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Quassia
''Quassia'' ( or ) is a plant genus in the family Simaroubaceae. Its size is disputed; some botanists treat it as consisting of only one species, '' Quassia amara'' from tropical South America, while others treat it in a wide circumscription as a pantropical genus containing up to 40 species of trees and shrubs. Taxonomy The genus was first published in Carl Linnaeus's book ''Species Plantarum'' ed. 2. on page 553 in 1762. The genus was named after a former slave from Suriname, Graman Quassi in the eighteenth century. He discovered the medicinal properties of the bark of '' Quassia amara''. In 1962, Dutch botanist Hans Peter Nooteboom (1934–2022) had taken a very broad view of the genus ''Quassia'' and included therein various genera including, ''Hannoa'' , '' Odyendyea'' , '' Pierreodendron'' , '' Samadera'' , '' Simaba'' and '' Simarouba'' . Then in 2007, DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses was carried out on members of the Simaroubaceae family. It found that ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quassia Amara
''Quassia amara'', also known as amargo, bitter-ash, bitterwood, or hombre grande (spanish language, spanish for ''big man'') is a species in the genus ''Quassia'', with some botanists treating it as the sole species in the genus. The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus who named it after the first botanist to describe it: the Surinamese freedman Graman Quassi. ''Q. amara'' is used as insecticide, in traditional medicine and as additive in the food industry. Name, image, harvested organ ''Quassia'' (genus) ''amara'' (species) is an attractive small evergreen shrub or tree from the tropics and belongs to the family ''Simaroubaceae''. ''Q. amara'' was named after Graman Quassi, a healer and botanist who showed Europeans the plant's fever treating uses. The name "amara" means "bitter" in Latin and describes its very bitter taste. ''Q. amara'' contains more than thirty phytochemicals with biological activities in its tissues including the very bitter compound Quassinoid, quassin. There ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graman Quassi
Graman Quassi ( – 12 March 1787) was a Surinamese physician, botanist and planter. Born in present-day Ghana, Quassi was taken to the Dutch colony of Surinam via the Atlantic slave trade, where he was initially enslaved on a sugar plantation before managing to emancipate himself. Assisting the Dutch colonial authorities in suppressing the activities of local maroons, he managed to rise to the top of the colony's small community of free people of color and eventually became a plantation owner himself. He gave his name to the plant genus ''Quassia''.R. Price. Kwasimukambas gambit. In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 135 (1979), no: 1, Leiden, 151-169 Biography Quassi's roots were among the Kwa speaking Akan people of present-day Ghana, but as a child he was enslaved and brought to the New World. In Suriname, a Dutch colony in South America, he was first put to work in the sugar plantation of ''New Timotebo''. Quassi had great linguistic and botanical knowledge. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simaroubaceae
The Simaroubaceae, also known as the quassia family, are a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades, it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off. A molecular phylogeny of the family was published in 2007, greatly clarifying relationships within the family. Together with chemical characteristics such as the occurrence of petroselinic acid in ''Picrasma'', in contrast to other members of the family such as ''Ailanthus'', this indicates the existence of a subgroup in the family with ''Picrasma'', ''Holacantha'', and '' Castela''. The best-known species is the temperate Chinese tree-of-heaven ''Ailanthus altissima'', which has become a cosmopolitan weed tree of urban areas and wildlands. Well-known genera in the family include the tropical ''Quassia'' and '' Simarouba''. It is known in English by the common names of the quassia family or ailanthus family. Genera 20 genera are accepted: *''Ailanthu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samadera Indica
''Samadera indica'' (syn. ''Quassia indica''), the bitter wood or Niepa bark tree, is a species of plant in the family Simaroubaceae. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in wet tropical regions, from west Africa, through India, then down through Indonesia to Malesia. It is used in folklore medicine in various Asian countries as well to treat various ailments such as malaria, fevers, rheumatism, bruises, skin conditions and others conditions. The leaves are used as insecticides against termites, and the wood is used for knife handles. Description ''Samadera indica'' is an evergreen tree or shrub,Umberto Quattrocchi. CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. CRC Press, p.45:2012. that can grow up to tall, or tall. It has pale yellow Bark (botany), bark, which is transversely cracked. There is no heartwood, and the bark has small pores, the Medullary ray (botany), medullary rays are very fine, uniform and closely packed.James Sykes Gamble It has stout branch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was the son of a curate and was born in Råshult, in the countryside of Småland, southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plants Of The World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online in March 2017 with the goal of creating an exhaustive online database of all seed-bearing plants worldwide. (Govaerts wrongly speaks of "Convention for Botanical Diversity (CBD)). The initial focus was on tropical African flora, particularly flora ''Zambesiaca'', flora of West and East Tropical Africa. Since March 2024, the website has displayed AI-generated predictions of the extinction risk for each plant. Description The database uses the same taxonomical source as the International Plant Names Index, which is the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP). The database contains information on the world's flora gathered from 250 years of botanical research. It aims to make available data from projects that no longer have an online ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simaba
''Simaba'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Simaroubaceae. Its native range stretches from southern tropical America and Trinidad, across to western tropical Africa to Angola then across to western Malesia. It was first published by French botanist Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet (1720–1778), in Hist. Pl. Guiane on page 409 in 1775. Hans Peter Nooteboom (1934–2022) in 1962 (published in 1963), took a very broad view of the genus ''Quassia'' and included therein various genera including, ''Hannoa'' , '' Odyendyea'' , ''Pierreodendron'' , ''Samadera'' , ''Simaba'' and ''Simarouba'' In 2007, molecular analyses of the Simaroubaceae family (Clayton et al., 2007), suggested the splitting up of genera ''Quassia'' again, with all Nooteboom's synonyms listed above being resurrected as independent genera. Species As accepted by Plants of the World Online; *'' Simaba africana'' *'' Simaba borneensis'' *''Simaba guianensis'' *'' Simaba monophylla' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simarouba
''Simarouba'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Simaroubaceae, native to the neotropics. It has been grouped in the subtribe Simaroubina along with the '' Simaba'' and ''Quassia'' genera. They have compound leaves, with between 1 and 12 pairs of alternate pinnate leaflets. Their flowers are unisexual, relatively small (around 1 cm long) and arranged in large panicles. Plants are dioecious, bearing only male or female flowers. The individual flowers have between 4 and 6 sepals and petals and between 8 and 12 stamens. The fruit is a carpophore and has up to 5 drupaceous mericarps. In 1944, Adolf Engler and Arthur Cronquist separated the species in the genus, based mainly on the morphology of their flowers, but also using differences in their leaf structure. ''S. amara'', ''S. glauca'' and ''S. versicolor'' are continental tree species and are often confused with each other, particularly in areas where more than one species is present in the flora. ''S. amara'' can b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blumea
''Blumea'' is a genus of flowering plants of the family Asteraceae. Characteristics Genus ''Blumea'' is found in the tropical and sub-tropical zones of Asia, especially the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. A few species are found in Australia and still fewer in Africa. The plants of this genus are mostly relatively small weeds. Some of them are ruderal species. A few of the species were formerly included in genus ''Conyza''. Many species of genus ''Blumea'' are used in traditional Chinese medicine. Other uses include as decorative dry plants. ''Blumea balsamifera'' (Nat; หนาด) is reputed to ward off spirits in Thai folklore, and is used in Philippines herbal medicine as well. '' Blumea axillaris'' (syn. ''Blumea mollis'') leaf essential oil contains linalool ( 19%), γ-elemene (c. 12%), copaene (c. 11%), estragole (c.11%), ''allo''-ocimene (c. 10%), γ-terpinene (8%) and ''allo''-aromadendrene (c. 7%). The essential oil had significant toxic effect against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quassia Africana
''Quassia'' ( or ) is a plant genus in the family Simaroubaceae. Its size is disputed; some botanists treat it as consisting of only one species, ''Quassia amara'' from tropical South America, while others treat it in a wide circumscription as a pantropical genus containing up to 40 species of trees and shrubs. Taxonomy The genus was first published in Carl Linnaeus's book ''Species Plantarum'' ed. 2. on page 553 in 1762. The genus was named after a former slave from Suriname, Graman Quassi in the eighteenth century. He discovered the medicinal properties of the bark of ''Quassia amara''. In 1962, Dutch botanist Hans Peter Nooteboom (1934–2022) had taken a very broad view of the genus ''Quassia'' and included therein various genera including, ''Hannoa'' , '' Odyendyea'' , ''Pierreodendron'' , ''Samadera'' , ''Simaba'' and ''Simarouba'' . Then in 2007, DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses was carried out on members of the Simaroubaceae family. It found that genus ''Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Flora Online
World Flora Online is an Internet-based compendium of the world's plant species. Description The World Flora Online (WFO) is an open-access database, launched in October 2012 as a follow-up project to The Plant List, with the aim of publishing an online flora of all known plants by 2020. It is a project of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, with goal of halting the loss of plant species worldwide by 2020. It is developed by a collaborative group of institutions around the world in response to the 2011–2020 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC)'s updated Target 1: to produce "an online flora of all known plants". An accessible flora of all known plant species was considered a fundamental requirement for plant conservation. It provides a baseline for the achievement and monitoring of other targets of the strategy. The previous target of GSPC was achieved in 2010 with The Plant List. WFO was conceived in 2012 by an initial group of four instituti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierreodendron
''Pierreodendron'' is a genus of plants in the family Simaroubaceae. Its native range is western tropical Africa and is found in Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Togo and Zaïre. It was first published by German botanist Adolf Engler in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. vol.39 on page 575 in 1907. The genus name of ''Pierreodendron'' is in honour of Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre (1833–1905), a French botanist known for his Asian studies, as well as ''dendron'' the Greek word for tree. Hans Peter Nooteboom (1934–2022) in 1962 (published in 1963), took a very broad view of the genus ''Quassia'' and included therein various genera including, ''Hannoa'' , '' Odyendyea'' , ''Pierreodendron'' , '' Samadera'' , '' Simaba'' and also '' Simarouba'' In 2007, molecular analyses of the Simaroubaceae family (Clayton et al., 2007), suggested the splitting up of genera ''Quassia'' again, with all Nooteboom's synonyms listed above being resurrected as independe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
