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Banni Grasslands
Banni Grasslands Reserve or Banni grasslands form a belt of arid grassland ecosystem on the outer southern edge of the desert of the marshy salt flats of Rann of Kutch in Kutch District, Gujarat State, India. They are known for rich wildlife and biodiversity and are spread across an area of 3,847 square kilometres. They are currently legally protected under the status as a protected or reserve forest in India. Though declared a protected forest more than half a century ago Gujarat state's forest department has recently proposed a special plan to restore and manage this ecosystem in the most efficient way. Wildlife Institute of India (WII) has identified this grassland reserve as one of the last remaining habitats of the cheetah in India and a possible reintroduction site for the species. The word 'Banni' comes from Hindi word 'banai', meaning made. The land here was formed from the sediments that were deposited by the Indus and other rivers over thousands of years. Old ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arid
A region is arid when it severely lacks available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Regions with arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. Most arid climates straddle the Equator; these regions include parts of Africa, Asia, South America, North America, and Australia. Change over time The distribution of aridity at any time is largely the result of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The latter does change significantly over time through climate change. For example, temperature increase by 1.5–2.1 percent across the Nile Basin over the next 30–40 years could change the region from semi-arid to arid, significantly reducing the land usable for agriculture. In addition, changes in land use can increase demands on soil water and thereby increase aridity. See also * Arid Forest Research Institute * Aridity index * Desert climate * Desiccation tolerance * Drou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sediment
Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles. For example, sand and silt can be carried in suspension in river water and on reaching the sea bed deposited by sedimentation; if buried, they may eventually become sandstone and siltstone ( sedimentary rocks) through lithification. Sediments are most often transported by water ( fluvial processes), but also wind (aeolian processes) and glaciers. Beach sands and river channel deposits are examples of fluvial transport and deposition, though sediment also often settles out of slow-moving or standing water in lakes and oceans. Desert sand dunes and loess are examples of aeolian transport and deposition. Glacial moraine deposits and till are ice-transported sediments. Classification Sediment can be classified based on its grain size, grain s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Forest Act, 1927
The Indian Forest Act, 1927 was largely based on previous Indian Forest Acts implemented under the British. The most famous one was the Indian Forest Act of 1878. Both the 1878 act and the 1927 act sought to consolidate and reserve the areas having forest cover, or significant wildlife, to regulate movement and transit of forest produce, and duty leviable on timber and other forest produce. It also defines the procedure to be followed for declaring an area to be a Reserved Forest, a Protected Forest or a Village Forest. It defines what is a forest offence, what are the acts prohibited inside a Reserved Forest, and penalties leviable on violation of the provisions of the Act. History Dietrich Brandis set up the Indian Forest Service in 1864 and helped formulate the Indian Forest Act of 1865. The Indian Forest Act of 1865 extended the British colonialism in India and claimed over forests in India. The 1865 act was a precursor to the Forest Act of 1878, which truncated the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nomenclature
Nomenclature (, ) is a system of names or terms, or the rules for forming these terms in a particular field of arts or sciences. The principles of naming vary from the relatively informal conventions of everyday speech to the internationally agreed principles, rules and recommendations that govern the formation and use of the specialist terms used in scientific and any other disciplines. Naming "things" is a part of general human communication using words and language: it is an aspect of everyday taxonomy as people distinguish the objects of their experience, together with their similarities and differences, which observers identify, name and classify. The use of names, as the many different kinds of nouns embedded in different languages, connects nomenclature to theoretical linguistics, while the way humans mentally structure the world in relation to word meanings and experience relates to the philosophy of language. Onomastics, the study of proper names and their origi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutwa
The Mutwa are a Muslim community found in the state of Gujarat in India and a province of Sindh in Pakistan. They are one of a number of communities of Maldhari pastoral nomads found in the Banni region of Kutch. History and origin The Mutwa are Qureshi Arabs, whose ancestors arrived in South Asia with Muhammad bin Qasim, the Arab conqueror of Sindh. They settled in the neighbourhood of Karachi, Hyderabad and Mirpurkhas in Sindh. One of the Talpur rulers demanded a bride from the community, and when they refused, had to flee Sindh and settled in the Banni region of Kutch. Present circumstances The community is concentrated in the districts of Jetpur, Morvi, Dhoraji, Rajkot, Porbandar, Jamnagar, Junagarh and the Banni region of Kutch. They speak Kutchi with heavy Sindhi loanwords. The community is split into two clans, the Peerana and Moorana. Both clans are of equal status, and intermarriages are common.People of India Gujarat Volume XXI Part Two edited by R. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jats Of Kutch
) , image= , popplace = , langs = Kutchi • Gujarati language • Parkari Koli , rels= Islam , related= • Jats • Muslim Jat • Jats of Sindh • Muley Jat • Jats of Azad Kashmir • Sammas The Jats of Kutch are a cattle breeding nomadic Muslim community, found in the Kutch region of Gujarat in India. They are one of a number of communities of Maldhari pastoral nomads found in the Banni region of Kutch. History and origin The Jat, or Jath claim descent from ancient pastoral tribes of the Indus River Delta region of Sindh, where some members of the tribe still reside. Jath word come from Sindhi word jotay for this peoples. Jath are converted Muslim. Jath of kutch and Sindh belong to rabari tribe. Some rabaris Camel herder's groups of Balochistan converted into Islam and known as jath. Some that were assimilated from later waves of migration and who remain in Sindh are referred to as the Sindhi Jats. From there, they moved into the Bani region in search of pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hingorja
The Hingorja () are a Muslim community found in the state of a province of Sindh in Pakistan. They are one of a number of communities of pastoral nomads found in the Banni region of Kutch. History and origin The Hingorja claim descent from Samma Jat tribe who were devotees of Hinglaj Mata, whose temple is situated in Hingol in Baluchistan. They were converted to Islam, about five centuries ago, and migrated to Kutch in search of pasture. The Hingorja perceive themselves to be Muslim Rajputs. Present circumstances The community is concentrated in the villages of Nandi Daddar, Mota Banda and Dumcara in the taluka of Bhuj, in the Kutch District of Gujarat, and the neighbouring districts of Badin and Tharparkar in Sindh. They speak a dialect of Kutchi, with substantial Sindhi loan words. The community is endogamous, but does marry with other Samma communities, such as the Hingora. They are divided into a number of clans, the main ones being the Malwani, Jeshwani, Pari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hingora
The Hingora are a Muslim community found in the state of Gujarat in India and a province of Sindh in Pakistan. They are one of a number of communities of Maldhari pastoral nomads found in the Banni region of Kutch. Present circumstances The community is concentrated in the talukas of Bhuj, RiskyFarm Abdasa and Mandvi in Kutch District, the districts of Jamnagar, Junagadh, Porbandar of Gujarat, Jodhpur of Rajasthan and the neighbouring districts of Badin and Tharparkar and District Dadu in Sindh. They speak a dialect of Kutchi, Marwadi with substantial Sindhi loan words. The community is endigomous, but does marry with other Samma communities, such as the Hingorja.People of India Gujarat,RAJASTHAN Volume XXI Part Two edited by R.B Lal, P.B.S.V Padmanabham, G Krishnan & M Azeez Mohideen pages 505-508 See also *Hingorja The Hingorja () are a Muslim community found in the state of a province of Sindh in Pakistan. They are one of a number of communities of pastor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halaypotra
The Halaypotra ( sd, هاليپوٽا) are a Muslim community found in the state of Gujarat in India and a province of Sindh in Pakistan. They are one of a number of communities of Maldhari pastoral nomads found in the Banni region of Kutch. History and origin The Halaypotra claim descent from Halosamma, a nobleman belonging to the Samma Rajput tribe. Other traditions connect the Halaypotra with the Soomra tribe of Sindh. They are a small Maldhari community, concentrated in the Banni region of Kutch. The Halaypotra perceive themselves to be Muslim Rajputs. Present circumstances The community is concentrated in the talukas of Bhuj, Abdasa and Mandvi in Kutch District of Gujarat, and the neighbouring districts of Badin and Tharparkar in Sindh. They speak a dialect of Kutchi, with substantial Sindhi loan words. The Halaypotra consists of seven clans, the main ones being the Sharman, Dera, Tajju and Babbia. They are an endogamous community, and marriages between the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maldhari
Maldharis are herdsmen community in Gujarat, India. Originally nomads, they came to be known as Maldharis after settling in Junagadh district (mainly Gir Forest). "Maldhari" is an occupational term which refers to people from a variety of castes and communities. The literal meaning of ''Maldhari'' is keeper (''dhari'') of the animal stock (''mal''). They are notable as the traditional dairymen of the region, and once supplied milk and cheese to the palaces of rajas. Etymology The word "Maldhari" can be loosely translated into English as "herdsman". derives from the Gujarati language words ''maal'' (animal stock) and ''dhari'' (owner/keeper). Hence, the one who owns animals, breeds them and/or herds them is called Maldhari. Culture Maldharis are descendants of nomads who periodically came from ttarpradesh Rajasthan and other parts of Gujarat, and finally settled in the gir grasslands.P Their major communities include Bharvad, rabari,ahir ,charan . These semi- nomadic her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindhi Language
Sindhi ( ; , ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 30 million people in the Pakistani province of Sindh, where it has official status. It is also spoken by a further 1.7 million people in India, where it is a scheduled language, without any state-level official status. The main writing system is the Perso-Arabic script, which accounts for the majority of the Sindhi literature and is the only one currently used in Pakistan. In India, both the Perso-Arabic script and Devanagari are used. Sindhi has an attested history from the 10th century CE. Sindhi was one of the first languages of South Asia to encounter influence from Persian and Arabic following the Umayyad conquest in 712 CE. A substantial body of Sindhi literature developed during the Medieval period, the most famous of which is the religious and mystic poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai from the 18th century. Modern Sindhi was promoted under British rule beginning in 1843, which led to the current status of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-largest Muslim population just behind Indonesia. Pakistan is the 33rd-largest country in the world by area and 2nd largest in South Asia, spanning . It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast. It is separated narrowly from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman. Islamabad is the nation's capital, while Karachi is its largest city and financial centre. Pakistan is the site of several ancient cultures, including the 8,500-year-old Neolithic site of Mehrgarh in Balochistan, the Indus Valley civilisation of the Bronze Age, the most extens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
