Bill Mollison
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Bill Mollison
Bruce Charles "Bill" Mollison (4 May 1928 – 24 September 2016) was an Australian researcher, author, scientist, teacher and biologist. In 1981, he was awarded the Right Livelihood Award "for developing and promoting the theory and practice of permaculture". Permaculture (from "permanent agriculture")Tortorello, Michael (27 July 2011) is an integrated system of ecological and environmental design which Mollison co-developed with David Holmgren and which they envisioned together as a perennial and sustainable form of agriculture. In 1974, Mollison began his collaboration with Holmgren and in 1978 they published their book ''Permaculture One'', which introduced this design system to the general public. Mollison is also the developer of the herb spiral, a herb-growing structure that allows herbs with different growing requirements to coexist in a small space. Mollison founded The Permaculture Institute in Tasmania and created the education system to train others under the um ...
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Stanley, Tasmania
Stanley is a town on the north-west coast of Tasmania, Australia. It is the second-last major township on the north-west coast when one travels west from Devonport, the larger township in the Circular Head municipality being Smithton. According to the , Stanley had a population of 595. History In 1825 the Van Diemen's Land Company was granted land in north-western Van Diemen's Land, including the Stanley area. Employees of the company from England settled in the area in October 1826. The site (originally called Circular Head) was named after Lord Stanley, the British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies in the 1830s and 1840s, who later had three terms of office as British Prime Minister. A port opened in 1827 and the first school opened in 1841. There was a short-lived bay whaling station in operation on the foreshore in the 1830s. Stanley officially became a town in 1842 and by 1843 more than 8,000 acres had been sold or leased to almost 70 people. The Post Off ...
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New South Wales
New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. Its coast borders the Coral Sea, Coral and Tasman Seas to the east. The Australian Capital Territory and Jervis Bay Territory are Enclave and exclave, enclaves within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. , the population of New South Wales was over 8.3 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Almost two-thirds of the state's population, 5.3 million, live in the Greater Sydney area. The Colony of New South Wales was founded as a British penal colony in 1788. It originally comprised more than half of the Australian mainland with its Western Australia border, western boundary set at 129th meridian east in 1825. The colony then also includ ...
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Masanobu Fukuoka
was a Japanese farmer and philosopher celebrated for his natural farming and re-vegetation of desertified lands. He was a proponent of no-till, herbicide and pesticide-free cultivation methods from which he created a particular method of agriculture, commonly referred to as "natural farming" or "do-nothing farming". Fukuoka was the author of several books, scientific papers and other publications, and was featured in television documentaries and interviews from the 1970s onwards.NHK TV 1976 Documentary
(in Japanese). Retrieved 30 November 2010.
His influences went beyond farming to inspire individuals within the natural food and lifestyle movements. He was an outspoken advocate of the value of observing nature's principles.Sc ...
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Albert Bates
Albert Kealiinui Bates (born January 1, 1947) is a member of the intentional community and ecovillage movements. A lawyer, author and teacher, he has been director of the Global Village Institute for Appropriate Technology since 1984 and of the Ecovillage Training Center at The Farm (Tennessee), The Farm in Summertown, Tennessee, since 1994. Bates has been a resident of The Farm since 1972. A former attorney, he argued Environmental ethic, environmental and civil rights cases before the U.S. Supreme Court and drafted a number of legislative Acts during a 26-year legal career. The holder of a number of design patents, Bates invented the concentrating photovoltaic arrays and solar-powered automobile displayed at the 1982 World's Fair. He served on the steering committee of Plenty International for 18 years, focussing on relief and development work with indigenous peoples, human rights and the Natural environment, environment. An emergency medical technician (EMT), he was a found ...
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Peter Andrews (agricultural Pioneer)
Peter Andrews (born 1940) is an Australian racehorse breeder and grazier from Bylong in the Upper Hunter Valley of New South Wales. He is known for his pioneering work in landscape regeneration. Agricultural pioneer Andrews is the inventor of the Natural Sequence Farming method. He is acknowledged as having converted his degraded high-salinity land at Tarwyn Park into a fertile, drought-resistant estate. His techniques run counter to prevailing accepted practices, and for 30 years his techniques were rejected by government authorities. Peter Andrews is the author of a best-selling book on his methods, entitled ''Back from the Brink: How Australia's Landscape can be Saved.'' He also has written a book called ''Beyond the Brink'' that further explains his theories about water movement in the Australian landscape with the additional subjects of global warming and GMO usage and how this affects soil and the environment. See also * Bill Mollison co-creator for the permaculture des ...
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Nation Review
''Nation Review'' was an Australian Sunday newspaper, which ceased publication in 1981. It was launched in 1972 after independent publisher Gordon Barton bought out Tom Fitzgerald (economist), Tom Fitzgerald's ''Nation (Australia), Nation'' publication and merged it with his own ''Sunday Review'' journal. Background ''Nation Review'' featured contributors such as Michael Leunig, Bob Ellis, Germaine Greer, Phillip Adams (writer), Phillip Adams, Richard Beckett (author), Richard Beckett a.k.a. Sam Orr, Mungo Wentworth MacCallum, Mungo MacCallum, John Hindle, Francis James, Patrick Cook, Morris Lurie, John Hepworth (writer), John Hepworth, Fred Flatow and Jenny Brown a.k.a. Zesta (now Jen Jewel Brown). The paper was self-styled "The Ferret", fancying itself as "lean and nosey". ''Nation Review'' was aimed at Australia's new urban, educated middle class, providing mocking political commentary, offbeat cartoons, iconoclastic film, book, music and theatre reviews, and food, wine, che ...
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The Global Gardener
''Global Gardener'' is a documentary film series about the permaculture approach to sustainable agriculture. The series was produced by Julian Russell for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation; it premiered on Australian television in 1991. Bill Mollison, author of ''Permaculture: A Designers' Manual'' (1988), presents the series' four episodes—"In the Tropics", "Dry Lands", "Cool Climates", and "Urban"—each of which addresses the application of permaculture principles in a different environmental context. The series is distributed on DVD and VHS videotape by Bullfrog Films. Before ''Global Gardener'', writer–directors Tony Gailey and Julian Russell made Bill Mollison and permaculture the subject of another documentary film, "In Grave Danger of Falling Food", in which Mollison proposes permaculture as a means to food security Food security is the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, healthy Human food, food. The availability of foo ...
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In Grave Danger Of Falling Food
''Visionaries: Small Solutions to Enormously Large Problems'' is an Australian television series of documentary films written and directed by Tony Gailey and Julian Russell. Each of the seven films examines the work of a living person who is a revolutionary thinker in their field. What the subjects have in common is a creative contribution to humanity that has the potential to elicit a paradigm shift. They either apply a pragmatic conceptual framework for addressing global socioeconomic problems, or a radical scientific model for understanding a system. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation premiered ''Visionaries'' in 1989; Channel 4 in the United Kingdom began transmitting the series in the following year. The series was produced by 220 Productions with funding from Film Finance Corporation Australia. The individual films have been published on VHS home video Home video is recorded media sold or Video rental shop, rented for home viewing. The term originates from the VHS ...
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Joseph Russell Smith
Joseph Russell Smith (February 3, 1874 – February 26, 1966) was an American geographer. He worked in the Department of Geography and Industry at the University of Pennsylvania and later the Columbia Business School where he chaired the economic geography program. From 1941 to 1942, he was president of the American Association of Geographers. He is considered the father of the field of agroforestry. History Childhood and education Smith was born in the Piedmont region of Virginia and raised in a Quaker household that focused on farming. He attended the Wharton School for his bachelor's degree, but had an extended degree period lasting for five years from 1893 to 1898 due to him having to teach on the side in order to pay for his university attendance. His graduate degree studies afterward were conducted under Emory Richard Johnson and he was assigned in 1899 to work with the Isthmian Canal Commission in order to research how the canal would impact commercial enterprises across ...
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Circular Economy
A circular economy (also referred to as circularity or CE) is a model of resource Production (economics), production and Resource consumption, consumption in any economy that involves sharing, leasing, Reuse, reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling existing materials and products for as long as possible. The concept aims to tackle global challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, waste, and pollution by emphasizing the design-based implementation of the three base principles of the model. The main three principles required for the transformation to a circular economy are: designing out waste and pollution, keeping products and materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. CE is defined in contradistinction to the traditional linear economy. The idea and concepts of a circular economy have been studied extensively in academia, business, and government over the past ten years. It has been gaining popularity because it can help to minimize Greenhouse gas emis ...
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Topsoil
Topsoil is the upper layer of soil. It has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms and is where most of the Earth's biological soil activity occurs. Description Topsoil is composed of mineral particles and organic matter and usually extends to a depth of 5-10 inches (13–25 cm). Together these make a substrate capable of holding water and air which encourages biological activity. There are generally a high concentration of roots in topsoil since this is where plants obtain most of their vital nutrients. It also plays host to significant bacterial, fungal and entomological activity without which soil quality would degrade and become less suitable for plants. Bacteria and fungi can be essential in facilitating nutrient exchange with plants and in breaking down organic matter into a form that roots can absorb. Insects also play important roles in breaking down material and aerating and rotating the soil. Many species directly contribute to the he ...
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Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variability of life, life on Earth. It can be measured on various levels. There is for example genetic variability, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and Phylogenetics, phylogenetic diversity. Diversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is greater in the tropics as a result of the warm climate and high primary productivity in the region near the equator. Tropical forest ecosystems cover less than one-fifth of Earth's terrestrial area and contain about 50% of the world's species. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity for both marine and terrestrial taxa. Since Abiogenesis, life began on Earth, six major mass extinctions and several minor events have led to large and sudden drops in biodiversity. The Phanerozoic aeon (the last 540 million years) marked a rapid growth in biodiversity via the Cambrian explosion. In this period, the majority of Multicellular organism, multicellular Phylum, phyla first appeared. The next 400 mil ...
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