Bureau Of Ocean Energy Management
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Bureau Of Ocean Energy Management
The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior, established in 2010 by Secretarial Order. On May 19, 2010, Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar signed a Secretarial Order dividing the Minerals Management Service (MMS) into three independent entities: BOEM, the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, and the Office of Natural Resources Revenue. The most important legislation for BOEM is the Outer continental shelf (OCS) Lands Act to facilitate the federal government's leasing of its offshore mineral resources and energy resources. In addition to the OCS Lands Act, the Submerged Lands Act (SLA) of 1953 grants individual states rights to the natural resources of submerged lands from the coastline to no more than 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) into the Atlantic, Pacific, the Arctic Oceans, and the Gulf of Mexico. The only exceptions are Texas and the west coast of Florida, where state jurisdiction extends from the ...
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Main Interior Building
The Main Interior Building, officially known as the Stewart Lee Udall Department of the Interior Building, located in Washington, D.C., is the headquarters of the United States Department of the Interior. Located in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood, it is bounded by 19th Street NW on the west, 18th Street NW on the east, E Street NW on the north, C Street NW on the south, and Virginia Avenue on the southwest. Although the building takes up the entire block, the address is "1849 C Street, NW" to commemorate the founding of the Department of Interior in 1849. To the east is DAR Constitution Hall, the headquarters of the Daughters of the American Revolution, as well as the World Resources Institute and the American Red Cross National Headquarters. To the west is the Office of Personnel Management headquarters. To the north is Rawlins Park, which includes at its eastern end a statue of Major General John A. Rawlins, and Triangle Park is to the south. The building includes offices of t ...
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Elizabeth Klein
Elizabeth Johnson Klein is an American lawyer who served as the director of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management from 2023 to 2025. She was previously a senior counselor to the United States secretary of the interior with an emphasis was on water policy and climate change resilience. Education Klein earned a bachelor's degree, summa cum laude, in economics at George Washington University. She completed a J.D., summa cum laude, from American University Washington College of Law (WCL). Klein was president of the WCL environmental law society. She is a member of the Order of the Coif. Career Klein first served in the United States Department of the Interior (DOI) in 1999. Under secretaries Ken Salazar and Sally Jewell, Klein served as the DOI associate deputy secretary as well as principal deputy assistant secretary in the Office of Policy, Management and Budget. She was an architect of the Obama administration's work to create a new offshore wind industry and leasing program ...
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Title 30 Of The Code Of Federal Regulations
CFR Title 30 - Mineral Resources is one of fifty titles comprising the United States Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), containing the principal set of rules and regulations issued by federal agencies regarding national mineral resources. It is available in digital and printed form, and can be referenced online using thElectronic Code of Federal Regulations(e-CFR). 30 CFR Part 11 regulations for respirators A respirator is a device designed to protect the wearer from inhaling hazardous atmospheres including lead, lead fumes, vapors, gases and particulate matter such as dusts and airborne pathogens such as viruses. There are two main categories o ... have been moved to Title 42, Part 84. Structure The table of contents, as reflected in the e-CFR updated February 28, 2014, is as follows: See also * NIOSH air filtration rating - 30 CFR 11 (now removed) References 30 United States Department of the Interior {{United States Department of the Interior ...
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War Grave
A war grave is a burial place for members of the armed forces or civilians who died during military campaigns or operations. Definition The term "war grave" does not only apply to graves: ships sunk during wartime are often considered to be war graves, as are military aircraft that crash into water; this is particularly true if crewmen perished inside the vehicle. Classification of a war grave is not limited to the occupier's death in combat but includes military personnel who die while in active service: for example, during the Crimean War, more military personnel died of disease than as a result of enemy action. A common difference between cemeteries of war graves and those of civilian peacetime graves is the uniformity of those interred. They generally died during a relatively short period, in a small geographic area and consist of service members from the few military units involved. When it comes to the two World Wars, the large number of casualties means that the war ...
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Grumman G-44 Widgeon
The Grumman G-44 Widgeon is a five-person, twin-engined, amphibious aircraft. It was designated J4F by the United States Navy and Coast Guard and OA-14 by the United States Army Air Corps and United States Army Air Forces. Design and development The Widgeon was originally designed for the civil market. It is smaller, but otherwise similar to Grumman's earlier G-21 Goose, and was produced from 1941 to 1955. The aircraft was used during World War II as a small patrol and utility machine by the US Navy, US Coast Guard, and Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm. The first prototype flew in 1940, and the first production aircraft went to the US Navy as an antisubmarine aircraft. In total, 276 were built by Grumman, including 176 for the military. During World War II, they served with the US Navy, Coast Guard, Civil Air Patrol, and Army Air Force, as well as with the British Royal Navy, which gave it the service name Gosling. Operational history United States Coast Guard On August 1, 1942, ...
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United States Coast Guard
The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is the maritime security, search and rescue, and Admiralty law, law enforcement military branch, service branch of the armed forces of the United States. It is one of the country's eight Uniformed services of the United States, uniformed services. The service is a maritime, military, multi-mission service unique among the United States military branches for having a maritime law enforcement mission with jurisdiction in both domestic and international waters and a Federal government of the United States, federal regulatory agency mission as part of its duties. It is the largest coast guard in the world, rivaling the capabilities and size of most Navy, navies. The U.S. Coast Guard protects the United States' borders and economic and security interests abroad; and defends its sovereignty by safeguarding sea lines of communication and commerce across U.S. territorial waters and its Exclusive economic zone, Exclusive Economic Zone. Due to ever-ex ...
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United States Navy
The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 million tons in 2021. It has the world's largest aircraft carrier fleet, with List of aircraft carriers in service, eleven in service, one undergoing trials, two new carriers under construction, and six other carriers planned as of 2024. With 336,978 personnel on active duty and 101,583 in the Ready Reserve, the U.S. Navy is the third largest of the United States military service branches in terms of personnel. It has 299 deployable combat vessels and about 4,012 operational aircraft as of 18 July 2023. The U.S. Navy is one of six United States Armed Forces, armed forces of the United States and one of eight uniformed services of the United States. The United States Navy traces its origins to the Continental Navy, which was established during ...
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German Submarine U-106 (1940)
German submarine ''U-106'' was a Type IXB U-boat of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' that operated during World War II. She was laid down on 26 November 1939 at DeSchiMAG AG Weser in Bremen as yard number 969, launched on 17 June 1940 and commissioned on 24 September. She was armed with six torpedo tubes and a 10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun. ''U-106'' was assigned to the 2nd U-boat Flotilla on 24 September 1940, in which she would serve for nearly three years. ''U-106'' was one of the most successful German submarines of World War II. She completed 10 wartime patrols and sank 22 ships totalling . She also damaged two ships totalling , one auxiliary warship of and the battleship . ''U-106'' helped to catalyze Mexico's entry into World War II on the side of the Allies by sinking one of two oil tankers; the . (The other was the , sunk by ). Design Type IXB submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IX submarines, later designated IXA. ''U-106'' had a displaceme ...
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SS Carrabulle
SS ''Carrabulle'' was a Design 1022 cargo ship built for the United States Shipping Board immediately after World War I. History She was laid down at yard number 1530 at the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania shipyard of the American International Shipbuilding Corporation, one of 110 Design 1022 cargo ships built for the United States Shipping Board. She was completed in 1920 and named ''Carrabulle''. In 1920, she was purchased by the American Fuel & Transportation Company and converted into a tanker by the Globe Shipbuilding Company in Baltimore with a 344,963 gallon capacity. In 1921, she was returned to the USSB. In 1922, she was purchased by the Curtis Bay Copper & Iron Works (Baltimore, Maryland). In 1923, she was purchased by the Cuban Distilling Company where she was utilized to transport blackstrap molasses, a byproduct of sugar refining, to the United States where it would be used to produce cattle feed, vinegar and denatured alcohol (in high demand due to Prohibition). On Ma ...
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German Submarine U-507
German submarine ''U-507'' was a German Type IX submarine#Type IXC, Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' built for service in the Second World War and the Battle of the Atlantic. She was mainly notable for two patrols she conducted during the "Second Happy Time" in mid-1942, during the first of which she caused havoc in the Gulf of Mexico amongst unprotected American shipping, and then in the second she attacked ships along the coast of Brazil, in an inexplicable and shocking attack on a neutral nation's shipping in its own waters which almost single-handedly provoked the Brazilian Expeditionary Force, Brazilian declaration of war on Germany. The U-boat was built during 1941 by the Deutsche Werft shipyards in Hamburg, and Ship commissioning, commissioned on 8 October 1941, with ''Korvettenkapitän'' Harro Schacht in command. Schacht commanded the boat for its entire lifespan, receiving the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 9 January 1943 in recognition of his succ ...
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SS Alcoa Puritan (1941)
SS ''Alcoa Puritan'' was a cargo ship in the service of Alcoa Steamship Company that was torpedoed and sunk in the Gulf of Mexico during World War II. The SS ''Alcoa Puritan'' provided freight and passenger service between U.S. and Caribbean ports. The ship was typically staffed with 10 officers and 33 crew, and could also accommodate 8-10 passengers. Torpedoing On about 1 May 1942, the SS ''Alcoa Puritan'' sailed from Port of Spain, Trinidad, alone and unarmed, to Mobile, Alabama loaded with bauxite. Newly in command of the ship was Capt. Yngvar A. Krantz. (The former master of the ship, Axel B. Axelsen, had just left command after unsuccessfully urging shoreside management that the ship be armed.) Among the ten passengers were six survivors from the torpedoed Standard Oil tanker ''T.C. McCobb.'' By April 1942, the German submarine campaign was reaching its height. Records made public after the war revealed that 35 American merchant-marine ships were sunk in March; 42 wer ...
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German Submarine U-166 (1941)
German submarine ''U-166'' was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 6 December 1940 at the Seebeckwerft (part of Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, Deschimag) at Wesermünde (modern Bremerhaven) as yard number 705, launched on 1 November 1941, and commissioned on 23 March 1942 under the command of ''Oberleutnant zur See'' Hans-Günther Kuhlmann. After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla, ''U-166'' was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 1 June 1942. The U-boat sailed on only two war patrols and sank four ships totalling . She was sunk on 30 July 1942 in the Gulf of Mexico. Design German Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. ''U-166'' had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by tw ...
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