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Mechanisms (engineering)
Mechanism may refer to: *Mechanism (economics), a set of Game form, rules for a game designed to achieve Social choice function, a certain outcome **Mechanism design, the study of such mechanisms *Mechanism (engineering), rigid bodies connected by joints in order to accomplish a desired force and/or motion transmission *Mechanism (biology), explaining how a feature is created *Mechanism (philosophy), a theory that all natural phenomena can be explained by physical causes *Mechanism (sociology), a theory that all social phenomena can be explained by the existence of a deterministic mechanism Arts, films, and music * "The Mechanism", song by Disclosure * "Mechanism", song by Front Line Assembly from ''WarMech'' * The Mechanism (TV series), ''The Mechanism'' (TV series), a Netflix TV series See also *Machine *Machine (mechanical) *Linkage (mechanical) *Mechanism of action, the means by which a drug exerts its biological effects *Defence mechanism, unconscious mechanisms aimed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mechanism (economics)
In game theory and related fields, a game form, game frame, ruleset, or outcome function is the set of Game rule, rules that govern a game and determine its outcome based on each player's choices. A game form differs from a game in that it does not stipulate the utility, utilities or payoffs for each agent. Mathematics, Mathematically, a game form can be defined as a Map (mathematics), mapping going Domain of a function, from an ''action'' ''space''—which describes all the possible moves a player can make—Codomain, to an ''outcome space''. The action space is also often called a ''message space'' when the actions consist of providing information about beliefs or preferences, in which case it is called a direct mechanism. For example, an electoral system is a game form mapping a message space consisting of ballots to a winning candidate (the outcome). Similarly, an auction is a game form that takes each Bid price, bidder's price and maps them to both a winner and a set of payment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine
A machine is a physical system that uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such as those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolecules, such as molecular machines. Machines can be driven by animals and people, by natural forces such as wind and water, and by chemical, thermal, or electrical power, and include a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement. They can also include computers and sensors that monitor performance and plan movement, often called mechanical systems. Renaissance natural philosophers identified six simple machines which were the elementary devices that put a load into motion, and calculated the ratio of output force to input force, known today as mechanical advantage. Modern machines are complex systems that consist of structural elements, mechanisms and contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine (other)
A machine is a device that uses energy to perform some activity or task. Machine, Machines, Machinery, The Machine, or The Machines may also refer to: Term of art More specific applications of the general term * Machine (mechanical) device designed to apply forces and control movement * Machine (patent), one of the four statutory categories of patent-eligible subject matter under United States patent law Computing * a.k.a. computer ** Abstract machine, a theoretical model of a computer hardware or software system used in automata theory *** Turing machine, an abstract model of a computer ** virtual machine, a computing machine implemented in software rather than directly in hardware ** Machine-generated data * ''Machines'' (video game), a 1999 real-time strategy game for Microsoft Windows * The Machine (computer architecture), a computer architecture project announced in 2014 by Hewlett Packard Personal nickname The following are nicknamed "The Machine": * Bert Kreische ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theory Of Operation
A theory of operation is a description of how a device or system should work. It is often included in documentation, especially maintenance/service documentation, or a user manual. It aids troubleshooting by providing the troubleshooter with a mental model of how the system is supposed to work. The troubleshooter can then more easily identify discrepancies, to aid diagnosis Diagnosis (: diagnoses) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in a lot of different academic discipline, disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine " ... of problem. IBM Redbooks are "Theories of operation" of their products. References See also * Concept of operations Technical communication {{Tech-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antikythera Mechanism
The Antikythera mechanism ( , ) is an Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek hand-powered orrery (model of the Solar System). It is the oldest known example of an Analog computer, analogue computer. It could be used to predict astronomy, astronomical positions and eclipses decades in advance. It could also be used to track the four-year cycle of athletic games similar to an Olympiad, the cycle of the ancient Olympic Games. The artefact was among wreckage retrieved from Antikythera wreck, a shipwreck off the coast of the Greek island Antikythera in 1901. In 1902, during a visit to the National Archaeological Museum, Athens, National Archaeological Museum in Athens, it was noticed by Greek politician Spyridon Stais as containing a gear, prompting the first study of the fragment by his cousin, Valerios Stais, the museum director. The device, housed in the remains of a wooden-framed case of (uncertain) overall size , was found as one lump, later separated into three main fragments which ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reaction Mechanism
In chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step sequence of elementary reactions by which overall chemical reaction occurs. A chemical mechanism is a theoretical conjecture that tries to describe in detail what takes place at each stage of an overall chemical reaction. The detailed steps of a reaction are not observable in most cases. The conjectured mechanism is chosen because it is thermodynamically feasible and has experimental support in isolated intermediates (see next section) or other quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the reaction. It also describes each reactive intermediate, activated complex, and transition state, which bonds are broken (and in what order), and which bonds are formed (and in what order). A complete mechanism must also explain the reason for the reactants and catalyst used, the stereochemistry observed in reactants and products, all products formed and the amount of each. The electron or arrow pushing method is often used in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defence Mechanism
In psychoanalytic theory, defence mechanisms are Unconscious mind, unconscious psychological processes that protect the self from anxiety-producing thoughts and feelings related to internal conflicts and external stressors. According to this theory, healthy people use different defence mechanisms throughout life. A defence mechanism can become Pathology, pathological when its persistent use leads to maladaptive behaviour such that the physical or mental health of the individual is adversely affected. Among the purposes of defence mechanisms is to protect the mind/self/ego from anxiety or to provide a refuge from a situation with which one cannot currently cope. Examples of defence mechanisms include: ''Repression (psychoanalysis), repression'', the exclusion of unacceptable desires and ideas from consciousness; ''Identification (psychology), identification'', the incorporation of some aspects of an object into oneself; ''Rationalization (psychology), rationalization'', the ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mechanism Of Action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical Drug interaction, interaction through which a Medication, drug substance produces its pharmacological effect. A mechanism of action usually includes mention of the specific molecular targets to which the drug binds, such as an enzyme or receptor (biochemistry), receptor. Receptor sites have specific affinities for drugs based on the chemical structure of the drug, as well as the specific action that occurs there. Drugs that do not bind to receptors produce their corresponding therapeutic effect by simply interacting with chemical or physical properties in the body. Common examples of drugs that work in this way are antacids and laxatives. In contrast, a Mode of action, mode of action (MoA) describes functional or anatomical changes, at the cellular level, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance. Importance Elucidating the mechanism of action of novel drugs and medicati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linkage (mechanical)
A mechanical linkage is an assembly of systems connected so as to manage forces and Motion, movement. The movement of a body, or link, is studied using geometry so the link is considered to be Rigid body, rigid. The connections between links are modeled as providing ideal movement, pure rotation or Sliding (motion), sliding for example, and are called joints. A linkage modeled as a network of rigid links and ideal joints is called a kinematic chain. Linkages may be constructed from open chains, closed chains, or a combination of open and closed chains. Each link in a chain is connected by a joint to one or more other links. Thus, a kinematic chain can be modeled as a graph in which the links are paths and the joints are vertices, which is called a linkage graph. The movement of an ideal joint is generally associated with a subgroup of the group of Euclidean geometry, Euclidean displacements. The number of parameters in the subgroup is called the degree of freedom (mecha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine (mechanical)
A machine is a physical system that uses Power (physics), power to apply forces and control Motion, movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such as those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolecules, such as molecular machines. Machines can be driven by Animal power, animals and Human power, people, by natural forces such as Wind power, wind and Water power, water, and by Chemical energy, chemical, Thermal energy, thermal, or electricity, electrical power, and include a system of mechanism (engineering), mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement. They can also include computers and sensors that monitor performance and plan movement, often called mechanical systems. Renaissance natural philosophers identified six simple machines which were the elementary devices that put a load into motion, and calculated the ratio of output force to input force, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Mechanism (TV Series)
() is a Brazilian political drama television series created by José Padilha and Elena Soarez, directed by Padilha, Felipe Prado, and Marcos Prado, and written by Elena Soarez. The show depicts Operation Car Wash (), an ongoing police taskforce that discovered a widespread corruption scheme involving the Brazilian government and several prominent engineering firms. The series premiered all episodes of the first season March 23, 2018, worldwide, on Netflix. On May 28, 2018, the series was renewed for a second season. The second season premiered on Netflix on May 10, 2019. Plot Marco Ruffo ( Selton Mello) is a Federal Police agent obsessed with the case he is investigating. When he least expects it, he and his apprentice, Verena Cardoni ( Carol Abras), are already immersed in one of the largest diversion and money laundering investigations in Brazilian history. The proportion is so great that the course of investigations completely changes the lives of all involved. Cast * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Game Form
In game theory and related fields, a game form, game frame, ruleset, or outcome function is the set of rules that govern a game and determine its outcome based on each player's choices. A game form differs from a game in that it does not stipulate the utilities or payoffs for each agent. Mathematically, a game form can be defined as a mapping going from an ''action'' ''space''—which describes all the possible moves a player can make— to an ''outcome space''. The action space is also often called a ''message space'' when the actions consist of providing information about beliefs or preferences, in which case it is called a direct mechanism. For example, an electoral system is a game form mapping a message space consisting of ballots to a winning candidate (the outcome). Similarly, an auction is a game form that takes each bidder's price and maps them to both a winner and a set of payments by the bidders. Often, a game form is a set of rules or institutions designed to implem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
