Chōchin'obake
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Chōchin'obake
or is a Japanese of (a type of lantern), "[the] lantern-spook () ... a stock character in the pantheon of ghouls and earned mention in the definitive demonology of 1784". They can also be called simply , , , and . They appear in the , , and card games like starting from the Edo period to the early 20th century (and still in use today), as well as in Meiji and Taishō toys, children's books, and haunted house attractions. Description An old would split upwards and downwards, and the part that got split would become a mouth and stick out a long tongue, and the is commonly considered not to have one eye in its upper half, but two. Sometimes, the would also grow a face, hands, a torso, and wings. In pictures from the Edo period, both bucket-shaped and cylindrical were depicted. In the by Sekien Toriyama, a lantern-shaped under the name of was depicted. They are also known from such as Katsushika Hokusai's from the ''One Hundred Ghost Stories'', and Utagawa Kuniyos ...
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Tsukumogami
In Japanese folklore, ''tsukumogami'' (付喪神 or つくも神, lit. "tool ''kami''") are tools that have acquired a kami or spirit. According to an annotated version of ''The Tales of Ise'' titled ''Ise Monogatari Shō'', there is a theory originally from the ''Onmyōki'' (陰陽記) that Foxes in Japanese folklore, foxes and Japanese raccoon dog, tanuki, among other beings, that have lived for at least a hundred years and changed forms are considered ''tsukumogami''. In modern times, the term can also be written 九十九神 (literally ninety-nine ''kami''), to emphasize the agedness. According to Komatsu Kazuhiko, the idea of a ''tsukumogami'' or a ''yōkai'' of tools spread mostly in the Japanese Middle Ages and declined in more recent generations. Komatsu infers that despite the depictions in Bakumatsu period ukiyo-e art leading to a resurfacing of the idea, these were all produced in an era cut off from any actual belief in the idea of ''tsukumogami''. Because the term ...
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