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Crataegus × Grignonensis
''Crataegus'' × ''grignonensis'' sometimes spelled ''grignoniensis'', is a hybrid hawthorn commonly known as "Grignon hawthorn". The hybrid originated as a seedling of '' Crataegus mexicana''. It is an excellent small ornamental tree up to about 5 meters in height, with deep red fruit that contain 1 or 2 pyrenes Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. The chemical formula is . This yellow-green solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused thro .... Ancestry An atypical seedling from ''C. mexicana'' (which is often referred to by the illegitimate name ''Crataegus pubescens'' Steud.) appeared in 1873 among plants being cultivated at the Arboretum de Grignon, France. The male parent was thought at the time to be ''C. crus-galli'', but that parentage produced ''C.'' x ''lavalleei'', which looks quite different. It is thought to be more likely that the pollen parent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Mouillefert
Pierre Mouillefert was a French botanist who specialized in dendrology, the study of trees. He was professor of silviculture at ''l'École nationale d'Agriculture de Grignon'', and the present-day Arboretum de Grignon The Arboretum de Grignon (; 0.8 hectares) is an arboretum located within the campus of the ''Institut des sciences et industries du vivant et de l'environnement'' (AgroParisTech) on Avenue Lucien Brétignières, Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Île-d .... His herbarium and some of his publications were lost in 1940. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Mouillefert, Pierre 19th-century French botanists 1846 births 1903 deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crataegus
''Crataegus'' (), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, Voss, E. G. 1985. ''Michigan Flora: A guide to the identification and occurrence of the native and naturalized seed-plants of the state. Part II: Dicots (Saururaceae–Cornaceae)''. Cranbrook Institute of Science and University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, Michigan. May-tree,Graves, Robert. ''The White Goddess: A Historical Grammar of Poetic Myth'', 1948, amended and enlarged 1966, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn ''C. monogyna'', and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hybrid (biology)
In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, subspecies, species or genera through sexual reproduction. Generally, it means that each cell has genetic material from two different organisms, whereas an individual where some cells are derived from a different organism is called a chimera. Hybrids are not always intermediates between their parents such as in blending inheritance (a now discredited theory in modern genetics by particulate inheritance), but can show hybrid vigor, sometimes growing larger or taller than either parent. The concept of a hybrid is interpreted differently in animal and plant breeding, where there is interest in the individual parentage. In genetics, attention is focused on the numbers of chromosomes. In taxonomy, a key question is how closely related the parent species are. Species are reproductively isolated by strong barriers to hybridization, which include genetic and morph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crataegus Mexicana
''Crataegus mexicana'' is a species of hawthorn known by the common names , , and Mexican hawthorn. It is native to the mountains of Mexico and parts of Guatemala, and has been introduced in the Andes. The fruit of this species is one of the most useful among hawthorns. ''Crataegus pubescens'' Steud. is a nomenclaturally illegitimate name (for ''Crataegus gracilior'' J.B.PhippsPhipps JB (1997) Monograph of Northern Mexican ''Crataegus'' (Rosaceae, subfam. Maloideae). Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.A.) that is commonly misapplied to this species. Etymology , the Mexican name for this fruit, comes from the Nahuatl word which means 'stone fruit'. The alternative (and ambiguous) name (or in Guatemala) means 'little apple' in Spanish. The generic name, ''Crataegus'', is derived from a Latinized Greek compound word literally meaning 'strong sharp,' in reference to the strong wood, and thorny habitus of several species. Description The plant is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrena
A pyrena () or pyrene, commonly called a pit or stone, is the fruitstone within a drupe or drupelet produced by the ossification of the endocarp or lining of the fruit. It consists of a hard endocarp tissue surrounding one or more seeds (also called the "kernel"). The hardened endocarp which constitutes the pyrene provides a protective physical barrier around the seed, shielding it from pathogens and herbivory. While many drupes are monopyrenous, containing only one pyrene, pome-type fruit with a hard, stony (rather than leathery) endocarp are typically polypyrenous drupes, containing multiple pyrenes. Development The hardening of the endocarp of a developing drupe occurs via secondary cell wall formation and lignification. The biopolymer lignin, also found in wood, provides a structure within secondary cell walls which supports the polymerisation of cellulose and hemicellulose; together these polymers provide the endocarp with tensile strength and stiffness. Further harden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arboretum De Grignon
The Arboretum de Grignon (; 0.8 hectares) is an arboretum located within the campus of the ''Institut des sciences et industries du vivant et de l'environnement'' (AgroParisTech) on Avenue Lucien Brétignières, Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Île-de-France, France. It is closed to the public but may be visited by groups. The arboretum was established in 1873 by Pierre Mouillefert, professor at Grignon, who published in 1896 a pamphlet describing the arboretum at that date; however, it was lost in 1940. The arboretum grew gradually over time, with the most recent plantings between 1976-1978. Various of the trees were labeled in 1975 by Mr. George Callen of the Arboretum de Chèvreloup, and in 1991 Mr. Augustin Scalbert created a map identifying almost all trees. At that time, the arboretum contained approximately 230 specimens (66% deciduous, 34% conifers). Unfortunately, the arboretum was heavily damaged in the storm of December 1999, which destroyed 23 trees and severely damaged ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crataegus Crus-galli
''Crataegus crus-galli'' is a species of hawthorn known by the common names cockspur hawthorn and cockspur thorn. It is native to North America and is widely used in horticulture. It produces edible fruit. Description This is a small tree growing up to about 10 meters tall and 8 meters wide, rounded in form when young and spreading and flattening as it matures. The leaves are 5 to 6 centimeters long, glossy dark green in color and turning gold to red in the fall. The flowers are white and have a scent generally considered unpleasant. The fruits are small pomes that vary in colour, usually a shade of red. Most wild varieties of the tree are heavily armed in sharp thorns several centimeters long. Taxonomy It is thought to be the parent, along with '' Crataegus succulenta'', of the tetraploid species '' Crataegus persimilis''. Distribution and habitat It is native to eastern North America from Ontario to Texas to Florida. Cultivation This species is a popular ornamental tree, es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crataegus × Lavalleei
''Crataegus'' × ''lavalleei'', sometimes known as hybrid cockspurthorn or Lavallée's hawthorn, is a hybrid that arose between cultivated specimens of two species in the genus ''Crataegus'' (Hawthorn). It is an ornamental small tree with glossy dark green unlobed leaves that is used horticulturally. The female parent was '' C. mexicana'' (sometimes mistakenly called ''C. pubescens''), and the male parent is thought to be '' C. calpodendron'' (which is sometimes mistakenly called ''C. crus-galli''). Carrière's hawthorn, ''C.'' × ''carrierei'' has the same parentage, and is therefore a synonym, i.e. the same species. There are minor differences between Lavallée's hawthorn and Carrière's hawthorn, and the latter is considered a separate cultivar, which is formally written as ''Crataegus'' 'Carrierei'. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established award for plants by the British Royal Horticultura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crataegus Monogyna
''Crataegus monogyna'', known as common hawthorn, whitethorn, one-seed hawthorn, or single-seeded hawthorn, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It grows to about tall, producing plant sexuality, hermaphrodite flowers in late spring. The berry-like pomes (known as haws) contain a stone-encased seed. The plant is native to Europe, but has been introduced in many other parts of the world. The pome flesh is of little culinary interest due to its dryness, but is used to make jellies. The young leaves and petals are also edible. Description The common hawthorn is a shrub or small tree up to about tall, with a dense crown. The Bark (botany), bark is dull brown with vertical orange cracks. The younger stems bear sharp thorns, about long. The leaves are long, obovate, and deeply lobed, sometimes almost to the midrib, with the lobes spreading at a wide angle. The upper surface is dark green above and paler underneath. The hermaphrodite flowers are produced i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
