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Tentaculita
Tentaculita is an extinct class of lophophorates ranging from the Early Ordovician to the Middle Jurassic. They were suspension feeders with a near worldwide distribution. For a more thorough discussion, see '' Tentaculites''. The presence of perforate septa and "septal necks" has been used to argue for a cephalopod affinity, whereas the shell microstructure, notably the presence of punctae, points to a brachiopod relationship, and preserved musculature suggests a relationship with bryozoans. Subdivisions ; Subclasses * Chonioconarida * Dacryoconarida ;Orders * Cornulitida * Microconchida * Tentaculitida * Trypanoporida ;Genera *'' Anticalyptraea'' *'' Lindstroemiella'' References Further reading * Farsan, N. M. (1994). Tentaculiten: Ontogenese, Systematik, Phylogenese, Biostratonomie und Morphologie. ''Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft'' 547: 1-128. * * External links The Paleobiology Database {{Taxonbar, from=Q1758465 Early Ordo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anticalyptraea
''Anticalyptraea'' is a fossil genus (biology), genus of encrusting tentaculitoid tubeworms from the Silurian to Devonian of Europe and North America (Vinn, 2010). ''Anticalyptraea'' commonly encrust various invertebrate fossils such as Stromatoporoidea, stromatoporoids, Rugosa, rugose corals, bryozoans, brachiopods and crinoids, but they can also be common on the Carbonate hardgrounds, hardgrounds. They were often attacked by predators in the Pridoli of Baltica. ''Anticalyptraea'' was traditionally interpreted as a phorid gastropod, but was later assigned to the class (biology), Class Tentaculita. Its dextrally coiled substrate-cemented tube, bulbous initial chamber, vesicular tube wall and pseudopunctate microlamellar shell structure closely resembles Trypanoporida, trypanoporids (Tentaculita), but ''Anticalyptraea'' differs in having the cones of the pseudopunctae oriented in the opposite direction. Pseudopunctae oriented similarly to ''Anticalyptraea'' occur in ''Cornulites'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microconchida
The order Microconchida is a group of small, spirally-coiled, encrusting fossil "worm" tubes from the class Tentaculita found from the Upper Ordovician to the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) around the world. They have lamellar calcitic shells, usually with pseudopunctae or punctae and a bulb-like origin. Many were long misidentified as the polychaete annelid ''Spirorbis'' until studies of shell microstructure and formation showed significant differences. All pre-Cretaceous "''Spirorbis''" fossils are now known to be microconchids. Their classification at the phylum level is still debated. Most likely they are some form of lophophorate, a group which includes phoronids, bryozoans and brachiopods. Microconchids may be closely related to the other encrusting tentaculitoid tubeworms, such as '' Anticalyptraea'', trypanoporids and cornulitids. Their habitat is more controversial. While there is a consensus that they were present in the seas and in brackish water, there is a debate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trypanoporida
Trypanoporida is an extinct order of encrusting animals within Class Tentaculita, which were common in Devonian oceans (Weedon, 1991). Their affinity is unknown; they have been placed among worms and corals. They appear to be closely related to other taxa of uncertain affinity, including the microconchids, cornulitids, and tentaculitids. Spirally coiled trypanoporids (Devonian) were most likely derived from the geologically older microconchids (Late Ordovician The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and System (geology), system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era (geology), Era, and the second of twelve periods of the Phanerozoic Eon (geology), Eon. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years f ...). References * Weedon, M.J. 1991. Microstructure and affinity of the enigmatic Devonian tubular fossil ''Trypanopora''. Lethaia 24:227-234. Tentaculita Devonian animals Late Devonian animals Devonian first appearances Devonian extinctions {{paleo-invertebrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tentaculita
Tentaculita is an extinct class of lophophorates ranging from the Early Ordovician to the Middle Jurassic. They were suspension feeders with a near worldwide distribution. For a more thorough discussion, see '' Tentaculites''. The presence of perforate septa and "septal necks" has been used to argue for a cephalopod affinity, whereas the shell microstructure, notably the presence of punctae, points to a brachiopod relationship, and preserved musculature suggests a relationship with bryozoans. Subdivisions ; Subclasses * Chonioconarida * Dacryoconarida ;Orders * Cornulitida * Microconchida * Tentaculitida * Trypanoporida ;Genera *'' Anticalyptraea'' *'' Lindstroemiella'' References Further reading * Farsan, N. M. (1994). Tentaculiten: Ontogenese, Systematik, Phylogenese, Biostratonomie und Morphologie. ''Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft'' 547: 1-128. * * External links The Paleobiology Database {{Taxonbar, from=Q1758465 Early Ordo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jurassic
The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 143.1 Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the second and middle period of the Mesozoic, Mesozoic Era as well as the eighth period of the Phanerozoic, Phanerozoic Eon and is named after the Jura Mountains, where limestone strata from the period were first identified. The start of the Jurassic was marked by the major Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, associated with the eruption of the Central Atlantic magmatic province, Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). The beginning of the Toarcian Age started around 183 million years ago and is marked by the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, a global episode of Anoxic event, oceanic anoxia, ocean acidification, and elevated global temperatures associated with extinctions, likely caused by the eruption of the Kar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chonioconarida
Chonioconarida is an extinct subclass of free living animals from the Tentaculita class, which were common in the Silurian and Devonian oceans. Chonioconarids have a slim and long needle-like larval parts. They are covered with sculpture throughout (Farsan 2005). Their affinity is unknown. Their fossils are known from Australia, Asia, Europe, Africa, North and South America. References * Farsan, N.M. 2005. Description of the early ontogenetic part of the Tentaculitids, with implications for classification. Lethaia 38: 255-270. {{Taxonbar, from=Q16965486 Tentaculita Silurian animals Devonian animals Late Devonian animals Silurian first appearances Devonian extinctions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornulitida
Cornulitida is an extinct order of encrusting animals from class Tentaculita, which were common around the globe in the Ordovician to Devonian oceans, and survived until the Carboniferous. Organisms that may be the oldest cornulitids have been found in Cambrian sediments of Jordan. Cornulitids had shells, and were subject to predation by boring and other means from the Ordovician onwards. Many survived attacks by predators. Several cornulitids were endobiotic symbionts in the stromatoporoids and tabulates. Their affinity is unknown; they have been placed in many phyla, and have been considered worms, corals, molluscs and more. They appear to be closely related to other taxa of uncertain affinity, including the microconchids, trypanoporids and tentaculitids. Gallery Cornulitids and bryozoan Bellevue.jpg, alt=Cornulitids and bryozoan Bellevue, Cornulitids on a bryozoan; Bellevue Member, Grant Lake Formation, northern Kentucky Conchicolites.jpg, ''Conchicolites'' sp. over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacryoconarida
Dacryoconarida is an extinct subclass of free living animals from the Tentaculita class, which were common in the Devonian oceans (Fisher, 1962). Dacryoconarids have a subspherical, drop- or tear-shaped embryonic chamber (Farsan 2005). The phylogenetic affinities of tentaculites are not fully resolved; they have often been placed among molluscs, but recent microstructural analyses place them among the Lophophorata The Lophophorata (also called Tentaculata; not to be confused with Tentaculata Eschscholtz 1825, a class within the Ctenophora) are a Lophotrochozoan clade consisting of the Brachiozoa and the Bryozoa Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa .... Their fossils are known from Devonian rocks of Australia, Asia, Europe, North Africa and North America. References * Farsan, N.M. 2005. Description of the early ontogenetic part of the Tentaculitids, with implications for classification. Lethaia 38: 255-270. External links * Dacryoconaridaat fossilworks {{Taxonbar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tentaculites
''Tentaculites'' is an extinct genus of conical fossils of uncertain affinity, class Tentaculita, although it is not the only member of the class. It is known from Lower Ordovician to Upper Devonian deposits both as calcitic shells with a brachiopod-like microstructure and carbonaceous 'linings'. The "tentaculites" (i.e. tentaculita) are also referred to as the styliolinids. Affinity The taxonomic classification of tentaculitids is uncertain. Some grouped them with pteropods, but there is no modern support and only superficial similarity. They may also be related to other conical shells of uncertain affinity including cornulitids, '' Anticalyptraea'', microconchids and trypanoporids. Their shell microstructure has warranted their comparison with the brachiopod Brachiopods (), phylum (biology), phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordovician
The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and System (geology), system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era (geology), Era, and the second of twelve periods of the Phanerozoic Eon (geology), Eon. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period Megaannum, Ma (million years ago) to the start of the Silurian Period Ma. The Ordovician, named after the Celtic Britons, Welsh tribe of the Ordovices, was defined by Charles Lapworth in 1879 to resolve a dispute between followers of Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison, who were placing the same Rock (geology), rock beds in North Wales in the Cambrian and Silurian systems, respectively. Lapworth recognized that the fossil fauna in the disputed Stratum, strata were different from those of either the Cambrian or the Silurian systems, and placed them in a system of their own. The Ordovician received international approval in 1960 (forty years after Lapworth's death), when it was adopted as an official per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a period (geology), geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era during the Phanerozoic eon (geology), eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at million years ago (Megaannum, Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding Carboniferous period at Ma. It is the fourth period of both the Paleozoic and the Phanerozoic. It is named after Devon, South West England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant evolutionary radiation of history of life#Colonization of land, life on land occurred during the Devonian, as free-spore, sporing land plants (pteridophytes) began to spread across dry land, forming extensive coal forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of vascular plants had evolved leaf, leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants (Pteridospermatophyta, pteridospermatophyt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maryland
Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east, as well as with the Atlantic Ocean to its east, and the national capital and federal district of Washington, D.C. to the southwest. With a total area of , Maryland is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, ninth-smallest state by land area, and its population of 6,177,224 ranks it the List of U.S. states and territories by population, 18th-most populous state and the List of states and territories of the United States by population density, fifth-most densely populated. Maryland's capital city is Annapolis, Maryland, Annapolis, and the state's most populous city is Baltimore. Maryland's coastline was first explored by Europeans in the 16th century. Prior to that, it was inhabited by several Native Americans in the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
