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Decision Aids
Decision aids are interventions or tools designed to facilitate shared decision-making and patient participation in health care decisions. Decision aids help patients think about choices they face; they describe where and why choice exists; and they provide information about options, including, where reasonable, the option of taking no action. This can help patients to deliberate, independently or in collaboration with others, about the available options. Decision aids are most commonly pamphlets, videos, or web-based tools. Decision aids are distinct from traditional educational materials as they focus on presenting alternatives, detailing the associated risks and benefits, including explicit probabilities, and tailoring information to individual patients. To support shared decision-making, evidence-based patient decision aids (ptDAs) have been created. Shared decision-making Shared decision-making is a collaborative approach in which patients and healthcare providers discu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shared Decision-making In Medicine
Shared decision-making in medicine (SDM) is a process in which both the patient and physician contribute to the medical decision-making process and agree on treatment decisions. Health care providers explain treatments and alternatives to patients and help them choose the treatment option that best aligns with their preferences as well as their unique cultural and personal beliefs. In contrast to SDM, the Biomedical model, traditional biomedical care system placed physicians in a position of authority with patients playing a passive role in care. Physicians instructed patients about what to do, and patients rarely took part in the treatment decision. History One of the first instances where the term ''shared decision-making'' was employed was in a report on Ethics in Medicine, ethics in medicine by Robert Veatch in 1972. It was used again in 1982 in the "President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research". This work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patient Participation
Patient participation is a trend that arose in answer to medical paternalism. Informed consent is a process where patients make decisions informed by the advice of medical professionals. In recent years, the term ''patient participation'' has been used in many different contexts. These include, for example, clinical contexts in the form of shared decision-making, or patient-centered care. A nuanced definition of which was proposed in 2009 by the president of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Donald Berwick: "The experience (to the extent the informed, individual patient desires it) of transparency, individualization, recognition, respect, dignity, and choice in all matters, without exception, related to one's person, circumstances, and relationships in health care" are concepts closely related to patient participation. Patient participation is also used when referring to collaborations with patients within health systems and organisations, such as in the context of par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agency For Healthcare Research And Quality
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ; pronounced "ark" by initiates and often "A-H-R-Q" by the public) is one of twelve agencies within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The agency is headquartered in North Bethesda, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C. (with a Rockville mailing address). It was established as the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) in 1989 as a constituent unit of the Public Health Service (PHS) to enhance the quality, appropriateness, and effectiveness of health care services and access to care by conducting and supporting research, demonstration projects, and evaluations; developing guidelines; and disseminating information on health care services and delivery systems. As part of the announced 2025 HHS reorganization, AHRQ is planned to be integrated into the new HHS Office of Strategy. History AHRQ's earliest predecessor was the National Center for Health Services Research and Development, establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patient Participation
Patient participation is a trend that arose in answer to medical paternalism. Informed consent is a process where patients make decisions informed by the advice of medical professionals. In recent years, the term ''patient participation'' has been used in many different contexts. These include, for example, clinical contexts in the form of shared decision-making, or patient-centered care. A nuanced definition of which was proposed in 2009 by the president of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Donald Berwick: "The experience (to the extent the informed, individual patient desires it) of transparency, individualization, recognition, respect, dignity, and choice in all matters, without exception, related to one's person, circumstances, and relationships in health care" are concepts closely related to patient participation. Patient participation is also used when referring to collaborations with patients within health systems and organisations, such as in the context of par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the Cognition, cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options. It could be either Rationality, rational or irrational. The decision-making process is a reasoning process based on assumptions of value (ethics and social sciences), values, preferences and beliefs of the decision-maker. Every decision-making process produces a final choice, which may or may not prompt action. Research about decision-making is also published under the label problem solving, particularly in European psychological research. Overview Decision-making can be regarded as a Problem solving, problem-solving activity yielding a solution deemed to be optimal, or at least satisfactory. It is therefore a process which can be more or less Rationality, rational or Irrationality, irrational and can be based on explicit knowledge, explicit or tacit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
