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Constrictotermes Guantanamensis
Constrictotermes is a genus of neotropical higher termites within the subfamily Nasutitermitinae. They form large open-air foraging columns from which they travel to and from their sources of food, similar to the Indomalayan species of processionary termites. Species of this genus commonly build epigeal or arboreal nests and feed on a variety of lichens, rotted woods and mosses. Description Soldiers are monomorphic and identifiable with a notable constriction of the head behind the antenna sockets; the antenna have 13-14 articles, and the points of the mandibles are small. Species of this genus are distributed throughout the neotropics, occurring primarily within South America and Central America; with one species, ''C. guantanamensis,'' being found within the extreme southeastern coast of Cuba. Within South America, Constrictotermes spp. can be found from the tropical rainforests of the Amazon to the xeric shrublands of northeastern Brazil. As with all Nasutitermitinae te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nils Holmgren
Nils Frithiof Holmgren (1877–1954) was a Swedish zoologist and comparative anatomist. He was professor of zoology at Stockholm University from 1921 to 1944. In 1906 Holmgren defended his doctoral dissertation at Stockholm University. In 1912 he became a teacher there, and in 1919 assistant professor of zoology, and in 1921 full professor. His early work focussed on the biology, systematics and anatomy of insects, especially termites, as in (1906) and (1909–1912). In later work he focused on the structure of the brain in worms, arthropods and vertebrates, publishing (1916) (Comparative anatomy of the brain), (1919), (1920), ''Points of view concerning forebrain morphology in lower vertebrates'' (1922), (with C. J. van der Horst) ''Contribution to the morphology of the brain'' in Ceratodus (1925), and ''Points of view concerning forebrain morphology in higher vertebrates'' (1925). This work made him a world expert on the nervous systems of the lower vertebrates. Later w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neotropical Realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical realm is one of the eight terrestrial realms. This realm includes South America, Central America, the Caribbean islands, and southern North America. In Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula and southern lowlands, and most of the east and west coastlines, including the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula are Neotropical. In the United States southern Florida and coastal Central Florida are considered Neotropical. The realm also includes temperate southern South America. In contrast, the Neotropical Floristic Kingdom excludes southernmost South America, which instead is placed in the Antarctic kingdom. The Neotropic is delimited by similarities in fauna or flora. Its fauna and flora are di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termitidae
Termitidae is the largest family of termites whose members are commonly known as the higher termites. They are evolutionarily the most specialised termite group, with their highly compartmentalized hindgut lacking the flagellated protozoans common to "lower termites". Whereas lower termites are restricted mostly to woody tissue, higher termites have diverse diets consisting of wood, grass, leaf litter, fungi, lichen, faeces, humus and soil. Subfamilies The family contains the following subfamilies: *Termitidae Latreille, 1802 **Subfamily Apicotermitinae Grassé & Noirot, 1954 955/small> (synonym: Indotermitidae Roonwal & Sen Sarma in Roonwal, 1958) **Subfamily Cubitermitinae Weidner, 1956 **Subfamily Foraminitermitinae Holmgren, 1912 (synonym: Pseudomicrotermitinae Holmgren, 1912) **Subfamily Macrotermitinae Kemner, 1934, nomen protectum CZN 2003/small> (synonyms: Acanthotermitinae Sjöstedt, 1926, nomen rejiciendum CZN 2003/small>; Odontotermitini Weidner, 1956 **Subfamily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasutitermitinae
The Nasutitermitinae are a subfamily of higher termites that includes more than 80 genera. They are most recognisable by the more highly derived soldier caste which exhibits vestigial mandibles and a protruding fontanellar process on the head from which they can "shoot" chemical weaponry. True workers of certain genera within this subfamily also exhibit a visible epicranial y suture, most notably found within the members of Nasutitermes. Notable genera include the notorious wood-eating Nasutitermes ''Nasutitermes'' is a genus of termites with a tropical distribution world-wide. Species The ''Termite Catalogue'' lists the following: # '' Nasutitermes acajutlae'' # '' Nasutitermes acangussu'' # '' Nasutitermes acutus'' # '' Nasutitermes ..., and the conspicuous Hospitalitermes and Constrictotermes, both genera characterized by their behavior of forming large open-air foraging trails. Genera The ''Termite CatalogueTermite Catalogue (retrieved 7 July 2019)' lists the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indomalayan Realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia. Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands. Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae and Fabaceae. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hospitalitermes
''Hospitalitermes'' is an Asian–Papuan genus of lichen eating termite in the subfamily Nasutitermitinae The Nasutitermitinae are a subfamily of higher termites that includes more than 80 genera. They are most recognisable by the more highly derived soldier caste which exhibits vestigial mandibles and a protruding fontanellar process on the head .... There are 37 species currently listed, of which most are recognized for their extensive surface foraging columns. Due to their conspicuous foraging activities they are commonly known as processionary or marching termites. They often inhabit cavities inside of living trees excavated by other species of termite. Description The length of the workers and soldiers is about 5 mm. As with other genera in the subfamily, soldiers have a nasal tube from which, in case of danger, they shoot terpene-based repellents. They are one of the few species and genera of termites (''Hospitalitermes'', along with '' Lacessititermes'' and '' Longi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caatinga
Caatinga (, ) is a type of semi-arid tropical vegetation, and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in interior northeastern Brazil. The name "Caatinga" is a Tupi word meaning "white forest" or "white vegetation" (''caa'' = forest, vegetation, ''tinga'' = white). The Caatinga is a xeric shrubland and thorn forest, which consists primarily of small, thorny trees that shed their leaves seasonally. Cacti, thick-stemmed plants, thorny brush, and arid-adapted grasses make up the ground layer. Most vegetation experiences a brief burst of activity during the three-month long rainy season. Caatinga falls entirely within earth's tropical zone and is one of 6 major ecoregions of Brazil. It covers 850,000 km², nearly 10% of Brazil's territory. It is home to 26 million people and over 2000 species of plants, fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals. The Caatinga is the only exclusively Brazilian biome, which means that a large part of its biological heritage cann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fontanellar Gun
The fontanellar gun is a defense mechanism in the form of a horn-like frontal projection (''nasus'') on the head of the soldier caste which is capable of expelling chemical weaponry at a distance, a trait exclusive to the subfamily Nasutitermitinae. It is primarily used to ward off predators such as ants. Physiology and usage The "gun" is a gland with a duct on the front of the head. It operates by a chemical reaction triggered when the termite contracts its mandibular muscles. The termite is "able to eject the frontal gland material over a distance of many centimeters". The gland material is forced out through the front of the internal nose and its pores, which covers much of the termite's head. Termites have been shown to be extremely accurate with the gun, even though they are blind. The exact nature of how termites retain such accuracy and are able to orient themselves toward their enemy is currently unknown, but it is believed that the ability is "olfactory or auditory" in n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constrictotermes Cavifrons
''Constrictotermes cavifrons'' is a species of Amazonian nasute termite within the genus ''Constrictotermes''. It forms large and diurnal open-foraging trails to and from its sources of food which consists largely of lichens and other microepiphytes. The nests of ''C. cavifrons'' are arboreal and characterized by a cleared central runway from which foraging raids begin. Description The soldiers have antennae with 13 – 14 articles (antennomeres) and the length of the head ranges between 1.25 – 1.50 mm. The head and abdomen segments are pigmented dark in contrast to the conspicuously yellowish thorax, matching the coloration of workers. Soldiers of this species molt from sclerotized worker-like forms which are slightly smaller than the actual workers but otherwise appear to behave no differently. The head of the pre-soldier form measures between 0.839 – 0.887 mm while workers range between 0.936 – 1.036 mm. The slit-shaped fontanelle of the pre-soldier fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constrictotermes Cyphergaster
''Constrictotermes cyphergaster'' is a neotropical species of open-air foraging nasute termite within the genus ''Constrictotermes''. This species is distributed widely throughout South America and lives within xeric habitats such as the savannas found in Paraguay, Bolivia, Central Brazil, and Northern Argentina. ''C. cyphergaster'' primarily builds arboreal and transient epigeic nests, and mainly consumes dead woods at varying stages of decomposition. Description Biology Nests of ''C. cyphergaster'' are mostly arboreal, being typically found between 0.4 and 3 meters high on a host tree. The nests vary between a reddish brown and grayish brown in color, are oval and the texture of the surface is reticulated. Growth and proliferation of nests coincides with seasonal changes. Most of the new small nests that emerge during the wet season are satellite colonies, which is associated with increased seasonal polycalism within ''C. cyphergaster''. In the Caatinga region of Brazil, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constrictotermes Guantanamensis
Constrictotermes is a genus of neotropical higher termites within the subfamily Nasutitermitinae. They form large open-air foraging columns from which they travel to and from their sources of food, similar to the Indomalayan species of processionary termites. Species of this genus commonly build epigeal or arboreal nests and feed on a variety of lichens, rotted woods and mosses. Description Soldiers are monomorphic and identifiable with a notable constriction of the head behind the antenna sockets; the antenna have 13-14 articles, and the points of the mandibles are small. Species of this genus are distributed throughout the neotropics, occurring primarily within South America and Central America; with one species, ''C. guantanamensis,'' being found within the extreme southeastern coast of Cuba. Within South America, Constrictotermes spp. can be found from the tropical rainforests of the Amazon to the xeric shrublands of northeastern Brazil. As with all Nasutitermitinae te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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