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Bellicia Gens
The gens Bellicia was an aristocratic plebeian family at ancient Rome, which flourished during the first and second centuries. The Bellicii rose to prominence from Gallia Narbonensis, attaining senatorial status with Gaius Bellicius Natalis, who was appointed consul ''suffectus'' in AD 68. Origin The nomen ''Bellicius'', spelt ''Vellicius'' in several inscriptions of Lucius Bellicius Sollers, belongs to a class of formed from cognomina ending in '. The root, ''Bellicus'', means "fierce" or "warlike", being one of an abundant type of surname originally derived from the character of the bearer. Branches and cognomina The earliest Bellicii appearing in history bore the cognomen ''Natalis'', a Latin adjective referring to the circumstances of one's birth or nativity, although the circumstance through which this became their surname is unknown. ''Sollers'', belonging to a soldier of the early second century, denoted someone thought particularly skilled or clever. The names of sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plebeian
In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary. Etymology The precise origins of the group and the term are unclear, but may be related to the Greek, ''plēthos'', meaning masses. In Latin, the word is a singular collective noun, and its genitive is . Plebeians were not a monolithic social class. Those who resided in the city and were part of the four urban tribes are sometimes called the , while those who lived in the country and were part of the 31 smaller rural tribes are sometimes differentiated by using the label . ( List of Roman tribes) In ancient Rome In the annalistic tradition of Livy and Dionysius, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was as old as Rome itself, instituted by Romulus' appointment of the first hundred senators, whose descendants became the patriciate. Modern hypotheses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ala Gallica
Ala, ALA, Alaa or Alae may refer to: Places * Ala, Hiiu County, Estonia, a village * Ala, Valga County, Estonia, a village * Ala, Alappuzha, Kerala, India, a village * Ala, Iran, a village in Semnan Province * Ala, Gotland, Sweden * Alad, Seydun or Ala, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Ala, Trentino, Italy, a comune * Alà dei Sardi, Italy, a comune * Alabama, a state in the United States * Alae (Cilicia), a town of ancient Cilicia Science * Acetylated lanolin alcohol * Ala of nose, in human anatomy * Alae (nematode anatomy) * Alanine, an α-amino acid * Alpha lipoic acid, a nutritional supplement * Alpha-linolenic acid, an omega−3 fatty acid * δ-aminolevulinic acid or δ-ALA Mythology and religion * Ala (demon), a female demon in Serbian mythology * Ala (Luwian goddess), a Hittite and Luwian goddess * Ala (Odinani), an Alusi (deity) in the Odinani beliefs of the Igbo people of Nigeria Military * , a US Navy tugboat * Ala (Roman allied military unit), a Republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livy
Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditional founding in 753 BC through the reign of Augustus in Livy's own lifetime. He was on familiar terms with members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty and a friend of Augustus, whose young grandnephew, the future emperor Claudius, he exhorted to take up the writing of history. Life Livy was born in Patavium in northern Italy, now modern Padua, probably in 59 BC. At the time of his birth, his home city of Patavium was the second wealthiest on the Italian peninsula, and the largest in the province of Cisalpine Gaul (northern Italy). Cisalpine Gaul was merged in Italy proper during his lifetime and its inhabitants were given Roman citizenship by Julius Caesar. In his works, Livy often expressed his deep affection and pride for Patavium, and the city was well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Gentes
The gens (plural gentes) was a Roman family, of Italic or Etruscan origins, consisting of all those individuals who shared the same '' nomen'' and claimed descent from a common ancestor. It was an important social and legal structure in early Roman history.'' Harper's Dictionary of Classical Literature and Antiquities'', Second Edition, Harry Thurston Peck, Editor (1897)'' Oxford Classical Dictionary'', 2nd Ed. (1970) The distinguishing characteristic of a gens was the , or ''gentile name''. Every member of a gens, whether by birth or adoption, bore this name. All nomina were based on other nouns, such as personal names, occupations, physical characteristics or behaviors, or locations. Consequently, most of them ended with the adjectival termination ''-ius'' (''-ia'' in the feminine form). Nomina ending in , , , and are typical of Latin families. Faliscan gentes frequently had nomina ending in ''-ios'', while Samnite and other Oscan-speaking peoples of southern Italy h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fasti Ostienses
The ''Fasti Ostienses'' are a calendar of Roman magistrates and significant events from 49 BC to AD 175, found at Ostia, the principal seaport of Rome. Together with similar inscriptions, such as the ''Fasti Capitolini'' and ''Fasti Triumphales'' at Rome, the ''Fasti Ostienses'' form part of a chronology known as the ''Fasti Consulares'', or Consular Fasti. The ''Fasti Ostienses'' were originally engraved on marble slabs in a public place, either the Ostian forums, or the temple of Vulcan, the tutelary deity of Ostia.Bruun, "Civic Rituals in Imperial Ostia", p. 134. The fasti were later dismantled and used as building materials. Since their rediscovery, they have become one of the primary sources for the chronology of the early Roman Empire, along with historians such as Tacitus, Suetonius, and Cassius Dio.Brehmer, "Fasti Ostienses". History The term ''fasti'' originally referred to calendars published by the pontifices, indicating the days on which business could be transa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus
Gaius Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus was a Roman senator during the reign of Antoninus Pius. He was consul posterior in 148 as the colleague of Lucius Octavius Cornelius Publius Salvius Julianus Aemilianus. Calpurnius Torquatus was the son of Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus Tebanianus, consul of 124, and the younger brother of Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus, consul of 143. Subsequent to his consulate, Calpurnius Torquatus was patron of the Roman town of Vienne in Gaul Gaul ( la, Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first described by the Romans. It was inhabited by Celtic and Aquitani tribes, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, most of Switzerland, parts of Northern Italy (only during .... See also * Bellicia gens References {{DEFAULTSORT:Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus, Gaius 2nd-century Roman consuls Calpurnius Torquatus, Gaius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus
Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus was a Roman senator during the reign of Antoninus Pius. He was consul prior in 143 with Herodes Atticus as his colleague. Flaccus Torquatus was the son of Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus Tebanianus, consul of 124, and the older brother of Gaius Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus Gaius Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus was a Roman senator during the reign of Antoninus Pius. He was consul posterior in 148 as the colleague of Lucius Octavius Cornelius Publius Salvius Julianus Aemilianus. Calpurnius Torquatus was the son of G ..., consul of 148.Alföldy, ''Konsulat und Senatorenstand'', pp. 323f See also * Bellicia gens References {{DEFAULTSORT:Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus, Gaius 2nd-century Roman consuls Flaccus Torquatus, Gaius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus Tebanianus
Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus Tebanianus was a Roman senator during the reign of Hadrian. He was consul posterior in 124 with Manius Acilius Glabrio as his colleague. The Bellicii were a family who had their origins in Vienne in Gaul. Torquatus Tebanianus was the son of Gaius Bellicius Natalis Gavidius Tebanianus, suffect consul of AD 87, and Calpurnia Arria, the daughter of Lucius Nonius Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas Lucius Nonius Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas (fl. 1st century – 2nd century AD) was a Roman senator who achieved the office of '' consul ordinarius'' twice, first under Domitian and later under Hadrian. Biography Torquatus Asprenas was the son o ..., suffect consul for some '' nundinium'' between 72 and 74. He had two sons, who both achieved the honor of ordinary consuls: Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus, consul of 143; and Gaius Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus, consul of 148.Alföldy, ''Konsulat und Senatorenstand'', pp. 323f References {{DEF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praetor
Praetor ( , ), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected '' magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the ''praetura'' (praetorship), are described by the adjective: the ''praetoria potestas'' (praetorian power), the ''praetorium imperium'' (praetorian authority), and the ''praetorium ius'' (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the ''praetores'' (praetors). ''Praetorium'', as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his '' castra'', the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. History of the title The status of the ''praetor'' in the early republic is unclear. The traditional account from Livy claims that the praetorship was created by the Sextian-Licinian Rogat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adlecti
During the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later, adlecti, or allecti were those who were chosen to fill up a vacancy in any office or collegium, and especially those who were chosen to fill up the proper number of the senate. As these would be generally equites, Festus defines the ''adlecti'' to be equites added to the senate: and he appears in this passage to make a distinction between the ''adlecti'' and the ''conscripti''. This distinction is supported by the summons form used to call the senate which reads ''pares'' and ''conscripti'' beginning in 509 BC. Others argue that they were the same; for in another passage, Festus gives the same definition of the conscripti as he had done of the adlecti, and Livy (ii.1) says ''conscriptos in novum senatum appellabant lectos''. The adelecti were also those persons under the empire who were admitted to the privileges and honours of the praetorship, quaestorship, aedile ''Aedile'' ( ; la, aedīlis , from , "temple edifice") was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dona Militaria
As with most other military forces the Roman military adopted an extensive list of decorations for military gallantry and likewise a range of punishments for military transgressions. Decorations, awards and victory titles Crowns *Grass crown – (Latin: ''corona obsidionalis'' or ''corona graminea''), was the highest and rarest of all military decorations. It was presented only to a general, commander, or officer whose actions saved the legion or the entire army. *Civic crown – (Latin: ''corona civica''), was a chaplet of common oak leaves woven to form a crown. During the Roman Republic, and the subsequent Principate, it was regarded as the second highest military decoration a citizen could aspire to (the Grass Crown being held in higher regard) and was rewarded for saving the lives of fellow Roman citizens (cives) or for standing one's ground in war. Since Augustus, only the princeps was eligible for this decoration. It may have been identical to the Crown of the Preserver m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praetorian Guard
The Praetorian Guard (Latin: ''cohortēs praetōriae'') was a unit of the Imperial Roman army that served as personal bodyguards and intelligence agents for the Roman emperors. During the Roman Republic, the Praetorian Guard were an escort for high-rank political officials ( senators and procurators) and were bodyguards for the senior officers of the Roman legions. In 27 BC, after Rome's transition from republic to empire, the first emperor of Rome, Augustus, designated the Praetorians as his personal security escort. For three centuries, the guards of the Roman emperor were also known for their palace intrigues, by which influence upon imperial politics the Praetorians could overthrow an emperor and then proclaim his successor as the new ''caesar'' of Rome. In AD 312, Constantine the Great disbanded the and destroyed their barracks at the Castra Praetoria. In the Roman Republic In the period of the Roman Republic (509–27 BC) the Praetorian Guard originated as bodyguard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
