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Boletus Erythropus
''Neoboletus praestigator'', also previously known as ''Neoboletus luridiformis'', ''Boletus luridiformis'' and (invalidly) as ''Boletus erythropus'', is a fungus of the bolete family, all of which produce mushrooms with tubes and pores beneath their caps. It is found in Northern Europe and North America, and is commonly known as the scarletina bolete, for its red pores (yellow when young). Other common names is: red foot bolete, dotted stemmed bolete, dotted stem bolete. Whilst edible when cooked properly, it can cause gastric upset if raw. Where the two species coincide it can be confused with the poisonous ''Rubroboletus satanas'', which has a paler cap. Taxonomy In 1796 Christian Hendrik Persoon described ''Boletus erythropus'', deriving its specific name from the Greek ''ερυθρος'' ("red") and ''πους'' ("foot"), referring to its red-coloured stalk. During the next 200 years or so, this name was used extensively for the species which is the subject of this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Wilhelm Gottlieb Rostkovius
Friedrich Wilhelm Gottlieb Theophil Rostkovius (1770–1848) was a German physician, mycologist and botanist. In 1801, he received his doctorate from the University of Halle with the thesis ''Dissertatio Botanica Inauguralis De Iunco'' (treatise on rushes). He later settled in Stettin as a medical practitioner. The plant genus '' Rostkovia'' from the family Juncaceae was named in his honor by Nicaise Auguste Desvaux (1784-1856). His name is also associated with the species ''Euphrasia rostkoviana''. Written works *Monographia generis iunci, 1801; with Philipp Friedrich Theodor Meckel (1755–1803). *Flora Sedinensis, exhibens plantas phanerogamas spontaneas nec non plantas praecipuas agri Swinemundii, 1824; with Wilhelm Ludwig Ewald Schmidt (1805–1843). *''Die Pilze Deutschlands: Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen''. Abt. 3, Volume 5; Volumes 21–22, 1844; with August Karl Joseph Corda (1809–1849) - German fungi : German flora in pictures fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperator Rhodopurpureus
''Imperator rhodopurpureus'' is an inedible fungus of the genus '' Imperator'', found under deciduous trees including oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ... and beech in neutral soils. Initially described as ''Boletus rhodopurpureus'', it was transferred to the new genus '' Imperator'' in 2015. The bolete is considered critically endangered in the Czech Republic. Description The cap is cushion-like, up to 15 cm in diameter; faint yellow- or pink-buff when young, later flushing red from the rim and becoming blotched with yellow, red and olivaceous tones. The tubes are orange or red at first, then turning dark blue when cut. The spores are olive-brown. The stem is rather short, and sometimes very bulbous. The flesh is pale yellow, turning blue when cut. Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubroboletus Lupinus
''Rubroboletus lupinus'', commonly known as the wolf bolete, is a bolete fungus of the genus ''Rubroboletus''. Originally described by Elias Magnus Fries in 1838 as species of ''Boletus'', it was transferred to ''Rubroboletus'' in 2015, a genus circumscribed to host other allied reddish-colored, blue-staining bolete species forming a distinct clade. The species epithet is derived from the Latin word ''lupus'', meaning "wolf". Molecular studies have revealed considerable genetic variation among European populations of ''R. lupinus'', placing it in a clade sister to ''Rubroboletus dupainii''. The species is found in warm broad-leaved forests, forming ectomycorrhizal associations with various species of oak (''Quercus'') and sweet chestnut ('' Castanea''). References External links * lupinus ''Lupinus'', commonly known as lupin, lupine, or regionally bluebonnet etc., is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. The genus includes over 199 species, with centers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubroboletus Dupainii
''Rubroboletus dupainii'', commonly known as Dupain's bolete, is a bolete fungus of the genus ''Rubroboletus''. It is native to Europe, where it is threatened, and red listed in six countries. It also occurs in North America, although it is rare there. It was first recorded from North Carolina, and then from Iowa in 2009. It was reported from Belize in 2007, growing under ''Quercus peduncularis'' and other oaks. The bolete was first described scientifically by French mycologist Jean Louis Émile Boudier in 1902. It was transferred to the new genus ''Rubroboletus'' in 2014 along with several other allied reddish colored, blue-staining bolete species. Phylogenetically, ''R. dupainii'' is the sister species of '' Rubroboletus lupinus''. See also *List of North American boletes __NOTOC__ This is a list of bolete species found in North America. Bolding of the species name, and an asterisk (*) following indicate the species is the type species of that genus. '' Aureoboletus'' *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubroboletus Pulcherrimus
''Rubroboletus pulcherrimus''—known as ''Boletus pulcherrimus'' until 2015—is a species of mushroom in the family Boletaceae. It is a large bolete from Western North America with distinguishing features that include a netted surface on the stem, a red to brown cap and stem color, and red pores that stain blue upon injury. Until 2005 this was the only bolete that has been implicated in the death of someone consuming it; a couple developed gastrointestinal symptoms in 1994 after eating this fungus with the husband succumbing. Autopsy revealed infarction of the midgut. Taxonomy American mycologists Harry D. Thiers and Roy E. Halling were aware of confusion on the west coast of North America over red-pored boletes; two species were traditionally recognised—'' Boletus satanas'' and '' Boletus eastwoodiae''. However, they strongly suspected the type specimen of the latter species was in fact the former. In reviewing material they published a new name for the taxon, which Thie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stipe (mycology)
In mycology, a stipe () is the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal tissue. In many instances, however, the fertile hymenium extends down the stipe some distance. Fungi that have stipes are said to be stipitate. The evolutionary benefit of a stipe is generally considered to be in mediating spore dispersal. An elevated mushroom will more easily release its spores into wind currents or onto passing animals. Nevertheless, many mushrooms do not have stipes, including cup fungi, puffballs, earthstars, some polypores, jelly fungi, ergots, and smuts. It is often the case that features of the stipe are required to make a positive identification of a mushroom. Such distinguishing characters include: # the texture of the stipe (fibrous, brittle, chalky, leathery, firm, etc.) # whether it has remains of a partial veil (such as an annulus or cortina Cortina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pileus (mycology)
The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp ( fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes. Classification Pilei can be formed in various shapes, and the shapes can change over the course of the developmental cycle of a fungus. The most familiar pileus shape is hemispherical or ''convex.'' Convex pilei often continue to expand as they mature until they become flat. Many well-known species have a convex pileus, including the button mushroom, various ''Amanita The genus ''Amanita'' contains about 600 species of agarics, including some of the most toxic known mushrooms found worldwide, as well as some well-regarded edible s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoboletus Luridiformis 2020 G2
''Neoboletus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae, native to holarctic regions. It was circumscribed in 2014 by Italian mycologists Matteo Gelardi, Giampaolo Simonini and Alfredo Vizzini, and further by Chinese mycologists Gang Wu and Zhu L. Yang in 2015. Closely related to the genus '' Sutorius'', members of this genus differ by staining blue when bruised. They have brown pores and lack a reticulated pattern on their stipes. The erection of ''Neoboletus'' follows recent molecular studies that outlined a new phylogenetic framework for the Boletaceae. The type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ... is '' Neoboletus luridiformis''. Five species were added to the genus by Gelardi and Vizzini in 2014. ''Neoboletus'' was merged into '' Sutorius'' in Wu e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletus Erythropus 2010 G1
''Boletus'' is a genus of mushroom-producing fungi, comprising over 100 species. The genus ''Boletus'' was originally broadly defined and described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, essentially containing all fungi with hymenial pores instead of gills. Since then, other genera have been defined gradually, such as ''Tylopilus'' by Petter Adolf Karsten in 1881, and old names such as ''Leccinum'' have been resurrected or redefined. Some mushrooms listed in older books as members of the genus have now been placed in separate genera. These include such as ''Boletus scaber'', now ''Leccinum scabrum'', ''Tylopilus felleus'', ''Chalciporus piperatus'' and ''Suillus luteus''. Most boletes have been found to be ectomycorrhizal fungi, which mean that they form a mutualistic relationship with the roots system of certain kinds of plants. More recently, ''Boletus'' has been found to be massively polyphyletic, with only a small percentage of the over 300 species that have been assigned to ''Boletus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletus Edulis
''Boletus edulis'' (English: cep, penny bun, porcino or porcini) is a basidiomycete fungus, and the type species of the genus ''Boletus''. Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere across Europe, Asia, and North America, it does not occur naturally in the Southern Hemisphere, although it has been introduced to southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Brazil. Several closely related European mushrooms formerly thought to be varieties or forms of ''B. edulis'' have been shown using molecular phylogenetic analysis to be distinct species, and others previously classed as separate species are conspecific with this species. The western North American species commonly known as the California king bolete (''Boletus edulis'' var. ''grandedulis'') is a large, darker-coloured variant first formally identified in 2007. The fungus grows in deciduous and coniferous forests and tree plantations, forming symbiotic ectomycorrhizal associations with living trees by enveloping t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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