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Body Of European Regulators Of Electronic Communications
The Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) is the body in which the regulators of the telecommunications markets in the European Union work together. Other participants include representatives of the European Commission, as well as telecommunication regulators from the member states of the European Economic Area, EEA and of states that are in the process of joining the EU. History In 2002, the EC set up the European Regulators Group (ERG) pursuant to Commission Decision 2002/627/EC of 29 July 2002 establishing the ERG for Electronic Communications Networks and Services to ensure the consistent development and application of the EU regulatory framework. The ERG was to advise and assist the EC in developing the internal market and, more generally, to provide an interface between NRAs and the EC. After making positive contributions to consistent regulatory practices by fostering cooperation among NRAs, and between the NRAs and the EC, additional coordinati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BEREC Logo
BEREC may refer to: * British Ever Ready Electrical Company, a consumer battery manufacturer that traded under the "BEREC" and "Ever Ready" names * Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications {{Disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Commission Roaming Regulations
The Roaming Regulation 2022(EU) 2022/612 bans roaming charges (Eurotariff) within the European Economic Area (EEA), which consists of the Member state of the European Union, member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. This regulates both the charges mobile network operator can impose on its subscribers for using telephone and data services outside of the network's member state, and the wholesale rates networks can charge each other to allow their subscribers access to each other's networks. The 2012 Regulation was recast in 2022. Since 2007, the roaming regulations have steadily lowered the maximum roaming charges allowable. In December 2016, the representatives of the Member States voted to abolish all roaming charges by June 2017 which eventually led to the abolition of all roaming charges for temporary roaming within the EEA as of 15 June 2017. Provisions regulating roaming charges are contained in several regulations: Regulation No 531/2012 on ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agencies Established In 2009
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The main types of modern political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes, and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes. Modern classification systems also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. Historically prevalent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organisations Based In Riga
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson of a group of people subject to negotiation (e.g.: the Polisario Front being recognized as the sole representative of the Sahrawi people and forming a partially recognized state.) Compare the concept of social groups, which may include non-organiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telecommunications In Europe
Telecommunications in the European Union may refer to telecommunications in the 27 member states of the European Union: * Telecommunications in Austria * Telecommunications in Belgium * Telecommunications in Bulgaria * Telecommunications in Croatia * Telecommunications in Cyprus * Telecommunications in the Czech Republic * Telecommunications in Denmark * Telecommunications in Estonia * Telecommunications in Finland * Telecommunications in France * Telecommunications in Germany *Telecommunications in Greece * Telecommunications in Hungary * Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland * Telecommunications in Italy * Telecommunications in Latvia * Telecommunications in Lithuania * Telecommunications in Luxembourg *Telecommunications in Malta This article is an overview of telecommunications in Malta. Telephone Telephones - main lines in use: 259,000 (2022) Telephones - mobile cellular: 702,000 (2022) Telephone system: automatic system satisfies normal requirements ''domestic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telecommunications Regulatory Authorities
Telecommunication, often used in its plural form or abbreviated as telecom, is the transmission of information over a distance using electronic means, typically through cables, radio waves, or other communication technologies. These means of transmission may be divided into communication channels for multiplexing, allowing for a single medium to transmit several concurrent communication sessions. Long-distance technologies invented during the 20th and 21st centuries generally use electric power, and include the telegraph, telephone, television, and radio. Early telecommunication networks used metal wires as the medium for transmitting signals. These networks were used for telegraphy and telephony for many decades. In the first decade of the 20th century, a revolution in wireless communication began with breakthroughs including those made in radio communications by Guglielmo Marconi, who won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics. Other early pioneers in electrical and electronic tel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union Telecommunications Policy
European, or Europeans, may refer to: In general * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to Europe ** Ethnic groups in Europe ** Demographics of Europe ** European cuisine, the cuisines of Europe and other Western countries * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to the European Union ** European Union citizenship ** Demographics of the European Union In publishing * ''The European'' (1953 magazine), a far-right cultural and political magazine published 1953–1959 * ''The European'' (newspaper), a British weekly newspaper published 1990–1998 * ''The European'' (2009 magazine), a German magazine first published in September 2009 *''The European Magazine'', a magazine published in London 1782–1826 *''The New European'', a British weekly pop-up newspaper first published in July 2016 Other uses * * Europeans (band), a British post-punk group, from Bristol See also * * * Europe (other) * The Europ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 In The European Union
Events from the year 2009 in the European Union. Incumbents * President of the European Council ** Mirek Topolánek (Jan – May 2009) ** Jan Fischer (May – Jun 2009) ** Fredrik Reinfeldt (July – Dec 2009) * Commission President - ** José Manuel Barroso * Council Presidency - Czech Republic (Jan – Jun 2009) and Sweden (July – Dec 2009) * High Representative ** Javier Solana (to 1 December 2009) ** Catherine Ashton (from 1 December 2009) Events January * January 1 - Czech Republic assumes the Presidency for the first time. * January 1 - Slovakia adopts the euro and becomes the 16th member of the Eurozone. * January 1 - Deadline by which goods in all member states of the European Union must be sold in metric units (this has already been completed everywhere, except in the United Kingdom). Road signs in the UK are unaffected (road signs in all other member states are already in metric units). February * February 14 - Lithuania celebrates the millennium of its nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agencies Of The European Union
The European Union and Euratom have agencies, decentralised independent bodies, corporate bodies and joint undertakings which are established as juridical persons through secondary EU legislation and tasked with a specific narrow field of work. They are a part of the wider set of bodies of the European Union and Euratom and are therefore distinct from: * international law juridical persons established through primary (treaty) legislation, either as an EU institution (the European Central Bank) or as an EU body of another type (such as the European Investment Bank Group entities, the European University Institute, the European Stability Mechanism or the Unified Patent Court) * other EU institutions * other EU bodies lacking juridical personality, including the advisory bodies, the independent offices held by a single person ( European Ombudsman, European Data Protection Supervisor), and the (non-independent, auxiliary) EU inter-institutional services, regardless of whether ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EUR-Lex
EUR-Lex is the official online database of European Union law and other public documents of the European Union (EU), published in 24 official Languages of the European Union, languages of the EU. The Official Journal of the European Union, Official Journal (OJ) of the European Union is also published on EUR-Lex. Users can access EUR-Lex free of charge and also register for a free account, which offers extra features. History Data processing of legal texts at the European Commission started way back in the 1960s, still using Punched card, punch cards at the time. A system was being developed to capture relationships between documents and analyse them to extract and re-use metadata, but also to make retrieval easier. Through the years, the system and its scope grew as the Commission started collaborating with other institutions of the European Union and as the Union started Enlargement of the European Union, expanding. It was named CELEX () and soon became a well-used interinstit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agency For The Cooperation Of Energy Regulators
The European Union Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) is an Agency of the European Union created under the terms of the Third Energy Package of 2009. It was established in 2010 and has its seat in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The basis for the establishment of ACER is Regulation 713/2009 of the European Parliament and the Council of 13 July 2009. The regulation describes the establishment and the legal status, tasks, organisation, and financial provisions. It was reestablished in 2019 by directive (EU) 2019/942 ACER is the second intergovernmental organization headquartered in Slovenia. The first was the International Center for Promotion of Enterprises (ICPE). Tasks The Agency: * complements and coordinates the work of national regulatory authorities, * participates in the creation of European network rules, * takes, under certain conditions, binding individual decisions on terms and conditions for access and operational security for cross border infrastructure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
