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Battle Of The Beaufort (1982)
The Battle of the Beaufort was fought between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) on June 6, 1982 over Beaufort Castle, Lebanon. It was one of the first clashes of the 1982 Lebanon War, and resulted in the IDF capturing the castle. Background Located 717 meters above sea level, Beaufort Castle (Arabic: قلعة الشقيف, Qal'at ash-Shaqif) commands great parts of the Upper Galilee and South Lebanon.Schiff and Yaari (1984), p. 124 It could be used to direct artillery, and even Syria had sent artillery spotters there. Israel shelled the fortress repeatedly, but could never actually enter it - the massive basalt rocks of the Medieval construction proving an effective defense even in face of modern artillery and aerial bombardments. For Israel, it had become a symbol of the Palestinian power over the region. For the Palestinians, it served as a memento of Saladin's victory over the Crusaders in 1192 and of their own endurance against Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaufort Castle, Lebanon
Beaufort or Belfort Castle, known locally as Qal'at al-Shaqif ( ar, قلعة الشقيف, Qalʾāt al-Shaqīf) or Shaqif Arnun, is a Crusader fortress in Nabatieh Governorate, Southern Lebanon, about to the south-south-east of the village of Arnoun. There was a fortification on the site before it was captured by Fulk, King of Jerusalem, in 1139 and construction of the Crusader castle probably began soon after. Saladin captured Beaufort in 1190, but 60 years later Crusaders re-took it. In 1268 Sultan Baibars finally captured the castle for the Islamic forces. Beaufort provides one of the few cases in which a medieval castle proved of military value and utility in modern warfare as well, as its late 20th-century history shows. Name The castle was named ''bel fort'' or ''beau fort'' (French for "beautiful fortress") by the Crusaders who occupied the castle in the 12th century. Its Arabic name ''Qala'at al-Shaqif'' means "Castle of the High Rock" (''shqif'' is the Aramaic wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yasser Arafat
Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf al-Qudwa al-Husseini (4 / 24 August 1929 – 11 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat ( , ; ar, محمد ياسر عبد الرحمن عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني, Muḥammad Yāsir ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʻAbd al-Raʼūf ʿArafāt al-Qudwa al-Ḥusaynī; ar, ياسر عرفات, Yāsir ʿArafāt) or by his kunya Abu Ammar ( ar, أبو عمار, ʾAbū ʿAmmār, links=no), was a Palestinian political leader. He was Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from 1969 to 2004 and President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) from 1994 to 2004. Ideologically an Arab nationalist and a socialist, he was a founding member of the Fatah political party, which he led from 1959 until 2004. Arafat was born to Palestinian parents in Cairo, Egypt, where he spent most of his youth and studied at the University of King Fuad I. While a student, he embraced Arab nationalist and anti-Zionist ideas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doueir
Doueir (Arabic: دوير, ''ad-Duwayr''), or Dweir, is a village of 7,500 inhabitants in Southern Lebanon near Nabatieh, and north of the Litani River. It is located directly next to the village of Charkiyeh. Although Doueir is considered a big village, it is the home of many well-known Lebanese such as former Labour minister Ali Qanso, and the late physics scientist Rammal Rammal. History In 1875 Victor Guérin found it to be a large village with 800 Metuali inhabitants. During the 2006 Lebanon War, Doueir was among the first targets of the Israel Defense Forces The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; he, צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל , ), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym (), is the national military of the State of Israel. It consists of three service branch ..., with a family of 12 killed on July 13. The village has since benefited from investment by the Italian government to build a new olive oil mill. References Bibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qantara, Lebanon
Qantara (قنطرة ) is a village in the Marjeyoun District in southern Lebanon. Name According to Edward Henry Palmer, E. H. Palmer, the name ''El Kantarah'' means "the arch", ''qantara'' ( ar, قنطرة) also being used in Arabic to denote a bridge built of stone or masonry, an Aqueduct (water supply), aqueduct or a dam, and a high building. History In 1875 Victor Guérin found that the village had 150 Metawileh inhabitants. He further remarked: "The mosque is built of hewn stones of apparent antiquity. Its door is surmounted by a lintel belonging to an ancient Christian church, in the midst of which can be made out a cross with equal branches enclosed in a circle." In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund, PEF's PEF Survey of Palestine, ''Survey of Western Palestine'' (SWP) described it: "A village, built of stone, containing about 250 [..] Metawileh, situated on an isolated and conspicuous hill, and surrounded by gardens, olives, and figs. There are two perennial springs a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taibe
Tayibe, also spelled Taibeh or Tayiba, ( ar, الطيبة, lit=the kind/benevolent, translit=aṭ-Ṭayyibah, South Levantine pronunciation: ; he, טַיִּבָּה) is an Arab city in central Israel, north east of Kfar Saba.About Tayibe Part of the region, in it had a population of . Its citizens are . History A village called Tayyibat al-Ism was on the list of lands allocated by sultan to his |
Strela 2
The 9K32 Strela-2 (russian: Cтрела, "arrow"; NATO reporting name SA-7 Grail) is a light-weight, shoulder-fired, surface-to-air missile (or MANPADS) system. It is designed to target aircraft at low altitudes with passive infrared homing guidance and destroy them with a high explosive warhead. Broadly comparable in performance with the US Army FIM-43 Redeye, the Strela-2 was the first Soviet man-portable SAM – full-scale production began in 1970. While the Redeye and 9K32 Strela-2 were similar, the missiles were not identical. The Strela-2 was a staple of the Cold War and was produced in huge numbers for the Soviet Union and their allies, as well as revolutionary movements. Though since surpassed by more modern systems, the Strela and its variants remain in service in many countries, and have seen widespread use in nearly every regional conflict since 1972. Development The end of World War II led to a major shift in Soviet defence policy. The advent of long range, high ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Front For The Liberation Of Palestine
The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP; ar, الجبهة الديموقراطية لتحرير فلسطين, ''al-Jabha al-Dīmūqrāṭiyya li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn'') is a secular Palestinian Marxist–Leninist organization. It is also frequently referred to as the Democratic Front, or al-Jabha al-Dīmūqrāṭiyya (). It is a member organization of the Palestine Liberation Organization, the Alliance of Palestinian Forces and the Democratic Alliance List. The group maintains a paramilitary wing called the ''National Resistance Brigades''. One of the attacks for which the DFLP is best known is the 1974 Ma'alot massacre in which 25 schoolchildren and teachers were killed. Although the National Resistance Brigades have fighters based in both the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, these fighters have been engaged in relatively few military operations since the Al-Aqsa Intifada. The National Resistance Brigades continue to take part in training exercises at pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnoun
Arnoun ( ar, ارنون, Syriac-Aramaic: ܐܪܢܘܢ) is a majority Lebanese Shia village south-east of Nabatiyeh, in Nabatiyeh Governorate, southern Lebanon. The village is located approximately from the Israeli border. The village is approximately 550 metres (1,800 feet) above sea level, and approximately one kilometre (0.62 miles) from the Beaufort Castle. The noted academic and commentator Fouad Ajami was born in Arnoun. History Arnoun is linked to the nearby Beaufort Castle. The town's name is derived from the Aramaic ''arnoun'', meaning ''"little top"'', referring to the highland where the Beaufort Castle stands. The castle itself was referred to as ''Qal'at Shqif Arnoun'' (Aramaic: ''the castle of the high rock on the hill''), from which the town took its name. In 1875 Victor Guérin noted that it contained one hundred "Metualis". Modern era After the establishment of the Israeli Security Zone in southern Lebanon in 1985, Arnoun lay just outside its boundaries, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kafr Tibnit
Kfar Tebnit or Kfar Tibnit ( ar, كفر تبنيت) is a village located approximately south southeast of Nabatieh, southeast of Sidon in Lebanon. Kfar Tebnit takes its name from Tabnith in arabic تبنيت ( Phoenician "Tibni"), a ruler in the area ca. 280 BC and known as the "king of two Sidons". The sarcophagus of his son Eshmun-'azar was found to bear a long inscription aimed to prevent looting with assurances that the tomb contained no treasure.Hitti, 2004, p. 125 Archaeology A Heavy Neolithic archaeological site of the Qaraoun culture was discovered here in 1926 by E. Passemard. Heavy Neolithic materials were found alongside one Trihedral Neolithic along with more regular Neolithic pieces. The tools were in sharp condition, made of fresh chert or grey-green flint and are stored in the National Museum of Beirut.Copeland and Wescombe, 1966, pp. 35-36 History In 1875 Victor Guérin visited, and found here 130 Metualis Lebanese Shia Muslims ( ar, المسلم ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armoured Personnel Carrier
An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world. According to the definition in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, an APC is "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre." Compared to infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), which are also used to carry infantry into battle, APCs have less armament and are not designed to provide direct fire support in battle. Infantry units which travel in APCs are known as mechanized infantry. Some militaries also make a distinction between infantry units which use APCs and infantry units which use IFVs, with the latter being known as armoured infantry in such militaries. History The genesis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nabatiye
Nabatieh ( ar, النبطية, links=no, ', ), or Nabatîyé (), is the city of the Nabatieh Governorate, in southern Lebanon. The population is not accurately known as no census has been taken in Lebanon since the 1930s; estimates range from 15,000 to 120,000. A 2006 population estimate by the now-closed German population site called World Gazetteer put the population at 100,541, which would make it the fifth largest city in Lebanon, after Tyre, Sidon, Tripoli, and Beirut according to those 2006 population estimates of Lebanese cities, but after an update in either 2007 or 2008 and calculations for the following years the 2013 population estimate turned out to be much lower at 36,593 and making the city the 11th largest in Lebanon behind Tyre, Bint Jbeil, Zahlé, Sidon, Baalbek, Jounieh, Tripoli and Beirut according those 2013 estimates. It is the main city in the Jabal Amel area and the chief center for both the mohafazat, or governorate, and the kaza, or canton both als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
