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Teletext
Teletext, or broadcast teletext, is a standard for displaying text and rudimentary graphics on suitably equipped television sets. Teletext sends data in the broadcast signal, hidden in the invisible vertical blanking interval area at the top and bottom of the screen. The teletext decoder in the television buffers this information as a series of "pages", each given a number. The user can display chosen pages using their remote control. In broad terms, it can be considered as Videotex, a system for the delivery of information to a user in a computer-like format, typically displayed on a television or a dumb terminal, but that designation is usually reserved for systems that provide bi-directional communication, such as Prestel or Minitel. Teletext was created in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s by John Adams, Philips' lead designer for video display units to provide closed captioning to television shows for the hearing impaired. Public teletext information services were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World System Teletext
World System Teletext (WST) is the name of a standard for encoding and displaying teletext information, which is used as the standard for teletext throughout Europe today. It was adopted into the international standard ITU-R, CCIR 653 (now ITU-R BT.653) of 1986 as CCIR Teletext System B. Development WST originally stems from the UK standard developed by the BBC and the UK Independent Broadcasting Authority in 1974 for teletext transmission, extended in 1976 as the Broadcast Teletext Specification. With some tweaks to allow for alternative Teletext character set, national character sets, and adaptations to the NTSC 525-line system as necessary, this was then promoted internationally as "World System Teletext". It was accepted by ITU-R, CCIR in 1986 under international standard CCIR 653 (now ITU-R BT.653) as one of four recognised standards for teletext worldwide (most commonly referred to as CCIR Teletext System B). WST in Europe Almost all television sets sold in Europe since the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NABTS
NABTS, the North American Broadcast Teletext Specification, is a protocol used for encoding NAPLPS-encoded teletext pages, as well as other types of digital data, within the vertical blanking interval (VBI) of an analog video signal. It is standardized under standard EIA-516, and has a rate of 15.6 kbit/s per line of video (with error correction). It was adopted into the international standard CCIR 653 (now ITU-R BT.653) of 1986 as CCIR Teletext System C. History NABTS was originally developed as a protocol by the Canadian Department of Communications, with their industry partner Norpak, for the Telidon system. Similar systems had been developed by the BBC in Europe for their Ceefax system, and were later standardized as the World System Teletext (WST, aka CCIR Teletext System B), but differences in European and North American television standards and the greater flexibility of the Telidon standard led to the creation of a new delivery mechanism that was tuned for spee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JTES
JTES, the Japanese Teletext Specification, is a protocol used for encoding Teletext pages, as well as other types of digital data, within the vertical blanking interval (VBI) of an analog video signal in Japan. It was adopted into the international standard CCIR 653 (now ITU-R BT.653) of 1986 as CCIR Teletext System D. It supports the display of Kanji, Katakana and Hiragana characters. The service can be used to display subtitles, cyclic text pages or pseudo interactive programs. There's support for the presentation of photographs, geometry or sound. History The development of teletext in Japan started in 1972, followed by the announcement of the world's first teletext system ( Ceefax) by the BBC in the United Kingdom. Because Japanese characters are different from the Western alphabets, Japan proceeded with research and development of a specific transmission method called the ''"pattern method"'', it sends scanning signals similar to a fax, at a rate 20 times faster than exist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceefax
Ceefax () was the world's first teletext information service and a forerunner to the current BBC Red Button service. Ceefax was started by the BBC in 1974 and ended, after 38 years of broadcasting, at 23:32:19 BST (11:32 PM BST) on 23 October 2012, in line with the digital switchover completion in Northern Ireland. Pete Clifton Points of View 9 November 2008Test Cards and Ceefax BBC Archive To receive a desired page of text on a teletext-capable receiver, the user entered a three-digit page number on the device. The selected page was displayed on the user's screen as it was transmitted, requiring a wait of several seconds. There were many pages to choose from, and they could be displayed either on a black background or superimposed over the broadcast programme picture. This latter feature m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antiope (teletext)
Antiope was a French teletext standard in the 1980s. It also formed the basis for the display standard used in the French videotex service Minitel. The term allegedly stood for ''Acquisition Numérique et Télévisualisation d’Images Organisées en Pages d’Écriture'', which could be loosely translated as ''Digital Acquisition and Remote Visualization of Images Organized into Written Pages''. History Work on Antiope started in 1972 at CCETT, the newly merged French national research centre for television and telecommunications in Rennes, with first field trials in 1975. The system was officially launched in 1976 at Vidcom in Cannes, and simultaneously at the СПОРТ 76 exposition in Moscow. It was adopted into the international standard CCIR 653 (now ITU-R BT.653) of 1986 as CCIR Teletext System A. Commercial broadcasting of Antiope began on Antenne 2 in 1979. To publicise the service, pages were even transmitted ''en clair'' instead of the test card (compare the BBC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORACLE (Teletext)
ORACLE (from "Optional Reception of Announcements by Coded Line Electronics") was a commercial teletext service first broadcast on the ITV network in 1978 and later additionally on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom from 1982. The service ceased on both channels at 23:59 UTC on 31 December 1992, when it was replaced by Teletext Ltd. History It was developed and launched by the Independent Broadcasting Authority's engineering division, about 4 years after BBC's Ceefax service. Due to the lack of available receivers, exact launch dates have been left obscure. Receivers became popular around the early 1980s. ITV Oracle made the world's first telesoftware broadcast in February 1977 and this led to a working demonstration of telesoftware at the 1978 International Broadcasting Convention. In Britain, ORACLE, ITV's teletext service, was launched as a new advertising medium on 1 September 1981 with 180,000 teletext sets in the country. By the following year, there were then 450,0 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Remote Control
A remote control, also known colloquially as a remote or clicker, is an consumer electronics, electronic device used to operate another device from a distance, usually wirelessly. In consumer electronics, a remote control can be used to operate devices such as a television set, DVD player or other digital home media appliance. A remote control can allow operation of devices that are out of convenient reach for direct operation of controls. They function best when used from a short distance. This is primarily a convenience feature for the user. In some cases, remote controls allow a person to operate a device that they otherwise would not be able to reach, as when a garage door opener is triggered from outside. Early television remote controls (1956–1977) used ultrasonics, ultrasonic tones. Present-day remote controls are commonly consumer IR, consumer infrared devices which send digitally-coded pulses of infrared radiation. They control functions such as power, volume, chan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Videotex
Videotex (or interactive videotex) was one of the earliest implementations of an end-user information system. From the late 1970s to early 2010s, it was used to deliver information (usually pages of text) to a user in computer-like format, typically to be displayed on a television or a dumb terminal. In a strict definition, videotex is any system that provides interactive content and displays it on a video monitor such as a television, typically using modems to send data in both directions. A close relative is teletext, which sends data in one direction only, typically encoded in a television signal. All such systems are occasionally referred to as ''viewdata''. Unlike the modern Internet, traditional videotex services were highly centralized. Videotex in its broader definition can be used to refer to any such service, including teletext, the Internet, bulletin board systems, online service providers, and even the arrival/departure displays at an airport. This usage is no longe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minitel
The Minitel, officially known as TELETEL, was an interactive videotex online service accessible through telephone lines. It was the world's first and most successful mass-market online service prior to the World Wide Web. It was developed in Cesson-Sévigné, Brittany, by government-owned France Télécom. The service was initially launched on an experimental basis on 15 July 1980 in Saint-Malo and extended to other regions in autumn 1980. It was commercially introduced throughout France in 1982 by the PTT (Postes, Télégraphes et Téléphones; since 1991, divided into France Télécom and La Poste (France), La Poste)."Minitel: The rise and fall of the France-wide web" , Hugh Schofield, ''BBC News Magazine'' (Paris), 27 June 2012. From its inception, users were able to make online purcha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prestel
Prestel was the Brand#Brand names and trademark, brand name of a videotex service launched in the UK in 1979 by BT Group#Post Office Telecommunications, Post Office Telecommunications, a division of the British Post Office Limited#History, Post Office. It had around 95,500 attached terminals at its peak, and was a forerunner of the internet-based online services developed in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Prestel was discontinued in 1994 and its assets sold by BT Group, British Telecom to a company consortium. A subscriber to Prestel used an adapted TV set with a keypad or keyboard, a dedicated terminal, or a microcomputer to interact with a central database via an ordinary Telephone line, phoneline. Prestel offered hundreds of thousands of pages of general and specialised information, ranging from consumer advice to financial data, as well as services such as home banking, online shopping, travel booking, telesoftware, and messaging. In September 1982, to mark I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
