|
Cyrus Family Tree
The Achaemenid Empire was the first Persian empire, founded in 550 BC by Cyrus the Great, part of the Achaemenid dynasty. Family tree See also * :Template:Cyrus family tree Notes :*: Unconfirmed rulers, due to the Behistun Inscription The Behistun Inscription (also Bisotun, Bisitun or Bisutun; , Old Persian: Bagastana, meaning "the place of god") is a multilingual Achaemenid royal inscriptions, Achaemenid royal inscription and large rock relief on a cliff at Mount Behistun i .... References * Family trees of royalty {{Iran-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (; , , ), was an Iranian peoples, Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it was the List of largest empires#Timeline of largest empires to date, largest empire by that point in history, spanning a total of . The empire spanned from the Balkans and ancient Egypt, Egypt in the west, most of West Asia, the majority of Central Asia to the northeast, and the Indus Basin, Indus Valley of South Asia to the southeast. Around the 7th century BC, the region of Persis in the southwestern portion of the Iranian plateau was settled by the Persians. From Persis, Cyrus rose and defeated the Medes, Median Empire as well as Lydia and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, marking the establishment of a new imperial polity under the Achaemenid dynasty. In the modern era, the Achaemenid Empire has been recognised for its imposition of a succ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambyses II Of Persia
Cambyses II () was the second King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning 530 to 522 BCE. He was the son of and successor to Cyrus the Great (); his mother was Cassandane. His relatively brief reign was marked by his conquests in North Africa, notably Egypt, which he took by defeating pharaoh Psamtik III () at the battle of Pelusium in 525 BC. After his victory in Egypt, he expanded the empire's holdings in Africa by taking Cyrenaica, the coastal region of eastern Libya. In the spring of 522 BC, Cambyses had to leave Egypt hastily to put down a revolt in Persia. En route in Syria ( Eber-Nari), Cambyses somehow received a thigh wound; it soon became gangreneous. Cambyses died three weeks later in Agbatana, likely the modern city of Hama. He died childless, and was thus succeeded by his younger brother Bardiya. Bardiya ruled for a short time, and was then overthrown by Darius the Great (), who went on to increase the power of the Achaemenids even further. Before his accessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achaemenes (satrap)
Achaemenes ( ;M. A. Dandamayev, “Achaemenes,” Encyclopædia Iranica, I/4, p. 414; an updated version is available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/achaemenes-greek , also incorrectly called Achaemenides by Ctesias) was an Achaemenid general and satrap of ancient Egypt during the early 5th century BC, at the time of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt. Career A son of king Darius I by his queen Atossa and thus a full brother of Xerxes I, Achaemenes was appointed satrap of Egypt some time between 486 and 484 BC, shortly after Xerxes' accession. At the time, Egypt was revolting against Achaemenid rule, and it appears likely that the previous satrap Pherendates lost his life in the turmoil. The rebellion, possibly led by a self-proclaimed pharaoh named Psammetichus IV, was eventually quelled by Achaemenes around 484 BC. After the victory, Achaemenes adopted a more repressive policy in order to discourage new rebellions, although the effect was actually the opposite. W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masistes
Masistes (Old Persian 𐎶𐎰𐎡𐏁𐎫, ''Maθišta''; Greek Μασίστης, ''Masístēs''; Old Iranian *''Masišta''; died 478 BC) was a Persian prince of the Achaemenid Dynasty, son of king Darius I (reign: 520-486 BC) and of his wife Atossa, and full brother of king Xerxes I (reign: 486-465 BC). He was satrap (governor) of Bactria during his brother's reign, where he attempted to start a revolt in 478 BC. Chief marshal Masistes was one of the six chief marshals of the Greek campaigns of Xerxes (480-479 BC). Along with general Mardonius, he commanded the army column that crossed Thrace along the coast; however, he was almost completely absent during the course of the war, including the battles of Salamis and Plataea. He reappeared close to the end of the war, when he fought in the Battle of Mycale (479 BC). According to Herodotus, the battle was just about to take place at sea, but the Persians decided to come ashore in Ionia, Asia Minor, and fight on land. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ariabignes
Ariabignes (, ) was one of the sons of the Persian king Darius I and his mother was a daughter of Gobryas (). He participated in the Second Persian invasion of Greece, as one of the four admirals of the fleet of his brother Xerxes I, and was killed in the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC. Ariabignes was the commander of the Carian and Ionian forces. Life Plutarch calls him, Ariamenes (),Plutarch ''Parallel Lives'' "Themistocles", 14 and speaks of him as a brave man and the most just of the brothers of Xerxes. The same writer relates that this Ariamenes laid claim to the throne on the death of Darius, as the eldest of his sons, but was opposed by Xerxes, who maintained that he had a right to the crown as the eldest of the sons born after Darius had become king. The Persians appointed Artabanus to decide the dispute; and upon his declaring in favour of Xerxes, Ariamenes immediately saluted his brother as king, and was treated by him with great respect. According to HerodotusHerodotus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gobryas (father Of Mardonius)
Gobryas (; g-u-b-ru-u-v, reads as ''Gaub(a)ruva''?; Elamite: ''Kambarma'') was father of Mardonius and lance-bearer of Darius I. Gobryas was one of the six helpers of Darius in killing Gaumāta in September 522 BC mentioned by Herodotus. He was appointed as Darius' lance carrier (arštibara). He is represented on the Behistun inscription and on Darius' tomb in Naqsh-e Rustam, as: Gaubaruva \ Pâtišuvariš \ Dârayavahauš \ xšâyathiyahyâ \ arštbara ''Gobryas from Pâtišuvariš, the lance carrier of king Darius.'' Pâtišuvariš may be the mountainous region north of Alborz in northern Iran, probably Mazandaran. In 521 BC, he was sent to Elam to defeat the rebel king Atamaita; (Behistun Inscription, paragraph 71) after this, he served as satrap of Elam. Gobryas' family was closely entwined with the family of Darius the Great. Gobryas married the sister of Darius, known variously as Artazostre or Radušdukda. Their son Mardonius, was the Commander-in-Chief of the arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ariomardus
Ariomardus was the name of a number of people from classical antiquity: * A son of the Persian King Darius I and his wife Parmys.Lendering, J:Parmys, in http://www.livius.org He attended Xerxes I into Greece, being in command of the Moschi and Tibareni. * The brother of Artuphius, who commanded the Caspii in the army of Xerxes I. * The ruler of Thebes in Egypt, and one of the commanders of the Egyptians in the army of Xerxes.Aeschylus, ''The Persians'' 38, 313. References Further reading The history of Herodotus, Volume 2at Project Gutenberg Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital li ... Persian people of the Greco-Persian Wars 5th-century BC Iranian people {{AncientNearEast-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parmys
Parmys (Old Persian: ''(H)uparviyā'', Elamite: ''Uparmiya'') was a Achaemenid Empire, Persian princess, the only daughter of Bardiya (Smerdis), son of Cyrus the Great. Once Darius the Great seized the Achaemenid thrones, he married two daughters (Atossa and Artystone) of Cyrus the Great, then later married Parmys. Parmys bore him a son called Ariomardus. References Sources *Herodotus, III, 88; VII, 78 *Persepolis Fortification Tablets (where she is called Uparmiya) *Brosius, M: ''Women in Ancient Persia, 559-331 BC'', Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998. *Lendering, J:Parmys{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014144745/http://www.livius.org/pan-paz/parmys/parmys.html , date=2012-10-14 ", in http://www.livius.orgPersepolis Fortification Archive Project 6th-century BC births 5th-century BC deaths 6th-century BC women 5th-century BC women Queens consort of the Achaemenid Empire 6th-century BC Iranian people 5th-century BC Iranian people Achaemenid princesses Family o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xerxes I Of Persia
Xerxes I ( – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, was a Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC. He was the son of Darius the Great and Atossa, a daughter of Cyrus the Great. In Western history, Xerxes is best known for his invasion of Greece in 480 BC, which ended in Persian defeat. Xerxes was designated successor by Darius over his elder brother Artobazan and inherited a large, multi-ethnic empire upon his father's death. He consolidated his power by crushing revolts in Egypt and Babylon, and renewed his father's campaign to subjugate Greece and punish Athens and its allies for their interference in the Ionian Revolt. In 480 BC, Xerxes personally led a large army and crossed the Hellespont into Europe. He achieved victories at Thermopylae and Artemisium before capturing and razing Athens. His forces gained control of mainland Greece north of the Isthmus of Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megabazus
Megabazus (Old Persian: ''Bagavazdā'' or ''Bagabāzu'', ), son of Megabates, was a highly regarded Persian general under Darius, to whom he was a first-degree cousin. Most of the information about Megabazus comes from '' The Histories'' by Herodotus. Scythian campaign (513 BC) Megabazus led the army of the Persian King Darius I in 513 BC during his European Scythian campaign. After this had to be discontinued without result, Megabazos was left as commander-in-chief of an 80,000-man army in Europe, with the mission of subjugating the Greek cities on the Hellespont. The Persian troops first subjugated gold-rich Thrace after capturing Perinthos and the coastal Greek cities, and then defeated the powerful Paeonians, many of whom he deported to Phrygia. Subjugation of Macedon Finally, Megabazus sent envoys to Amyntas I, king of Macedon, demanding acceptance of Persian domination, which the king accepted. Megabazus received the present of " Earth and Water" from Amyntas, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artaphernes
Artaphernes (Greek language, Greek: Ἀρταφέρνης, Old Persian language, Old Persian: Artafarna, from Median language, Median ''Rtafarnah''), was influential circa 513–492 BC and was a brother of the Achaemenid king of Persia, Darius I. He was appointed satrap of Lydia from the capital of Sardis, and was a Persian general. In his position he had numerous contacts with the Greeks, and played an important role in both the Siege of Naxos (499 BC), Siege of Naxos and in suppressing the Ionian Revolt. Etymology Artaphernes was likely an adaptation of by the etymology (Greek phren "spirit, soul") of Artaphernes, which corresponded to Artafanah (endowed with the Glory of the Right). Arta is a common prefix for Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid names and means justice. Khvarenah, Farnah means "splendour, glory." Biography Background to Satrapy Artaphernes was the son of Hystaspes (father of Darius I), Hystaspes and brother of Darius I. When Darius took power, he organized h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atossa
Atossa (Old Persian: ''Utauθa'', or Old Iranian: ''Hutauθa''; 550–475 BC) was an Achaemenid empress. She was the daughter of Cyrus the Great, the sister of Cambyses II, the wife of Darius the Great, the mother of Xerxes the Great and the grandmother of Artaxerxes I. Name The Persian name "Atossa" (or "Atusa") means "bestowing very richly" or "well trickling" or "well granting". Atossa is the Greek () transliteration of the Old Persian name ''Utauθa.'' Her name in Avestan is ''Hutaosā''. Queen Atossa is the most famous bearer of this name, however, the name Atossa appears to have been a traditional one within the Achaemenid clan. According to the genealogy of the Kings of Cappadocia, the name Atossa was also borne by a sister of Cambyses I and sister-wife of Artaxerxes II. Early life Atossa was born in 550 BCE as the eldest daughter of Cyrus the Great and his wife Cassandane. Cassandane, an Achaemenian and the daughter of Pharnaspes, bore Cyrus two sons, Cambyses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
