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Agriculture In Finland
Agriculture in Finland is characterized by the northern climate and self-sufficiency in most major agricultural products. Its economic role is declining in terms of GNP and employment in primary production, but together with the food industry and forestry with which it is linked, it forms a significant part of the Finnish economy. The number of farms has steadily declined for the last decades. Between 2000 and 2012 their number fell from almost 80,000 in 2000 to about 60,000, while the amount of arable land has slightly increased to a total of almost 2.3 million hectares. Agriculture employed 125,000 people in 2010, which is a drop of 30 percent from 2000. A study to examine job resources, work engagement and Finnish dairy farmers' preferences concerning methods to enhance overall well-being while working on farms was conducted. The results indicate that the family, working with cattle, healthy farm animals, a reasonable workload, and a sustainable farm economy have the capacity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethanol
Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is an Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol, with its formula also written as , or EtOH, where Et is the pseudoelement symbol for ethyl group, ethyl. Ethanol is a Volatility (chemistry), volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and pungent taste. As a psychoactive depressant, it is the active ingredient in alcoholic beverages, and the second most consumed drug globally behind caffeine. Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation process of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical processes such as ethylene hydration. Historically it was used as a general anesthetic, and has modern medical applications as an antiseptic, disinfectant, solvent for some medications, and antidote for methanol poisoning and ethylene glycol poisoning. It is used as a chemical solvent and in the Chemical synthesis, synthesis of orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf Blotch (other) ''/''Mycosphaerella graminicola'', a plant pathogen that is difficult to control due to resistance to multiple fungicides
{{disambiguation ...
Leaf blotch may refer to: * Leaf blotch miner moth (''Acrocercops brongniardella''), a moth species found in Europe and North America * Septoria leaf blotch - ''Zymoseptoria tritici ''Zymoseptoria tritici'', synonyms ''Septoria tritici'', ''Mycosphaerella graminicola'', is a species of filamentous fungus, an ascomycete in the family ''Mycosphaerellaceae''. It is a wheat plant pathogen causing septoria leaf blotch that is di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spring Wheat
Wheat is a group of wild and domesticated grasses of the genus ''Triticum'' (). They are cultivated for their cereal grains, which are staple foods around the world. Well-known wheat species and hybrids include the most widely grown common wheat (''T. aestivum''), spelt, durum, emmer, einkorn, and Khorasan or Kamut. The archaeological record suggests that wheat was first cultivated in the regions of the Fertile Crescent around 9600 BC. Wheat is grown on a larger area of land than any other food crop ( in 2021). World trade in wheat is greater than that of all other crops combined. In 2021, world wheat production was , making it the second most-produced cereal after maize (known as corn in North America and Australia; wheat is often called corn in countries including Britain). Since 1960, world production of wheat and other grain crops has tripled and is expected to grow further through the middle of the 21st century. Global demand for wheat is increasing because of the use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramularia Collo-cygni
''Ramularia'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Its species, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Mycosphaerella'', are plant pathogens. Economically important host species include '' Narcissus,'' sugar beet, and barley. ''Ramularia'' species are hyphomycetes Hyphomycetes are a form classification of fungi, part of what has often been referred to as fungi imperfecti, Deuteromycota, or anamorphic fungi. Hyphomycetes lack closed fruit bodies, and are often referred to as moulds (or molds). Most hypho ... with simple morphology; other genera are frequently mistaken for ''Ramularia''. , almost 800 species are recognised in the genus ''Ramularia''. Selected species There are almost a 900 species accepted in the genus ''Ramularia'', including: * '' Ramularia beticola'' * '' Ramularia brunnea'' * '' Ramularia coryli'' * '' Ramularia cyclaminicola'' * '' Ramularia gossypii'' * '' Ramularia grevilleana'' * '' Ramularia macrospora'' * '' Ramularia menthicola'' * '' Ramularia necator'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramularia
''Ramularia'' is a genus of ascomycota, ascomycete Fungus, fungi. Its species, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Mycosphaerella'', are plant pathology, plant pathogens. Economically important host species include ''Narcissus (plant), Narcissus,'' sugar beet, and barley. ''Ramularia'' species are hyphomycetes with simple morphology; other genera are frequently mistaken for ''Ramularia''. , almost 800 species are recognised in the genus ''Ramularia''. Selected species There are almost a 900 species accepted in the genus ''Ramularia'', including: * ''Ramularia beticola'' * ''Ramularia brunnea'' * ''Ramularia coryli'' * ''Ramularia cyclaminicola'' * ''Ramularia gossypii'' * ''Ramularia grevilleana'' * ''Ramularia macrospora'' * ''Ramularia menthicola'' * ''Ramularia necator'' * ''Ramularia primulae'' * ''Ramularia rubella'' * ''Ramularia spinaciae'' * ''Ramularia subtilis'' * ''Ramularia tenella'' * ''Ramularia ulmariae'' * ''Ramularia vallisumbrosae'' References Further readi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusarium Langsethiae
''Fusarium langsethiae'' is a species of fungus in the family Nectriaceae. It is a suspected plant pathogen. This species was isolated from oats, wheat and barley kernels in several European countries. It resembles '' Fusarium poae'', from which it differs by slower growth, less aerial mycelium and absence of odour. Its turnip-shaped or spherical conidia are borne in the aerial mycelium, whereas those of ''F. poae'' are produced on straight monophialide The phialide ( ; , diminutive of phiale, a broad, flat vessel) is a flask-shaped projection from the vesicle (dilated part of the top of conidiophore) of certain fungi. It projects from the mycelium without increasing in length unless a subsequ ...s mostly in the aerial mycelium. It does not produce sporodochial conidia. References Further reading * * * External links *Study of ''Fusarium langsethiae'' infection in UK cereals Fungi described in 2004 Fungal plant pathogens and diseases langsethiae Fungus species [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchosporium Secalis
Rhynchosporium secalis is an ascomycete fungus that is the causal agent of barley and rye scald. Morphology No sexual stage is known. The mycelium is hyaline to light gray and develops sparsely as a compact stroma under the cuticle of the host plant. Condia (2-4 x 12-20 μm) are borne sessilely on cells of the fertile stroma. They are hyaline, 1-septate, and cylindric to ovate, mostly with a short apical beak. Microconida have been reported, but their function is unknown. They are exuded from flasklike mycelial branches. Host species *'' Agropyron dasystachyum'', '' A. desertorum'', '' A. elmeri'', '' A. intermedium'', '' A. riparium'', '' A. scabriglume'', '' A. semicostatum'', '' A. subsecundum'', '' A. trachycaulum'', ''A. trachycaulum'' var. ''trachycaulum'', ''A. trachycaulum'' var. ''unilaterale'' *'' Agrostis gigantea'', '' A. stolonifera'', '' A. tenuis'' *'' Alopecurus geniculatus'', '' A. pratensis'' *'' Bouteloua gracilis'', '' B. hirsuta'' *'' Bromus aleut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cochliobolus Sativus
The fungus ''Cochliobolus sativus'' is the teleomorph (sexual stage) of ''Bipolaris sorokiniana'' (anamorph) which is the causal agent of a wide variety of cereal diseases. The Plant pathology, pathogen can infect and cause disease on roots (where it is known as Common root rot (wheat), common root rot), leaf and stem, and head tissue. ''C. sativus'' is extremely rare in nature and thus it is the Asexual reproduction, asexual or anamorphic stage which causes infections. The two most common diseases caused by ''B. sorokiniana'' are spot blotch and common root rot, mainly on wheat and barley crops. Identification The mycelium of ''B. sorokiniana'' is usually deep olive-brown. New cultures produce abundant simple conidiophores, which may be single or clustered and measure 6–10 x 110–220 μm with septations. Conidia develop laterally from pores beneath each conidiophore septum. Conidia are olive-brown and ovate to oblong, with rounded ends and a prominent basal scar. They measur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drechslera Teres
''Drechslera'' is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Species The following species are accepted within ''Drechslera'':''Drechslera'' S.Ito in GBIF Secretariat (2017). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via https://www.gbif.org/species/2587966 on 2018-08-02. *'' Drechslera andersenii'' A.Lam *'' Drechslera apii'' ( Göbelez) M.J.Richardson & E.M.Fraser *'' Drechslera arizonica'' ( R.Sprague) Subram. & B.L.Jain *'' Drechslera avenacea'' ( M.A.Curtis ex Cooke) Shoemaker *'' Drechslera avenicola'' B.D.Sun & T.Y.Zhang *'' Drechslera boeremae'' A.S.Patil & V.G.Rao *'' Drechslera campanulata'' ( Lév.) B.Sutton *'' Drechslera chattopadhyayi'' N.C.Mandal & M.K.Dasgupta *'' Drechslera cymmartinii'' A.P.Misra & R.A.Singh *'' Drechslera dematioidea'' *'' Drechslera elliptica'' H.F.Wang & T.Y.Zhang, 2017 *'' Drechslera ellisii'' Danquah *'' Drechslera eragrostidis'' ( Henn.) Subram. & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomato
The tomato (, ), ''Solanum lycopersicum'', is a plant whose fruit is an edible Berry (botany), berry that is eaten as a vegetable. The tomato is a member of the nightshade family that includes tobacco, potato, and chili peppers. It originated from and was domesticated in western South America. It was introduced to the Old World by the Spanish in the Columbian exchange in the 16th century. Tomato plants are vines, largely Annual plant, annual and vulnerable to frost, though sometimes living longer in greenhouses. The flowers are able to self-fertilise. Modern varieties have been bred to ripen uniformly red, in a process that has impaired the fruit's sweetness and flavor. There are thousands of cultivars, varying in size, color, shape, and flavor. Tomatoes are attacked by many insect pests and nematodes, and are subject to diseases caused by viruses and by mildew and blight fungi. The tomato has a strong savoury umami flavor, and is an important ingredient in cuisines around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
