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Bisgaardia Hudsonensi
Bisgaardia is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the family Pasteurellaceae. The genus was first described in 2011 following the isolation of '' Bisgaardia hudsonensis'' from marine mammals, including narwhals (''Monodon monoceros'') and beluga whales (''Delphinapterus leucas''). A second species, '' Bisgaardia miroungae'', was later described from the oral cavity of a northern elephant seal (''Mirounga angustirostris''). Etymology The genus name Bisgaardia honors Danish microbiologist Morten Bisgaard for his contributions to the taxonomy of the family Pasteurellaceae. Characteristics ''Bisgaardia'' species are characterized by the following features: * Gram-negative * Rod-shaped or coccoid cells * Non-motile * Facultatively anaerobic * Oxidase-positive and catalase-positive Colonies are typically small, non-haemolytic, and greyish on blood agar. Habitat and isolation ''Bisgaardia'' species have been isolated from the oral cavity and respirator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit the air, soil, water, Hot spring, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the nitrogen fixation, fixation of nitrogen from the Earth's atmosphere, atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of cadaver, dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Facultatively Anaerobic
A facultative anaerobic organism is an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is capable of switching to fermentation if oxygen is absent. Some examples of facultatively anaerobic bacteria are ''Staphylococcus'' spp., ''Escherichia coli'', ''Salmonella'', ''Listeria'' spp., '' Shewanella oneidensis'' and ''Yersinia pestis''. Certain eukaryotes are also facultative anaerobes, including pupfish, fungi such as ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and many aquatic invertebrates such as nereid polychaetes. It has been observed that in mutants of ''Salmonella typhimurium'' that underwent mutations to be either obligate aerobes or anaerobes, there were varying levels of chromatin-remodeling proteins. The obligate aerobes were later found to have a defective DNA gyrase subunit A gene ('' gyrA''), while obligate anaerobes were defective in topoisomerase I (''topI''). This indicates that topoisomerase I and its associated relaxation of chromosomal DNA is requir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative Bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the Crystal violet, crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan gram-negative cell wall, cell wall sandwiched between an inner (Cytoplasm, cytoplasmic) Cell membrane, membrane and an Bacterial outer membrane, outer membrane. These bacteria are found in all environments that support life on Earth. Within this category, notable species include the model organism ''Escherichia coli'', along with various pathogenic bacteria, such as ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''Chlamydia trachomatis'', and ''Yersinia pestis''. They pose significant challenges in the medical field due to their outer membrane, which acts as a protective barrier against numerous Antibiotic, antibiotics (including penicillin), Detergent, detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Mammal Microbiome
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (other) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine current power * Marine debris * Marine energy * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * Marines, a naval-based infantry force ** United States Marine Corps ** Royal Marines of the UK ** Brazilian Marine Corps ** Spanish Marine Infantry ** Fusiliers marins (France) ** Indonesian Marine Corps ** Republic of China Marine Corps ** Republic of Korea Marine Corps ** Royal Thai Marine Corps *"Marine" also means "navy" in several languages: ** Austro-Hungarian Navy () ** Belgian Navy (, , ) ** Royal Canadian Navy () *** Provincial Marine (1796–1910), a predecessor to the Royal Canadian Navy ** Navy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo () ** Royal Danish Navy () ** Finnish Navy (, ) ** French Navy () ** Gabonese Navy () ** German Navy () ** Royal Moroccan Navy () ** Royal Netherlands Navy ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Elephant Seal
The northern elephant seal (''Mirounga angustirostris'') is one of two species of elephant seal (the other is the southern elephant seal). It is a member of the family Phocidae (true seals). Elephant seals derive their name from their great size and from the male's large proboscis, which is used in making extraordinarily loud roaring noises, especially during the mating competition. Sexual dimorphism in size is great. Correspondingly, the mating system is highly polygynous; a successful male is able to impregnate up to 50 females in one season. Description The huge male northern elephant seal typically weighs and measures , although some males can weigh up to . Females are much smaller and can range from in weight, or roughly a third of the male's bulk, and measure from . The bull southern elephant seals are, on average, larger than those in the northern species, but the females in both are around the same size, indicating the even higher level of sexual dimorphism in the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narwhals
The narwhal (''Monodon monoceros'') is a species of toothed whale native to the Arctic. It is the only member of the genus ''Monodon'' and one of two living representatives of the family Monodontidae. The narwhal is a stocky cetacean with a relatively blunt snout, a large Melon (whale), melon, and a shallow ridge in place of a dorsal fin. Males of this species have a large () long tusk, which is a protruding left Canine tooth, canine thought to function as a weapon, a tool for feeding, in sexual selection, attracting mates or sensing water salinity. Specially adapted slow-twitch muscles, along with the jointed neck vertebrae and shallow dorsal ridge allow for easy movement through the Arctic environment, where the narwhal spends extended periods at great depths. The narwhal's geographic range overlaps with that of the similarly built and closely related beluga whale, and the animals are known to interbreed. Narwhals inhabit the Arctic waters of Canada, Greenland and Russia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisgaardia Hudsonensi
Bisgaardia is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the family Pasteurellaceae. The genus was first described in 2011 following the isolation of '' Bisgaardia hudsonensis'' from marine mammals, including narwhals (''Monodon monoceros'') and beluga whales (''Delphinapterus leucas''). A second species, '' Bisgaardia miroungae'', was later described from the oral cavity of a northern elephant seal (''Mirounga angustirostris''). Etymology The genus name Bisgaardia honors Danish microbiologist Morten Bisgaard for his contributions to the taxonomy of the family Pasteurellaceae. Characteristics ''Bisgaardia'' species are characterized by the following features: * Gram-negative * Rod-shaped or coccoid cells * Non-motile * Facultatively anaerobic * Oxidase-positive and catalase-positive Colonies are typically small, non-haemolytic, and greyish on blood agar. Habitat and isolation ''Bisgaardia'' species have been isolated from the oral cavity and respirator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner ( cytoplasmic) membrane and an outer membrane. These bacteria are found in all environments that support life on Earth. Within this category, notable species include the model organism '' Escherichia coli'', along with various pathogenic bacteria, such as '' Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', '' Chlamydia trachomatis'', and '' Yersinia pestis''. They pose significant challenges in the medical field due to their outer membrane, which acts as a protective barrier against numerous antibiotics (including penicillin), detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and the antimicrobial enzyme lysozyme produced by animals as part of their innate immune system. Furthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudomonadota
Pseudomonadota (synonym "Proteobacteria") is a major phylum of gram-negative bacteria. Currently, they are considered the predominant phylum within the domain of bacteria. They are naturally found as pathogenic and free-living (non- parasitic) genera. The phylum comprises six classes ''Acidithiobacillia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Hydrogenophilia'', and '' Zetaproteobacteria.'' The Pseudomonadota are widely diverse, with differences in morphology, metabolic processes, relevance to humans, and ecological influence. Classification American microbiologist Carl Woese established this grouping in 1987, calling it informally the "purple bacteria and their relatives". The group was later formally named the 'Proteobacteria' after the Greek god Proteus, who was known to assume many forms. In 2021 the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes designated the synonym Pseudomonadota, and renamed many other prokaryotic phyla as well. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisgaardia Miroungae
''Bisgaardia miroungae'' is a bacterial species which was originally isolated from the oral cavity of an elephant seal (''Mirounga angustirostris'') from the Marine Mammal Center in the United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ... in 2011. References External linksType strain of ''Bisgaardia miroungae'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Pasteurellales Bacteria described in 2015 {{Gammaproteobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisgaardia Hudsonensis
''Bisgaardia hudsonensis'' is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of ''Bisgaardia'' which has been isolated from the lungs of a dead ringed seal ('' Phoca hispida'') from the Eastern Hudson Bay in Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ... and in Scotland. References External linksType strain of ''Bisgaardia hudsonensis'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Pasteurellales Bacteria described in 2011 {{Gammaproteobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
