Decision On The Capital Of Germany
The capital resolution () was made by the German Bundestag on 20 June 1991, as a result of German reunification, to move its headquarters, as well as the headquarters of half the federal ministries, from Bonn to Berlin. Ministries which remained in Bonn, such as the Federal Ministry of Defence, established secondary offices in Berlin; likewise the seats in Bonn turned to second offices for ministries which moved to Berlin. The term ''capital resolution'' is misleading, since Berlin had already become the capital of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1990 as one of the stipulations of the Unification Treaty, and the resolution was to make it the seat of government as well. Decision and implementation Background and vote . Stop the relocation madness." With the reunification of Germany, the newly reunified Berlin became Germany's capital once again, a status it had held from the foundation of Germany 1871 to the fall of the German Reich 1945. However, the seat of government rem ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
German Bundestag
The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet") is the lower house of the German federal parliament. It is the only constitutional body of the federation directly elected by the German people. The Bundestag was established by Title III of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany () in 1949 as one of the legislative bodies of Germany, the other being the Bundesrat. It is thus the historical successor to the earlier Reichstag. The members of the Bundestag are representatives of the German people as a whole, are not bound by any orders or instructions and are only accountable to their conscience. As of the current 21st legislative period, the Bundestag has a fixed number of 630 members. The Bundestag is elected every four years by German citizens aged 18 and older. Elections use a mixed-member proportional representation system which combines First-past-the-post voting for constituency-seats with proportional representation to ensure its composition mirrors the national popular vo ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Oscar Schneider
Oscar Schneider (3 June 1927 – 29 December 2024) was a German politician (CSU). From 1982 to 1989 he was Federal Minister for Regional Planning, Building and Urban Development. Background Schneider was born on 3 June 1927 in Altenheideck in Middle Franconia as the son of a farmer in a family of 10 children. In addition to the farm, his father also owned a trucking company and a concrete block factory. Schneider died on 29 December 2024, at the age of 97. World War II In 1944 he was called up to the Reich Labour Service and the Air Force. The seventeen-year-old was wounded in the Battle of Berlin, but escaped towards Magdeburg on 29 April 1945. After a short American captivity, he was able to return home. Politics Schneider was a member of the CSU from 1953. From 1957 to 1991 he was a member of its state board. He was also chairman of the CSU district association in Nuremberg-Fürth for many years. From 1956 he was a member of the Nuremberg city council and chairman ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Wolfgang Schäuble
Wolfgang Schäuble (; 18 September 1942 – 26 December 2023) was a German politician whose political career spanned more than five decades. A member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), he was the longest-serving member of any democratic German parliament. Schäuble served as the 13th president of the Bundestag from 2017 to 2021. Born in Freiburg im Breisgau in 1942, Schäuble studied at both the University of Freiburg and the University of Hamburg and subsequently began a career in law at the district court of Offenburg in 1978. His political career began in 1969 as a member of the Junge Union, the youth division of the CDU and CSU; in 1972, Schäuble was elected to the Bundestag by winning the constituency seat of Offenburg, and he was a member of the Bundestag until his death. His ministerial career began in 1984 when he was appointed minister for special affairs by chancellor Helmut Kohl. In a 1989 reshuffle, Schäuble was appointed minister of the interior, and he ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Günther Krause
Günther Krause (born 3 September 1953) is a German engineer, academic, politician and businessman. After the Peaceful Revolution, he entered politics, serving in the Volkskammer and as a senior adviser to Minister-President Lothar de Maizière. In that role, he was a co-signatory to the Unification Treaty. After German reunification, he was elected to the Bundestag and served in various roles in the Helmut Kohl government. He served as Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany, Minister for Special Affairs from 1990 to 1991 and then as Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, Minister of Transport from 1991 to 1993. He resigned from the office due to numerous scandals. Legal problems and scandals followed after his career in politics, earning him the nickname ''Sause-Krause''. Former Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel was his protégée. As leader of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany, Christian Democratic Union (CDU) in Mecklenburg-Vorpommer ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
CDU/CSU
CDU/CSU, unofficially the Union parties ( ) or the Union, is a centre-right Christian democratic and conservative political alliance of two political parties in Germany: the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) and the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). The CSU contests elections only in Bavaria, while the CDU operates in the other 15 states of Germany. The CSU also reflects the particular concerns of the largely rural, Catholic south."Christian Democrat Union/Christian Social Union" Country Studies, Germany. Retrieved 18 December 2016. While the two Christian Democratic parties are commonly described as sister parties, they have shared a common parliamentary group, the CDU/CSU Parliamentary Group, in the German [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Rainer Ortleb
Rainer Ortleb (born 5 June 1944) is a German academic and politician. From October 1990 he served under Helmut Kohl as a Federal Minister for Special Affairs in Germany's first post-reunification government. In the next government, between 1991 and 1994, he served as Federal Minister of Education and Research. Life Early years Ortleb was born directly after the war in the eastern part of Thuringia, then a part of the Soviet occupation zone in what had until recently been central southern Germany. During his early years the zone became the newly created German Democratic Republic. Ortleb successfully completed his schooling in 1962 and undertook military service with the National People's Army until 1964, then signing up as an army reserve officer. Academic He studied Mathematics at Dresden, obtaining his first degree in 1963 and his doctorate in 1971. In 1977 he became a senior research assistant, still at the Dresden University of Technology. Here, for several years, he ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Hermann Otto Solms
Hermann Otto Solms (born Hermann Otto Prince zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich; 24 November 1940) is a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP). Between 1980 and 2013, he was a member of the Bundestag, from 1991 to 1998 as Chairman of the FDP parliamentary party and from 1998 to 2013 as Vice President of the Bundestag. Since 2017 he has again been a member of the Bundestag. Early life Solms was born posthumously, the third son and fifth child of Hermann Otto Hereditary Prince zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich (1902–1940).Gothaisches Genealogisches Handbuch der Fürstlchen Häuser, Band I. Verlag des Deutschen Adelsarchivs. Marburg. 2015. pp. 471–476. (German). . His father was the heir to the fortune and legacy of the Princes zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich, a noble family known in Germany since 1129, whose Imperial county was made a principality of the Holy Roman Empire in 1792, but mediatized under the sovereignty of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806. Hermann Otto's father died whil ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Burkhard Hirsch
Burkhard Hirsch (29 May 1930 – 11 March 2020) was a German politician and civil liberties advocate. A member of the Free Democratic Party (Germany), Free Democratic Party (FDP), Hirsch spent 21 years in the Bundestag (1972–1975, 1980–1998). He also served five years as Minister of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia (1975–1980). Early life and career Born in Magdeburg, then part of the Prussian Province of Saxony, Hirsch earned his ''Abitur'' in Halle (Saale), Halle. He studied law and political sciences (''Rechts- und Staatswissenschaften'') at the University of Marburg. He completed his first and second ''Staatsexamen'' in 1954 and 1959, respectively, and earned his Doctor of Laws in 1961 with a doctoral thesis '. He worked as a lawyer at the Amts- und Landgericht Düsseldorf from 1964. He was a member of the Wirtschaftsvereinigung Eisen- und Stahlindustrie from 1960 to 1967. Political career Hirsch joined the Free Democratic Party (Germany), FDP in 1949 and was ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Free Democratic Party (Germany)
The Free Democratic Party (, FDP, ) is a liberalism, liberal political party in Germany. The FDP was founded in 1948 by members of former liberal political parties in Germany before World War II, namely the German Democratic Party and the German People's Party. For most of the second half of the 20th century, particularly from 1961 to 1982, the FDP held the Balance of power (parliament), balance of power in the Bundestag. It has been a junior coalition partner to both the CDU/CSU (1949–1956, 1961–1966, 1982–1998, and 2009–2013) and Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party (SPD; 1969–1982 and 2021–2024). In the 2013 German federal election, 2013 federal election, the FDP failed to win any directly elected seats in the Bundestag and came up short of the Electoral threshold#Germany, 5 percent threshold to qualify for list representation, being left without representation in the Bundestag for the first time in its history. In the 2017 German federal el ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Wolfgang Thierse
Wolfgang Thierse (; born 22 October 1943) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He served as the 11th president of the Bundestag from 1998 to 2005. Early life and career Thierse was born in Breslau (Wrocław in present-day Poland). He is a Roman Catholic and grew up in East Germany. After his Abitur, he first worked as a typesetter in Weimar and then studied the German language and literature at Humboldt University, in Berlin, where he was an active member of the Catholic Student Community. He also became a research assistant in the university's Department of Cultural Theory / Aesthetics. In 1975–76 he was employed by the Ministry of Culture of the German Democratic Republic. But when he joined the protests against the expulsion of singer-songwriter and dissident Wolf Biermann from the GDR he lost his job. From 1977 to 1990, Thierse worked as a research assistant at the Central Institute of the History of Literature in the Academy of Arts and Sciences ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
|
Hans-Jochen Vogel
Hans-Jochen Vogel (; 3 February 192626 July 2020) was a German lawyer and a politician for the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party (SPD). He served as List of mayors of Munich, Mayor of Munich from 1960 to 1972, winning the 1972 Summer Olympics for the city and Governing Mayor of Berlin, Governing Mayor of West Berlin in 1981, the only German ever to lead two cities with a million+ inhabitants. He was Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Federal Minister of Regional Planning, Construction and Urban Development from 1972 to 1974, and Federal Ministry of Justice (Germany), Federal Minister of Justice from 1974 to 1981. He served as leader of the SPD in the Bundestag from 1983 to 1991, and as Leader of the Social Democratic Party from 1987 to 1991. In 1993, he co-founded the organisation ''Gegen Vergessen – Für Demokratie'' (''Against Oblivion – For Democracy''). He was a member of the German Ethics Council, Nationa ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |