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Convention Of El Arish
The Convention of El Arish was signed on 24 January 1800 by representatives from French Consulate, France and the Ottoman Empire in the presence of a British representative. It was intended to bring to an end the French campaign in Egypt and Syria, with the repatriation of French troops to France and the return of all territory to the Ottomans. In December 1799 the British government had issued orders that its commanders were not to allow a separate treaty to be agreed between the Ottomans and France in which their troops would be returned to Europe. However these instructions did not reach the British naval commander in Egypt, Sidney Smith (Royal Navy officer), Sidney Smith, until after the convention had been signed. When Smith and his senior officer, George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith, Lord Keith, communicated this stipulation to the French forces the French commander Jean-Baptiste Kléber was outraged. He ordered his troops to attack the Ottomans and won the subsequent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonaparte Ante La Esfinge, Por Jean-Léon Gérôme
Bonaparte is a French and Italian surname. It derives from Italian language, Italian ''bona'' (''buona'') 'good' and ''parte'' 'solution' or 'match' (a name bestowed as an expression of satisfaction at a newborn's arrival). Bonaparte may refer to: People *The House of Bonaparte (est. 1804), an imperial and royal European dynasty **Napoleon, Napoleon I (1769–1821), First Empire emperor of France, founder of the noble house **Joseph Bonaparte, King of Naples and Spain **Napoleon III, Second Empire emperor of France *José Bonaparte (1928–2020), Argentine paleontologist *Charles Bonaparte (other), the name of several people * Napoleon Bonaparte (other), the name of several people Places Antarctica * Bonaparte Point, next to Arthur Harbour * Mount Bonaparte (Antarctica) Australia * Bonaparte Basin, sedimentary basin across the boundary of Western Australia and the Northern Territory * Bonaparte Coast, another name for the Northwest Shelf Transition regio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Menou 1750 1810
Jacques or Jacq are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over one hundred identified noble families related to the surname by the Nobility & Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Origins The origin of this surname comes from the Latin ' Iacobus', associated with the biblical patriarch Jacob. Ancient history A French knight returning from the Crusades in the Holy Lands probably adopted the surname from "Saint Jacques" (or "James the Greater"). James the Greater was one of Jesus' Twelve Apostles, and is believed to be the first martyred apostle. Being endowed with this surname was an honor at the time and it is likely that the Church allowed it because of acts during the Crusades. Indeed, at this time, the use of biblical, Christian, or Hebrew names and surnames became very popular, and entered the European lexicon. Robert J., a Knight Crusader ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanover
Hanover ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Lower Saxony. Its population of 535,932 (2021) makes it the List of cities in Germany by population, 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-largest in northern Germany after Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen. Hanover's urban area comprises the towns of Garbsen, Langenhagen and Laatzen and has a population of about 791,000 (2018). The Hanover Region has approximately 1.16 million inhabitants (2019) and is the largest in the Hannover–Braunschweig–Göttingen–Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region, Hanover–Braunschweig–Göttingen–Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region, the List of EU metropolitan areas by GDP, 17th biggest metropolitan area by GDP in the European Union. Before it became the capital of Lower Saxony in 1946, Hanover was the capital of the Principality of Calenberg (1636–1692), the Electorate of Hanover (1692–1814), the Kingdom of Hanover (1814–1866), the Province of Hannove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Tyrwhitt Jones
Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt Jones, 1st Baronet FRS (1 September 1765 – 26 November 1811) of Stanley Hall, Shropshire, was a British politician. Early life Tyrwhitt was born on 1 September 1765. He was the eldest son of Captain John Tyrwhitt, RN, of Netherclay House, Bishop's Hull, Somerset, and the former Katherine Booth, daughter and heiress of the Very Rev. Peniston Booth, Dean of Windsor and Katherine ( Jones) Booth (a daughter of the Revd Canon Edward Jones). Among his siblings was Richard Tyrwhitt, a barrister who married Elizabeth Lipyeatt. He was educated at Winchester and Christ Church, Oxford. He succeeded his cousin Sir Thomas Jones in 1782, adopting the additional surname of Jones in 1790. Career He was the Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis from 1790 to June 1791. Jones subsequently represented several other constituencies. He was MP for Denbigh Boroughs from January 1797 to 1802; Athlone from 22 August 1803 to 1806; and Shrewsbury from 1807 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of parliament. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons". History and naming The House of Commons of England, House of Commons of the Kingdom of England evolved from an undivided parliament to serve as the voice of the tax-paying subjects of the Ceremonial counties of England, counties and the borough constituency, boroughs. Knight of the shire, Knights of the shire, elected from each county, were usually landowners, while the borough members were often from the merchant classes. These members represented subjects of the Crown who were not Lords Temporal or Spiritual, who themselves sat in the House of Lords. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Pitt The Younger
William Pitt (28 May 1759 – 23 January 1806) was a British statesman who served as the last prime minister of Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain from 1783 until the Acts of Union 1800, and then first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, prime minister of the United Kingdom from January 1801. He left office in March 1801, but served as prime minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806. He was also Chancellor of the Exchequer for all of his time as prime minister. He is known as "Pitt the Younger" to distinguish him from his father, William Pitt the Elder, who had also previously served as prime minister. Pitt's prime ministerial tenure, which came during the reign of King George III, was dominated by major political events in Europe, including the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. Pitt, although often referred to as a Tory (British political party), Tory, or "new Tory", called himself an "independent Whig (British political party), Whig" and was generally oppo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques-François Menou
Jacques-François de Menou, Baron of Boussay (3 September 1750 – 13 August 1810) was a French Army officer and politician who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He is best known for his role in the unsuccessful French invasion of Egypt and Syria, where Menou converted to Islam and was renamed Abdallah de Menou. French Revolution Born in Boussay, Indre-et-Loire to an aristocratic family, he had already attained the rank of '' maréchal de camp'' in the French Royal Army in 1789 when he was elected by the Second Estate of the bailiwick of Touraine to the Estates General of 1789. He was a liberal nobleman and supported the reforms of the National Constituent Assembly, of which he was elected secretary in December and president for a standard two weeks term (27 March - 12 April 1790). He served as a member of the diplomatic committee. With the closing of the National Assembly in September 1791, he was employed as maréchal de camp in Paris, and then to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suleiman Al-Halabi
Suleiman al-Halabi (; – 17 June 1800) was a Syria (region), Syrian Islamic Theology (Aqidah), theology student best known for assassinating Jean-Baptiste Kléber, then serving as the commander of the French campaign in Egypt and Syria, in 1800. Born in the village of Kukan, Ottoman Syria into a family of Kurds, Kurdish descent, he was sent by his father to study Aqidah, Islamic theology at the Al-Azhar University in Cairo in 1797 when the French First Republic, French launched a concurrent invasion of Egypt Eyalet, Egypt. Completing his studies three years later, he returned home before travelling back to Egypt Arriving in Cairo, al-Halabi monitored Kléber's residence for approximately a month before sneaking into the garden on 14 June and confronting Kléber, stabbing him to death in disputed circumstances. He tried to escape but was quickly found by French soldiers and arrested. After undergoing torture in French custody, he confessed to killing Kléber. His right hand was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heliopolis, Cairo
Heliopolis (, ', , "New Egypt") was an early 20th century suburb outside Cairo, Egypt, which has since merged with Cairo and is administratively divided into the districts of Masr El Gedida and El Nozha in the Eastern Area. Named after the ancient Egyptian city of Heliopolis, whose ruins have been found in nearby Ain Shams, modern Heliopolis was established in 1905 by the Heliopolis Oasis Company headed by the Belgian industrialist Édouard Empain and by Boghos Nubar, son of the Egyptian Prime Minister Nubar Pasha. The population in January 2022 of Masr El Gedida was estimated to be 142,017 and in El-Nozha was 244,869 people. History Édouard Louis Joseph, 1st Baron Empain visited Egypt in January 1904 to rescue one of the projects of his company ''S.A. des Chemins de Fer de la Basse-Egypte''; the construction of a railway line linking Mansourah (on the Nile river) to Matariya (on the far side of Lake Manzala from Port Said). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cairo
Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, List of largest cities in the Arab world, the Arab world, and List of largest metropolitan areas of the Middle East, the Middle East. The Greater Cairo metropolitan area is List of largest cities, one of the largest in the world by population with over 22.1 million people. The area that would become Cairo was part of ancient Egypt, as the Giza pyramid complex and the ancient cities of Memphis, Egypt, Memphis and Heliopolis (ancient Egypt), Heliopolis are near-by. Located near the Nile Delta, the predecessor settlement was Fustat following the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 641 next to an existing ancient Roman empire, Roman fortress, Babylon Fortress, Babylon. Subsequently, Cairo was founded by the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid dynasty in 969. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unconditional Surrender
An unconditional surrender is a surrender in which no guarantees, reassurances, or promises (i.e., conditions) are given to the surrendering party. It is often demanded with the threat of complete destruction, extermination or annihilation. Announcing that only unconditional surrender is acceptable puts psychological pressure on a weaker adversary, but it may also prolong hostilities. A party typically only demands unconditional surrender when it has a significant advantage over their adversaries, when victory is thought to be inevitable. In modern times, unconditional surrenders most often include guarantees provided by international law. In some cases, surrender is truly accepted unconditionally; while in other cases terms are offered and accepted, but forces are declared to be subject to "unconditional surrender" for symbolic purposes. This type of surrender may also be accepted by the surrendering party under the expectation of guarantees agreed to informally. Examples Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minorca
Menorca or Minorca (from , later ''Minorica'') is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Mallorca. Its capital is Maó, situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella and Maó are the main ports and largest towns. Menorca had a population of 102,477 at the Census of 1 January 2025, Its highest point, called El Toro (from Catalan "''turó''" meaning ''hill''), roughly in the middle of the island, is above sea level. History The island is known for its collection of megalithic stone monuments: ''navetes'', ''taules'' and ''talaiots'', which indicate very early prehistoric human activity. Some of the earliest culture on Menorca was influenced by other Mediterranean cultures, including the Greek Minoans of ancient Crete (see also Gymnesian Islands). For example, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
