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Barsbay
Al-Ashraf Sayf ad-Dīn Barsbāy () was the ninth Burji dynasty, Burji Mamluk sultan of Egypt from AD 1422 to 1438. He was Circassians, Circassian by birth and a former slave of the first Burji Sultan, Barquq. Early career A former slave of the inaugural Burjite sultan, Barquq, Barsbay hailed from Circassian descent. On May 2, 1418, he was designated as the governor of Tripoli, Lebanon, Tripoli. He later assumed the role of tutor to Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad, Muhammad, the son of Sultan Sayf al-Din Tatar, Tatar, who was just ten years old upon ascending to the throne. Afterward, conflict broke out among three groups of emirs, one supporting the Sultan's Mamluks, while emirs Barsbay and Taribay opposed him. Barsbay and Taribay swiftly gained control, with Barsbay becoming regent and Taribay the military commander-in-chief. Despite quelling a revolt by the Viceroy of Aleppo and imprisoning several emirs, tension between Barsbay and Taribay escalated, resulting in Barsbay's victory. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanqah-Mausoleum Of Sultan Barsbay
The Khanqah and Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay or Complex of Sultan Barsbay is an Islam, Islamic funerary complex built by Sultan Barsbay, al-Ashraf Barsbay in 1432 CE in the historic City of the Dead (Cairo), Northern Cemetery of Cairo, Egypt. In addition to its overall layout and decoration, it is notable for the first stone domes in Cairo to be carved with Islamic geometric patterns, geometric star patterns. Historical background Sultan Barsbay, al-Ashraf Sayf al-Din Barsbay ruled from 1422 to 1438 Common Era, CE, a relatively long reign for the standards of the Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo), Mamluk period in Egypt. During that time, he built at least three notable buildings: the Al-Ashraf Mosque, Madrasa of Barsbay, built in 1423-24 (near the beginning of his reign) on Muizz Street, al-Muizz Street; his mausoleum complex in the City of the Dead (Cairo), Northern Cemetery, described on this page; and a Jama masjid, Friday mosque in the town of al-Khanqa, north of Cairo, in 1437. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
The Mamluk Sultanate (), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled medieval Egypt, Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries, with Cairo as its capital. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (freed slave soldiers) headed by a sultan. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517), conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic peoples, Turkic or Bahri Mamluks, Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassians, Circassian or Burji Mamluks, Burji period (1382–1517), called after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras. The first rulers of the sultanate hailed from the mamluk regiments of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub (), usurping power from his successor in 1250. The Mamluks under Sultan Qutuz and Baybars Battle of Ain Jalut, routed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hund Şehzade
Hund Şehzade (; born Fatma Şahzade Hatun and known also as Khawand Shahzada; 1422 – July 1455) was an Ottoman princess, granddaughter of claimant to the throne Süleyman Çelebi, and great-granddaughter of Sultan Bayezid I (r.1389 – 1402) of the Ottoman Empire. She was wife of Barsbay, and later of Sayf ad-Din Jaqmaq, Egypt Sultans of the Burji dynasty. Early life Born in 1422 as Fatma Şahzade Hatun, she was a daughter of Süleyman Çelebi#Family, Orhan Çelebi, son of Süleyman Çelebi, who was himself the son of Sultan Bayezid I. She had two older brother, Orhan Çelebi, Orhan and Mehmed, an older sister, Melek, and a younger brother, Süleyman (1423 – 1437). In 1433, Şahzade and her brother Süleyman took refuge in Cairo. The Mamluk Sultan Barsbay treated them generously, and rejected her cousin Murad II's requests to surrender them. First marriage In 1436, Ibrahim II of Karaman, attacked the Dulkadirids, and captured the disputable town of Kayseri and other f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mamluk Sultans
The following is a list of Mamluk sultans. The Mamluk Sultanate was founded in 1250 by '' mamluks'' of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub and it succeeded the Ayyubid state. It was based in Cairo and for much of its history, the territory of the sultanate spanned Egypt, Syria and parts of Anatolia, Upper Mesopotamia and the Hejaz. The sultanate ended with the advent of the Ottoman Empire in 1517. The Mamluk period is generally divided into two periods, the Bahri and Burji periods. The Bahri sultans were predominantly of Turkic origins, while the Burji sultans were predominantly ethnic Circassians. While the first three Mamluk sultans, Aybak Izz al-Din AybakThe name Aybeg or Aibak or Aybak is a combination of two Turkic words, "Ay" = Moon and "Beg" or variant "Bak" = Emir in Arabic. -(Al-Maqrizi, Note p.463/vol.1 ) () (''epithet:'' al-Malik al-Mu'izz Izz al-Din Aybak al-Jawshangir ..., his son al-Mansur Ali, and Qutuz, are generally considered part of the Bahri dynas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah
Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah (; born as Jadu/যদু) was a 15th-century Sultan of Bengal and an important figure in medieval Bengali history. Born a Hindu to his aristocratic father Raja Ganesha, the patriarch of the Ganesha dynasty, he assumed the throne of Bengal after a coup which overthrew the Ilyas Shahi dynasty. He converted to Islam and ruled the Bengal Sultanate for 16 years. As a Muslim king, he brought Kingdom of Arakan, Arakan under Bengali suzerainty and consolidated the kingdom's domestic administrative centres. He pursued relations with the Timurid Empire, Mamluk Egypt and Ming China. Bengal grew in wealth and population during his reign. He also combined Bengali and Islamic architecture. First phase (1415–1416) According to Goron and Goenka, Raja Ganesha seized control over Bengal soon after the death of Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah, Sultan Bayazid (1412–1414). Facing an imminent threat of invasion at the behest of a powerful Muslim holy man named Nur Qutb Alam, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Aziz Jamal Ad-Din Yusuf
Al-Aziz Jamal al-Din Yusuf () was the son of Barsbay, and a Mamluk sultan of Egypt from 7 June to 9 September 1438. Biography Following Sultan Barsbay's death in 1438, his fifteen-year-old son Yusuf inherited the throne. However, Jaqmaq who was his guardian orchestrated a scheme to remove him from power and seized the sultanate for himself. Yusuf who reigned for 94 days was imprisoned in Cairo then in Alexandria, where, according to Ibn Taghribirdi Jamal al-Din Yusuf bin al-Amir Sayf al-Din Taghribirdi (), or Abū al-Maḥāsin Yūsuf ibn Taghrī-Birdī, or Ibn Taghribirdi (2 February 1411— 5 June 1470; 813–874 Islamic calendar, Hijri) was an Islamic historian born in the 15th century i ..., he spent the rest of his life studying under quite pleasant circumstances. References Sources * * Burji sultans 15th-century Mamluk sultans 1420s births Year of death unknown {{Egypt-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burji Dynasty
The Burji Mamluks () or Circassian Mamluks (), sometimes referred to as the Burji dynasty, were the rulers of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt from 1382 until 1517. As with the preceding Bahri Mamluks, the members of the Burji Mamluk ruling class were purchased as slaves (mamluks) and Manumission, manumitted, with the most powerful among them taking the role of sultan in Cairo. During this period, the ruling Mamluks were generally of Circassians, Circassian origin, drawn from the Christian population of the northern Caucasus. The name ''Burji'', meaning 'of the tower', refers to the traditional residence of these Mamluks in the barracks of the Citadel of Cairo. Although sultans typically designated their sons to succeed them after death, the latter rarely lasted more than a few years before being usurped by one of the powerful Mamluk commanders, usually from among the Mamluks purchased by previous sultans. Political power-plays often became important in designating a new sultan. Dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
An-Nasir Ad-Din Muhammad
Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad (; 1411 – 24 March 1430) was the son of Sayf al-Din Tatar, and a Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria from 30 November 1421 to 1 April 1422. Biography At around 10 years old, al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad became successor to his father, Sultan Sayf al-Din Tatar, on November 28, 1421, who died two days later. Conflicts among emirs ensued, with Barsbay eventually seizing power. Deposed on April 1, 1422, Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad spent years in a palace in Cairo Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, L ... before his death from the plague in March 1430. References Sources * Burji sultans 15th-century Mamluk sultans 1411 births 1430 deaths {{Egypt-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk
Mamluk or Mamaluk (; (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural); translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab and Ottoman dynasties in the Muslim world. The most enduring Mamluk realm was the knightly military class in medieval Egypt, which developed from the ranks of slave-soldiers. Originally the Mamluks were slaves of Turkic origins from the Eurasian Steppe, but the institution of military slavery spread to include Circassians, Abkhazians, Georgians, Armenians, Russians, and Hungarians, as well as peoples from the Balkans such as Albanians, Greeks, and South Slavs (''see'' Saqaliba). They also recruited from the Egyptians. The "Mamluk/Ghulam Phenomenon", as David Ayalon dubbed the creation of the specific warrior class, was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City Of The Dead (Cairo)
The City of the Dead, or Cairo Necropolis, also referred to as the Qarafa (; locally pronounced as ''al-'arafa''), is a series of vast Islamic-era necropolises and cemeteries in Cairo, Egypt. They extend to the north and to the south of the Cairo Citadel, below the Mokattam Hills and outside the historic city walls, covering an area roughly long. They are included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of "Historic Cairo". The necropolis is separated roughly into two regions: the Northern Cemetery to the north of the Citadel (also called the Eastern Cemetery or ''Qarafat ash-sharq'' in Arabic because it is east of the old city walls), and the older Southern Cemetery to the south of the Citadel. There is also another smaller cemetery north of Bab al-Nasr. The necropolis that makes up "the City of the Dead" has been developed over many centuries and contains both the graves of Cairo's common population as well as the elaborate mausoleums of many of its historical rulers and elites. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Nasir Al-Din Muhammad
Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad (; 1411 – 24 March 1430) was the son of Sayf al-Din Tatar, and a Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria from 30 November 1421 to 1 April 1422. Biography At around 10 years old, al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad became successor to his father, Sultan Sayf al-Din Tatar, on November 28, 1421, who died two days later. Conflicts among emirs ensued, with Barsbay Al-Ashraf Sayf ad-Dīn Barsbāy () was the ninth Burji dynasty, Burji Mamluk sultan of Egypt from AD 1422 to 1438. He was Circassians, Circassian by birth and a former slave of the first Burji Sultan, Barquq. Early career A former slave of the i ... eventually seizing power. Deposed on April 1, 1422, Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad spent years in a palace in Cairo before his death from the Plague (disease), plague in March 1430. References Sources * Burji sultans 15th-century Mamluk sultans 1411 births 1430 deaths {{Egypt-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk Campaigns Against Cyprus (1424–1426)
The Mamluk campaigns against Cyprus were a series of military expeditions launched by the Mamluk Sultanate into the Kingdom of Cyprus between 1424 and 1426. As a result of the Mamluk victory in the battle of Khirokitia on 7 July 1426 and the capture of King Janus, Cyprus became a tributary state. Background In 1191, Richard I of England captured the island of Cyprus from the Byzantines during the Third Crusade, the island was later sold to Guy of Lusignan who purchased Cyprus from the Templars in 1192, who had themselves purchased it from Richard, Cyprus served as a supplier to the Levantine crusaders, in 1271, Baybars attempted to capture the island with an armada of 17 ships, but it was wrecked and destroyed in Limassol. Cyprus later became a base for Frankish pirates and raiders, in late 1292, Cypriots kidnapped Egyptian sailors in the Mediterranean Sea. The Egyptian Sultan El-Ashraf Khalil bin Qalawun, who was known for his extreme pride and temper, ordered immediately to p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
