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Stegosaurs
Stegosauria is a group of Herbivore, herbivorous ornithischian dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic and early Cretaceous Period (geology), periods. Stegosaurian fossils have been found mostly in the Northern Hemisphere (North America, Europe and Asia), Africa and South America. Their geographical origins are unclear; the earliest unequivocal stegosaurian, ''Bashanosaurus primitivus'', was found in the Bathonian Shaximiao Formation of China. Stegosaurians were armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans). Originally, they did not differ much from more primitive members of that group, being small, low-slung, running animals protected by armored scutes. An early evolutionary innovation was the development of spikes as defensive weapons. Later species, belonging to a subgroup called the Stegosauridae, became larger, and developed long hindlimbs that no longer allowed them to run. This increased the importance of active defence by the thagomizer, which could ward off even large predators becau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kentrosaurus
''Kentrosaurus'' ( ; ) is a genus of stegosaurid dinosaur from the Late Jurassic in Lindi Region of Tanzania. The type species is ''K. aethiopicus'', named and described by German people, German Palaeontology, palaeontologist Edwin Hennig in 1915. Often thought to be a "Primitive (phylogenetics), primitive" member of the Stegosauria, several recent cladistic analyses find it as more derived than many other stegosaurs, and a close relative of ''Stegosaurus'' from the North American Morrison Formation within the Stegosauridae. Fossils of ''K. aethiopicus'' have been found only in the Tendaguru Formation, dated to the late Kimmeridgian and early Tithonian ages, about 152 annum, million years ago. Hundreds of bones were unearthed by German expeditions to German East Africa between 1909 and 1912. Although no complete skeletons are known, the remains provided a nearly complete picture of the build of the animal. In the Tendaguru Formation, it coexisted with a variety of dinosaurs such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adratiklit
''Adratiklit'' (meaning "mountain lizard") is an extinct genus of herbivorous stegosaurian Dinosaurs, dinosaur that lived on the supercontinent Gondwana during the Middle Jurassic period (168–164 million years ago). The genus contains a single species, ''Adratiklit boulahfa''. Its remains were found in the El Mers III Formation (Bathonian–?Callovian), near Boulahfa, south of Boulemane, Fès-Meknès, north Morocco. Eurypodan dinosaurs, in particular stegosaurs, were diverse and abundant in Laurasia (nowadays the northern continents) during the Jurassic, but their remains are extremely rare in deposits of Gondwana, (nowadays the southern continents). Nevertheless, the existence of fragmentary remains and trackways in the deposits of Gondwana indicate the presence of eurypodan taxa there. ''Adratiklit'' is the first described eurypodan taxon from North Africa, as well as—along with ''Thyreosaurus''—one of the oldest known stegosaurs (being similar in age to ''Bashanosaurus'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monkonosaurus
''Monkonosaurus'' (meaning " Monkon lizard") is a dubious genus of herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous-aged Loe-ein Formation of Tibet (or the Early Cretaceous Lura Formation of China). Some sources place it as alive during the Oxfordian - Albian stages, around 163 - 100 million years ago, although ''Monkonosaurus'' was probably only alive during the Late Jurassic (163 – 152.1 ± 0.9 million years ago), making it among the earliest known stegosaurs along with '' Chungkingosaurus'' and ''Bashanosaurus''. Discovery and naming The genus was formalized by Zhao Xijin in 1986.X. Zhao. 1986. eptilia ''Ching-kuo Ti Pao o Hsi'' 'The Cretaceous System of China. The Stratigraphy of China.''12:67-73 The generic name refers to Markam County, also known as ''Monko''.Chao S., 1983. "Phylogeny and Evolutionary Stages of Dinosauria", ''Acta Palaeontologica Polonica'' 28 (1/2): 295-306 Zhao at the time gave neither a description, meaning the name remai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuojiangosaurus
''Tuojiangosaurus'' (meaning " Tuo River lizard") is a genus of herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period, recovered from the Upper Shaximiao Formation of what is now Sichuan Province in China. Description ''Tuojiangosaurus'' was a large stegosaur, reaching in length and in body mass. Physically similar to the North American ''Stegosaurus'', ''Tuojiangosaurus'' is the best understood of the Chinese stegosaurs. In 1977, Dong provided a diagnosis but this largely consisted of traits shared with other stegosaurus. In 1990, Peter Malcolm Galton pointed out an autapomorphy: the spines of the vertebrae of the tail base possess spines with bony skirts running from their front to the sides. In 2006, Susannah Maidment and Guangbiao Wei would identify two other diagnostic characters: the frontal bones are wider than they are long, and the supraacetabular and posterior processes of the ilium are well-separated. ''Tuojiangosaurus'' has the typical narrow and l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bashanosaurus
''Bashanosaurus'' (meaning "Bashan lizard") is an extinct genus of stegosaurian dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian age) Shaximiao Formation of Yunyang County, China. The genus contains a single species, ''Bashanosaurus primitivus'', known from incomplete skeletons belonging to three individuals. It is one of the basalmost stegosaurs, as well as one of the oldest known stegosaurs, along with ''Adratiklit'', '' Isaberrysaura'', and '' Thyreosaurus''. Discovery and naming In 2016, a quarry of dinosaur fossils representing outcrops of the lower Shaximiao Formation was found in Laojun Village of Pu’an Township in Yunyang County, Chongqing Municipality, China. The ''Bashanosaurus'' fossil material was among the bones found in the outcrops, consisting of three specimens collected from the same horizon. The holotype specimen, CLGPR V00006-1, includes one dorsal and two caudal vertebrae, the right scapulocoracoid, a partial left hindlimb (femur, tibia, fibula, and a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baiyinosaurus
''Baiyinosaurus'' (meaning "Baiyin reptile") is an extinct genus of stegosaurian dinosaurs from the Middle Jurassic Wangjiashan Formation of China. The genus contains a Monotypic taxon, single species, ''B. baojiensis'', known from a partial skeleton including cranial bones. The skeletal anatomy of ''Baiyinosaurus'' demonstrates transitional features between Basal (phylogenetics), basal thyreophorans and stegosaurs. While many stegosaurs are known from China, ''Baiyinosaurus'' is the only one currently named from Gansu Province. Discovery and naming The ''Baiyinosaurus'' holotype specimen, Gansu Agricultural University, IVPG-D021, was discovered in 2016 by Li Daqing and his crew during excavations in sediments of the Wangjiashan Formation (Straw-yellow Sandstone Member). These outcrops are in the Pingchuan District of the city of Baiyin in Gansu Province, China. Following their discovery, the bones were collected and Fossil preparation, prepared by the Gansu Zhendan Dinosaur Cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongolostegus
''Mongolostegus'' (meaning "Mongolian roof") is an extinct genus of stegosaurian dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian ages) Dzunbain Formation of Mongolia. The genus contains a single species, ''Mongolostegus exspectabilis'', known from a fragmentary single specimen representing the first stegosaur named from Mongolia. It is one of the youngest known stegosaurs, along with '' Yanbeilong'' and an unnamed species from the Hekou Group of China. In contrast to these taxa, which are members of the late-diverging stegosaur subfamily Stegosaurinae, ''Mongolostegus'' may have affinities to more basal taxa such as the Huayangosauridae. Discovery and description The ''Mongolostegus'' holotype specimen, PIN 3779-15 was discovered in 1981 by a joint expedition between Soviet and Mongolian researchers. The specimen, recovered from a layer of the Dzunbain Formation at Chamrin-Us, Mongolia, comprises a single caudosacral vertebra articulated with the first five , a , the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexovisaurus
''Lexovisaurus'' is a genus of stegosaur from mid-to-Late Jurassic Europe, 165.7-164.7 mya. Fossils of limb bones and armor fragments have been found in middle to late Jurassic-aged strata of England and France. Discovery, naming and taxonomy In the early 1880s collector Alfred Nicholson Leeds acquired a skeleton of a dinosaur excavated at a small brick pit at the hamlet of Tanholt, close to Eye, Cambridgeshire. In September 1885 the remains were shown to paleontologist Henry Woodward whose notes form the first documentation on the subject. Later it was mistakenly assumed the find had been made at the industrial brick pits at Fletton, the usual source of Leeds' specimens.Leslie F. Noè, Jeff J. Liston and Sandra D. Chapman, 2010, "‘Old bones, dry subject’: the dinosaurs and pterosaur collected by Alfred Nicholson Leeds of Peterborough, England", ''Geological Society, London, Special Publications'' 343: 49-77 In 1887 the fossil was described by John Whitaker Hulke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcovasaurus
''Alcovasaurus'' is an extinct genus of herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaurs that lived in the Late Jurassic. It was found in the Morrison Formation of Natrona County, Wyoming, Natrona County, Wyoming, United States. The genus contains a monotypic taxon, single species, ''Alcovasaurus longispinus'', originally assigned to the genus ''Stegosaurus''. It is likely a member of the Dacentrurinae, and has been referred to the genus ''Miragaia longicollum, Miragaia'' by some authors. Discovery and naming In July 1908, Professors William Harlow Reed and A.C. Dart of the University of Wyoming, in the Alcova Quarry in Natrona County, Wyoming, uncovered the skeleton of a stegosaurian. This would be the last major excavation of a dinosaur in which Reed was personally involved. In 1914, the find was named and described as ''Stegosaurus longispinus'' by Charles Whitney Gilmore on the basis of holotype UW 20503 (originally UW D54), a partial postcranial skeleton of an adult individual consisting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacentrurus
''Dacentrurus'' (meaning "tail full of points"), originally known as ''Omosaurus'', is a genus of Stegosauria, stegosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic and perhaps Early Cretaceous (154 - 140 mya (unit), mya) of Europe. Its type species, ''Omosaurus armatus'', was named in 1875, based on a skeleton found in a clay pit in the Kimmeridge Clay in Swindon, England. In 1902 the genus was renamed ''Dacentrurus'' because the name ''Omosaurus'' had already been used for a phytosaur. After 1875, half a dozen other species would be named but perhaps only ''Dacentrurus armatus'' is valid. ''Dacentrurus'' was the largest stegosaur measuring around long and weighing up to . Finds of this animal have been limited, so much of its appearance is uncertain and its relationship with other members of the Dacentrurinae are contentious. Some researchers suggest that ''Miragaia longicollum'' represents a junior synonym of this taxon. Discovery and species On 23 May 1874, James Shopland of the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gigantspinosaurus
''Gigantspinosaurus'' () is a genus of herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic. It was a stegosaur found in China. Discovery The first fossil was found in 1985 by Ouyang Hui at Pengtang near Jinquan and was reported upon in 1986 by Gao Ruiqi and colleagues, mistaking it for a specimen of '' Tuojiangosaurus''. The type species, ''Gigantspinosaurus sichuanensis'', was described and named by Ouyang in 1992 in an abstract of a lecture. The generic name is derived from Latin ''gigas'' or ''giganteus'', "enormous", and ''spina'', "spine", in reference to the gigantic shoulder spines. The specific name refers to Sichuan. The name was generally considered a ''nomen nudum'' in the West, until in 2006 it was disclosed that the abstract contained a sufficient description. Despite its uncertain nomenclatural status, images of ''Gigantspinosaurus'' had appeared in several sources. Public awareness of this animal was increased in early 2006 when Tracy Ford, considering ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hesperosaurus
''Hesperosaurus'' (meaning "western lizard", from Classical Greek (') "western" and (') "lizard") is a herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaur from the Kimmeridgian age of the Jurassic period, approximately 156 million years ago. Fossils of ''Hesperosaurus'' have been found in the state of Wyoming and Montana in the United States of America since 1985. The type species ''Hesperosaurus mjosi'' was named in 2001. It is from an older part of the Morrison Formation, and so a little older than other Morrison stegosaurs. Several relatively complete skeletons of ''Hesperosaurus'' are known. One specimen preserves the first known impression of the horn sheath of a stegosaurian back plate. ''Hesperosaurus'' was a member of the Stegosauridae, quadrupedal plant-eaters protected by vertical bony plates and spikes. It was closely related to ''Stegosaurus'' and was similar to it in having two rows of, possibly alternating, plates on its back and four spikes on its tail end. The plates on its back ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
