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City Of Kwinana
The City of Kwinana is a local government area of Western Australia. It covers an area of approximately 118 square kilometres in metropolitan Perth, and lies about 38 km south of the Perth central business district, via the Kwinana Freeway. Kwinana maintains 287 km of roads and had a population of 45,867 at the 2021 Census. History Kwinana is a Kimberley Aboriginal word meaning either "young woman" or "pretty maiden". The ship was wrecked on Cockburn Sound in 1922 and blown onto Kwinana Beach. The nearby area acquired the name and it was officially adopted for a township in 1937. Some of its suburbs take their names from the sailing ships that first brought immigrants to Western Australia, for example, Medina, Calista and Parmelia. The Kwinana Road District was formed out of part of Rockingham on 15 February 1954 as a result of the passage of the ''Kwinana Road District Act 1953''. Section 4 of the Act stated that "there shall not be a duly elected Road B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwinana Town Centre, Western Australia
Kwinana Town Centre is a suburb of the City of Kwinana in the outer southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. The suburb comprises three large city blocks and houses the "Kwinana Marketplace" formerly the "Kwinana Hub" shopping centre, the Kwinana Recreation centre, Kwinana Aquatic Centre, the Kwinana Police Station and the City of Kwinana Council Chambers. Adjacent to the Council Chambers is the Koorliny Arts Centre. One block of land is occupied only by natural bushland In Australia, bushland is a blanket term for land which supports remnant natural area, remnant vegetation or land which is disturbed but still retains a predominance of the original floristics and structure. Human survival in bushland has a wh .... References Suburbs of Perth, Western Australia Suburbs in the City of Kwinana {{PerthAU-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aboriginal Australians
Aboriginal Australians are the various indigenous peoples of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland and many of its islands, excluding the ethnically distinct people of the Torres Strait Islands. Humans first migrated to Australia (continent), Australia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, and over time formed as many as 500 List of Aboriginal Australian group names, language-based groups. In the past, Aboriginal people lived over large sections of the continental shelf. They were isolated on many of the smaller offshore islands and Tasmania when the land was inundated at the start of the Holocene Interglacial, inter-glacial period, about 11,700 years ago. Despite this, Aboriginal people maintained extensive networks within the continent and certain groups maintained relationships with Torres Strait Islanders and the Makassar people, Makassar people of modern-day Indonesia. Over the millennia, Aboriginal people developed complex trade networks, inter-cultural relationships, law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwinana Motorplex SMC
Kwinana may refer to: * City of Kwinana, a local government area in Western Australia * Electoral district of Kwinana, an electorate of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly * Kwinana Beach, Western Australia, a suburb in Western Australia * Kwinana Desalination Plant * Kwinana Freeway, a major road in Western Australia * Kwinana Grain Terminal, a grain terminal in East Rockingham, Western Australia * Kwinana Power Station, a coal power station * Kwinana railway station, a station of the Mandurah Line * Kwinana Town Centre, Western Australia Kwinana Town Centre is a suburb of the City of Kwinana in the outer southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. The suburb comprises three large city blocks and houses the "Kwinana Marketplace" formerly the "Kwinana Hub" shopping centre, the ..., a suburb in Western Australia * SS ''Kwinana'', a ship that was driven ashore at Kwinana Beach in 1922 See also * Kiwiana {{disambig, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biofuel
Biofuel is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from Biomass (energy), biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels such as oil. Biofuel can be produced from plants or from agricultural, domestic or industrial Biodegradable waste, bio waste. Biofuels are mostly used for transportation, but can also be used for heating and electricity. Biofuels (and bioenergy, bio energy in general) are regarded as a renewable energy source. The use of biofuel has been subject to criticism regarding the "food vs fuel" debate, varied assessments of their Sustainable biofuel, sustainability, and ongoing deforestation and biodiversity loss as a result of biofuel production. In general, biofuels emit fewer greenhouse gas emissions when burned in an engine and are generally considered carbon-neutral fuels as the carbon emitted has been captured from the atmosphere by the crops used in production. However, life-cycle assessments of biofue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwinana Grain Terminal
The Kwinana Grain Terminal is a Grain elevator, grain terminal in East Rockingham, Western Australia. Completed in 1977 and operated by the CBH Group, the facility consists of a jetty, two horizontal storages, three silos, and four open bulk heads. Grain is transported to the site by rail, stored, and eventually loaded onto ships for export. The facility is a landmark for the City of Rockingham, Rockingham and City of Kwinana, Kwinana area and was heritage listed in March 2008. It accounts for over fifty percent of Western Australia's international grain exports. History Grain shipments from Western Australia were originally processed from Fremantle Harbour. However, the facility suffered constraints as it could not be enlarged and the harbour could not be deepened to accommodate the increasing size of bulk carriers. The Kwinana Industrial Area, which had been developed since the 1950s, was chosen as the site of a new grain terminal because of the availability of land, the acce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koolyanobbing, Western Australia
Koolyanobbing is located in the Shire of Yilgarn, Western Australia, north-northeast of the town of Southern Cross. Iron ore has been mined there since 1948 by a series of companies, with a break between 1983 and 1993, and since 2024. Most recently, the ore was mined by Mineral Resources and railed to the port at Esperance for export. History The place name Koolyanobbing is of local Aboriginal origin, meaning "place of large rocks" in the Kaalamaya language of the Kaprun people. The first European to visit the area was Charles Cooke Hunt in 1864 who explored the Koolyanobbing range that is situated nearby. The next European to visit the area, in 1887 and later in 1891, was a gold prospector named Henry Dowd, who thought that the rocks in the area were of no value. He recorded his findings and stored them in a bottle that was buried next to a survey peg and which was found again in 1963 at what is now known as Dowd Hill. Iron ore was first mined at Koolyanobbing from 1948. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pig Iron
Pig iron, also known as crude iron, is an intermediate good used by the iron industry in the production of steel. It is developed by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Pig iron has a high carbon content, typically 3.8–4.7%, along with silica and other dross, which makes it brittle and not useful directly as a material except for limited applications. Etymology The traditional shape of the molds used for pig iron ingots is a branching structure formed in sand, with many individual ingots at right angles to a central channel or "runner", resembling a litter of piglets being nursed by a sow. When the metal had cooled and hardened, the smaller ingots (the "pigs") were simply broken from the runner (the "sow"), hence the name "pig iron". As pig iron is intended for remelting, the uneven size of the ingots and the inclusion of small amounts of sand are insignificant issues when compared to the ease of casting and handling. History The Chinese were already making pig ir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Iron & Steel
Australian Iron & Steel was an Australian iron and steel manufacturer. History Public company (1928-1935) Australian Iron & Steel (AI&S) was established in 1928 to take over the business of Hoskins Iron & Steel. That company had already commenced the work to replace its two blast furnaces at Lithgow with a new one at Port Kembla. However, it needed more funding to relocate its steelmaking and rolling operations to the coast at Port Kembla. The ordinary shares in the new company were held by the former shareholders of Hoskins Iron and Steel (the Hoskins family), Dorman Long and Baldwins Ltd (two British companies) and Howard Smith Limited (an Australian coal and shipping company). There were also preference shareholders, who received preference shares paying 7.5%. Only Howard Smith and the preference shareholders paid cash for their shares. Hoskins and Dorman Long received their shares in exchange for assets that they contributed to the new company. Baldwins received their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liquefied Natural Gas
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4, with some mixture of ethane, C2H6) that has been cooled to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport. It takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state at standard temperature and pressure. LNG is odorless, Transparency and translucency, colorless, toxicity, non-toxic and Corrosive substance, non-corrosive. Hazards include flammability after vaporization into a gaseous state, freezing and asphyxia. The Liquefaction of gases, liquefaction process involves removal of certain components, such as dust, acid gases, helium, water, and heavy hydrocarbons, which could cause difficulty downstream. The natural gas is then condensation, condensed into a liquid at close to atmospheric pressure by cooling it to approximately ; maximum transport pressure is set at around (gauge pressure), which is about 0.25 times atmospheric pressure at sea level. The gas extracted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fremantle Port Authority
Fremantle Port Authority, also known by its registered business name Fremantle Ports, is the responsible authority created under the Western Australian Port Authorities Act 1999. Harbour administration In August 1829 the Fremantle Harbour Master position was created and the first incumbent was Captain Mark John Currie, serving for three years before leaving the colony in 1832. He was succeeded by Daniel Scott, who served for eighteen years as harbourmaster until he resigned in 1850. Captain James Harding was appointed acting harbourmaster of Fremantle, upon the resignation of Scott and the position was confirmed in 1852. Harding drowned in June 1867 attempting to assist a sinking vessel, Strathmore, near Garden Island. Following Harding's death Captain George J. Butcher was acting harbourmaster. The position was filled in 1868 by Lieutenant James Nias Croke, who served until 1874. He was replaced by Captain George Forsyth. In January 1880 as a result of the formation of the Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fremantle Outer Harbour
The Fremantle Outer Harbour is the part of Fremantle Harbour located in the Cockburn Sound, at the City of Kwinana, Western Australia. Fremantle Harbour consists of the Inner Harbour, which is situated on the mouth of the Swan River (Western Australia), Swan River; and the Outer Harbour, which is to the south. It is managed by the Fremantle Port Authority. The Outer Harbour's creation dates back to the Plan for the Metropolitan Region, Perth and Fremantle, Stephenson-Hepburn Report and was initiated in 1955. Overview The Fremantle Outer Harbour consists of, from north to south, the Alcoa Jetty, the Kwinana Bulk Terminal, the BP Oil Refinery Jetty, the Kwinana Bulk Jetty and the CBH Group, CBH Grain Jetty. Of these, the Kwinana Bulk Terminal and the Kwinana Bulk Jetty are operated by Fremantle Ports and serve for the import and export of bulk cargoes and liquids, among them iron ore, coal, cement clink, gypsum, liquefied natural gas, petroleum and fertiliser. The other three fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwinana Oil Refinery
The Kwinana Oil Refinery was sited on the shore of Cockburn Sound at the suburb of Kwinana Beach, near Fremantle, Western Australia. Built by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and completed in 1955, it was the largest oil refinery in Australia, with a capacity of . It was closed by BP in March 2021 to be converted to an import-only terminal and, , was transitioning into a biorefinery and green hydrogen production facility. History In March 1952, the Government of Western Australia and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Anglo-Iranian Oil Company signed a Australian pound, £A40million agreement, equivalent to in , to build the Kwinana Oil Refinery. The agreement was then sent to parliament for reading as two bills on 6 March; one, the ''Oil Refinery (Kwinana) Industry Bill'', to ratify the agreement and the second, the ''Industrial Development (Kwinana Area) Bill'', to acquire the land in Kwinana. The ''Australasian Petroleum Refinery Ltd.'' was organized in J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
