensory systems and consists of the amygdala, mammillary bodies, stria medullaris, central gray and dorsal and ventral nuclei of Gudden. This processed information is often relayed to a collection of structures from the telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon, including the prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, limbic thalamus, hippocampus including the parahippocampal gyrus and subiculum, nucleus accumbens (limbic striatum), anterior hypothalamus, ventral tegmental area, midbrain raphe nuclei, habenular commi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Criminology
Criminology (from Latin , 'accusation', and Ancient Greek , ''-logia'', from λόγος ''logos'', 'word, reason') is the interdisciplinary study of crime and deviant behaviour. Criminology is a multidisciplinary field in both the behavioural and social sciences, which draws primarily upon the research of sociologists, political scientists, economists, legal sociologists, psychologists, philosophers, psychiatrists, social workers, biologists, social anthropologists, scholars of law and jurisprudence, as well as the processes that define administration of justice and the criminal justice system. The interests of criminologists include the study of the nature of crime and criminals, origins of criminal law, etiology of crime, social reaction to crime, and the functioning of law enforcement agencies and the penal institutions. It can be broadly said that criminology directs its inquiries along three lines: first, it investigates the nature of criminal law and its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aggression And Violent Behavior
''Aggression and Violent Behavior'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the study of violent behavior. It was established in 1996 and is published by Elsevier. The editor-in-chief is Izabela Zych ( Universidad de Córdoba). Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences * Social Sciences Citation Index * Sociological Abstracts * Scopus According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 4.874. References External links *{{Official website, http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aggression-and-violent-behavior Criminology journals Elsevier academic journals Bimonthly journals Academic journals established in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4D Digit Ratio
4D or 4-D primarily refers to: * 4-dimensional spacetime: three-dimensional space of length, width, and height, plus time * Four-dimensional space It may also refer to: Computers and photography * 4D (software), a complete programming environment including database and web server ** 4D SAS, developers of 4D and Wakanda ** 4D Inc, a US-based subsidiary of 4D SAS * 4D BIM, a term used in computer aided design * 4D printing * Cinema 4D, a commercial cross platform 3D graphics application * SGI IRIS 4D, a line of workstations from Silicon Graphics * 4D, a photo print size for digital cameras Arts and entertainment * ''4D'' (album), a 2010 album by Matthew Shipp * "4-D" (''The X-Files''), an episode of ''The X-Files'' * 4D Audio Recording system, an audio recording system developed by Deutsche Grammophon * 4D film, a high technology film experience augmented with physical or environmental effects * 4DTV, a satellite TV broadcasting technology from Motorola * 4DX, a 4D film ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hand Zur Abmessung 2D4D
A hand is a prehensile, multi-fingered appendage located at the end of the forearm or forelimb of primates such as humans, chimpanzees, monkeys, and lemurs. A few other vertebrates such as the koala (which has two opposable thumbs on each "hand" and fingerprints extremely similar to human fingerprints) are often described as having "hands" instead of paws on their front limbs. The raccoon is usually described as having "hands" though opposable thumbs are lacking. Some evolutionary anatomists use the term ''hand'' to refer to the appendage of digits on the forelimb more generally—for example, in the context of whether the three digits of the bird hand involved the same homologous loss of two digits as in the dinosaur hand. The human hand usually has five digits: four fingers plus one thumb; however, these are often referred to collectively as five fingers, whereby the thumb is included as one of the fingers. It has 27 bones, not including the sesamoid bone, the number of w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hunter-gatherer
A hunter-gatherer or forager is a human living in a community, or according to an ancestrally derived Lifestyle, lifestyle, in which most or all food is obtained by foraging, that is, by gathering food from local naturally occurring sources, especially wild edible plants but also insects, Fungus, fungi, Honey hunting, honey, Eggs as food, bird eggs, or anything safe to eat, or by hunting game (pursuing or trapping and killing Wildlife, wild animals, including Fishing, catching fish). This is a common practice among most vertebrates that are omnivores. Hunter-gatherer Society, societies stand in contrast to the more Sedentism, sedentary Agrarian society, agricultural societies, which rely mainly on cultivating crops and raising domesticated animals for food production, although the boundaries between the two ways of living are not completely distinct. Hunting and gathering was humanity's original and most enduring successful Competition (biology), competitive adaptation in the nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-collar Crime
The term "white-collar crime" refers to financially motivated, nonviolent or non-directly violent crime committed by individuals, businesses and government professionals. The crimes are believed to be committed by middle- or upper-class individuals for financial gains. It was first defined by the sociologist Edwin Sutherland in 1939 as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation". Typical white-collar crimes could include wage theft, fraud, bribery, Ponzi schemes, insider trading, racketeering, labor racketeering, embezzlement, cybercrime, copyright infringement, money laundering, identity theft, and forgery. White-collar crime overlaps with corporate crime. Definitional issues Modern criminology generally prefers to classify the type of crime and the topic: *By the type of offense, e.g., property crime, Financial crimes, economic crime, and other corporate crimes like environmental law, environmental and health and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moral Reasoning
Moral reasoning is the study of how people think about right and wrong and how they acquire and apply moral rules. It is a subdiscipline of moral psychology that overlaps with moral philosophy, and is the foundation of descriptive ethics. Moral reasoning was a psychological idea that was pointed out by Lawrence Kohlberg, an American psychologist and graduate of The University of Chicago, who expanded Piaget’s theory. Lawrence states that there are three levels of moral reasoning: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. According to a research article published by Nature, “To capture such individual differences in moral development, Kohlberg’s theory classified moral development into three levels: pre-conventional level (motivated by self-interest); conventional level (motivated by maintaining social-order, rules and laws); and post-conventional level (motivated by social contract and universal ethical principles).”Fang, Z., Jung, W.H., Korczykowski, M. et al. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Episodic Dyscontrol Syndrome
Episodic may refer to: * The nature of television series that are divided into short programs known as episodes * Episodic memory, types of memory that result from specific incidents in a lifetime * Episodic writing, a publishing format by which a single large work is presented in contiguous (typically chronological) installments * Episodic video game An episodic video game is a video game of a shorter length that is commercially released as an installment to a continuous and larger series. Episodic games differ from conventional video games in that they often contain less content but are devel ..., a video game of a shorter length that is commercially released as an installment See also * {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Buss
David Michael Buss (born April 14, 1953) is an American evolutionary psychologist at the University of Texas at Austin, researching human sex differences in mate selection. He is considered one of the founders of evolutionary psychology. Biography Buss earned his PhD in psychology at University of California, Berkeley in 1981. Before becoming a professor at the University of Texas, he was assistant professor for four years at Harvard University and a professor at the University of Michigan for eleven years. The primary topics of his research include male mating strategies, conflict between the sexes, social status, social reputation, prestige, the emotion of jealousy, homicide, anti-homicide defenses, and—most recently—stalking. All of these are approached from an evolutionary perspective. Buss is the author of more than 200 scientific articles and has won many awards, including an APA Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contribution to Psychology in 1988 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lee Ellis
Altis Lee Ellis (born March 1, 1942) is an American sociologist who was a professor of sociology at Minot State University from 1976 to 2007. He was also an assistant and associate professor there from 1976 to 2009, after which he served as a visiting professor at the University of Malaya from 2010 to 2012. Education Ellis grew up on a farm near Iola, Kansas. He received his B.A. in sociology from Pittsburg State University in Kansas in 1966, where he went on to receive his M.S. in sociology in 1970. He then received his Ph.D. in criminology from Florida State University in 1983. Research Ellis is known for researching the potential biological roots of sexual orientation Sexual orientation is an enduring personal pattern of romantic attraction or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. Patterns ar ..., and organized a conference on the subject that occurred in M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
