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Scyldings
The Scyldings (Old English, OE Scyldingas) or Skjǫldungs (Old Norse, ON Skjǫldungar), both meaning "descendants of Scyld/Skjǫldr", were, according to legends, a clan or dynasty of Danes (tribe), Danish kings, that in its time conquered and ruled Denmark and Sweden together with part of England, Ireland and North Germany. The name is explained in many texts, such as Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann's 'Research on the Field of History' (),Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann, ''Forschungen auf dem Gebiete der Geschichte'', p. 386 by the descent of this family from an eponymous king Scyld, but the title is sometimes applied to rulers who purportedly reigned before him, and the supposed king may be an invention to explain the name. There was once a Norse saga on the dynasty, the ''Skjöldunga saga'', but it survives only in a Latin summary by Arngrímur Jónsson. Descent from Sceaf According to Anglo-Saxon legends recounted in ''Widsith'' and other sources such as Æthelweard (historian), Æt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heremod
Heremod (Proto-Norse: *''Harimōdaz' Latin form: Heremodius) is a legendary Danish king and a legendary king of the Angles who would have lived in the 2nd century and known through a short account of his exile in the Old English poem ''Beowulf'' and from appearances in some genealogies as the father of Scyld. He may be the same as one of the personages named Hermóðr in Old Norse sources. Heremod may also be identical to Lother (Latin Lotherus) in Saxo Grammaticus' ''Gesta Danorum'' (Book 1) or the same history may have been applied to two originally separate figures. From Beowulf In ''Beowulf'', after Beowulf has defeated Grendel, a bard sings the deeds of Sigmund: He had of all heroes the highest renown among races of men, this refuge-of-warriors, for deeds of daring that decked his name since the hand and heart of Heremod grew slack in battle. He, swiftly banished to join with Jutes at mercy of foes, to death was betrayed; for torrents of sorrow had lamed him too long; a loa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skjöldr
Skjöldr (Old Norse ''Skjǫldr'', Icelandic language, Icelandic ''Skjöldur'', sometimes Anglicized as Skjold or Skiold, Latinized as Skioldus; Old English ''Scyld'', Proto-Germanic ''*Skelduz'' ‘shield’) was among the first List of legendary kings of Denmark, legendary Danish kings. He is mentioned in the ''Prose Edda'', in ''Ynglinga saga'', in ''Chronicon Lethrense'', in Sven Aggesen's history, in Arngrímur Jónsson's Latin abstract of the lost ''Skjöldunga saga'' and in Saxo Grammaticus' ''Gesta Danorum''. He also appears in the Old English poem ''Beowulf''. The various accounts have little in common. Primary sources Beowulf Skjǫldr appears in the prologue of ''Beowulf'', where he is referred to as ''Sceafa#Scyld Scefing, Scyld Scefing'', implying he is a descendant or son of a ''Scef'' (‘Sheaf’, usually identified with ''Sceafa''), or, literally, 'of the sheaf'. According to ''Beowulf'' he was found in a boat as a child, possibly an orphan, but grew on to become ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beowulf - Scyldinga
''Beowulf'' (; ) is an Old English poem, an epic in the tradition of Germanic heroic legend consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines. It is one of the most important and most often translated works of Old English literature. The date of composition is a matter of contention among scholars; the only certain dating is for the manuscript, which was produced between 975 and 1025 AD. Scholars call the anonymous author the "''Beowulf'' poet". The story is set in pagan Scandinavia in the 5th and 6th centuries. Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall Heorot has been under attack by the monster Grendel for twelve years. After Beowulf slays him, Grendel's mother takes revenge and is in turn defeated. Victorious, Beowulf goes home to Geatland and becomes king of the Geats. Fifty years later, Beowulf defeats a dragon, but is mortally wounded in the battle. After his death, his attendants cremate his body and erect a barrow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sceafa
Sceafa ( , also ''Scēaf'', ''Scēf'') was an ancient Lombardic king in English legend. According to his story, Sceafa appeared mysteriously as a child, coming out of the sea in an empty skiff. The name also appears in the corrupt forms ''Seskef'', ''Stefius'', ''Strephius'', and ''Stresaeus''. Though the name has historically been modernized Shava (and Latinized Scefius), J.R.R. Tolkien used the correctly constructed modern English spelling ''Sheave''. ''Widsith'' The Old English poem ''Widsith'', line 32, in a listing of famous kings and their countries, has ''Sceafa Longbeardum'', so naming Sceafa as ruler of the Lombards. In ''Origo Gentis Langobardorum'' the Lombards' origins are traced to an "island" in the north named Scadan or Scandan ("Scandinavia"). But neither this account or any other mentions Sceafa among their later kings or gives the names of any kings that ruled them in the land of their origin where they were said to have been known as the Winnili. In geneal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beowulf
''Beowulf'' (; ) is an Old English poetry, Old English poem, an Epic poetry, epic in the tradition of Germanic heroic legend consisting of 3,182 Alliterative verse, alliterative lines. It is one of the most important and List of translations of Beowulf, most often translated works of Old English literature. The date of composition is a matter of contention among scholars; the only certain dating is for the manuscript, which was produced between 975 and 1025 AD. Scholars call the anonymous author the "''Beowulf'' poet". The story is set in pagan Scandinavia in the 5th and 6th centuries. Beowulf (hero), Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes (Germanic tribe), Danes, whose mead hall Heorot has been under attack by the monster Grendel for twelve years. After Beowulf slays him, Grendel's mother takes revenge and is in turn defeated. Victorious, Beowulf goes home to Geatland and becomes king of the Geats. Fifty years later, Beowulf def ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skjöldunga Saga
The ''Skjöldunga saga'' (or, in another standardised Old Norse spelling, ''Skjǫldunga saga'') was an Old Norse legendary saga. Dating from c. 1180 – 1200, the saga was lost in its original form. The saga focused on the Danish dynasty of Scylding (Old Norse ''Skjöldung'', plural ''Skjöldungar''), the same semi-legendary dynasty featured in the Old English poem ''Beowulf''. The fragmentary Icelandic text known as '' Sögubrot af nokkrum fornkonungum'' is believed to be based on the ''Skjöldunga saga'', perhaps deriving from a late version of that work. Another surviving source that contains material from the saga (and continues where ''Sögubrot'' ends) is Arngrimur's ''Ad catalogum regum Sveciæ annotanda''. Arngrímur Jónsson paraphrased parts of it into Latin, and parts of it are thought to be preserved in other sagas, including ''Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta'' and ''Ragnarssona þáttr''. It may relate to Saxo Grammaticus and contain a version of the story that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prologue To The Prose Edda
The Prologue is the first section of four books of the ''Prose Edda'', and consists of a euhemerized account of the origins of Norse mythology. According to the Prologue, the Norse gods originate from the Trojans described in Homer's poetry, and are King Priam's descendants. Priam's grandson Thor traveled throughout the world after leaving Thrace, fighting monsters and a dragon; he eventually came far north where he married a local named Sif. From them descended both the Norse gods as well as royal lines of various kingdoms. Regarding the euhemerization in the ''Prologue'', Anthony Faulkes wrote that "undoubtedly one of the motives for including the prologue, and maybe the chief reason for the use of the frame device itself, was to avoid the criticism that his stories were dangerous to hristianorthodoxy".Faulkes 1985, pp. 284-285 Rather than pagan gods, the figures of Norse legend are refashioned as human figures, if noble and powerful ones. Contents The Prologue begins with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jutes
The Jutes ( ) were one of the Germanic people, Germanic tribes who settled in Great Britain after the end of Roman rule in Britain, departure of the Roman Britain, Romans. According to Bede, they were one of the three most powerful Germanic nations, along with the Angles (tribe), Angles and the Saxons: There is no consensus amongst historians on the origins of the Jutes. One hypothesis is that they originated from the Jutland Peninsula but after a Danish invasion of that area, migrated to the Frisian coast. From the Frisian coast they went on to settle southern Britain in the later fifth century during the Migration Period, as part of a larger wave of Germanic migration into Britain. They were possibly or probably related to the North Germanic tribe Geats. Settlement in southern Britain During the period after the Roman Britain, Roman occupation and before the Norman conquest, people of Germanic descent arrived in Britain, ultimately forming England. The ''Anglo-Saxon Chr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Barleycorn
"John Barleycorn" is an England, English and Scotland, Scottish folk song. The song's protagonist is John Barleycorn, a personification of barley and of the beer made from it. In the song, he suffers indignities, attacks, and death that correspond to the various stages of barley cultivation, such as Reaper#Hand reaping, reaping and malting. The song may have its origins in ancient English folklore, English or Scottish folklore, with written evidence of the song dating it at least as far back as the Elizabethan era. It is listed as List of folk songs by Roud number, number 164 in the Roud Folk Song Index. The oldest versions are Scottish and include the Scots language, Scots poem "Quhy Sowld Nocht Allane Honorit Be". In 1782, the Scottish poet Robert Burns published his own version of the song, which influenced subsequent versions. The song survived into the twentieth century in the oral folk tradition, primarily in England, and many popular folk revival artists have recorded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beowa
Beowa, Beaw, Bēow , Beo or Bedwig is a figure in Anglo-Saxon paganism, Anglo-Saxon traditional religion associated with barley and agriculture. The figure is attested in the Anglo-Saxon royal genealogies as they were extended in the Alfred the Great, age of Alfred, where Beowa is inserted as the son of Scyld and the grandson of Sceafa, in lineages carried back to Adam. Connections have been proposed between the figure of Beowa and the hero Beowulf (hero), Beowulf of the poem of the Beowulf, same name and English folk song figure John Barleycorn. Etymology ''Beoƿ'' is an Old English language, Old English word for barley. In the Anglo-Saxon genealogies, Beoƿa is the son or grandson of Sceafa, the Old English word for wikt:sheaf, sheaf. The noun ''beoƿ'' has an Old Norse parallel in ''Bygg'', the word for "grain." Related comparisons have been made between the figure of Beoƿ and Byggvir, attested in the ''Prose Edda'' as a servant of the god Freyr.Alexander (2002:28). Theories S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaut
is an early Germanic name, from a Proto-Germanic ''gautaz'', which represents a mythical ancestor or national god in the origin myth of the Geats. Etymology ''Gautaz'' may be connected to the name of the Swedish river Göta älv at the city of Gothenburg. The Geatish ethnonym *gautaz is related to the ethnonym of the Goths and of the Gutes (inhabitants of the island of Gotland), deriving from Proto-Germanic *gutô (cf. Gothic ''Gut-þiuda'', Old Norse ''gotar'' or ''gutar''). Tribal name Early inhabitants of present-day Götaland called themselves Geats (in Swedish language, Swedish ''Götar''), derived from *''Gautaz'' (plural *''Gautôz''), "to pour". Accounts The German chronicler Johannes Aventinus (ca. 1525) reported Gothus as one of 20 dukes who accompanied Tuisto into Europe, settling Gothaland as his personal fief, during the reign of Nimrod at Babel. The Swede Johannes Magnus around the same time as Aventinus, wrote that Gothus or Gethar, also known as Gogus or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
