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Biological Dynamics Of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP; or Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais, PDBFF, in Portuguese) is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest. The experiment which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. The project is jointly managed by the Amazon Biodiversity Center and the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA). The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the ''Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project,Quammen, p. 454'' the project created forest fragments of sizes , , and . Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years. As of April 2020, 785 scholarly journal articles and more than 150 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project. History The Biological Dynam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edge Effects
In ecology, edge effects are changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two or more habitats. Areas with small habitat fragments exhibit especially pronounced edge effects that may extend throughout the range. As the edge effects increase, the boundary habitat allows for greater biodiversity. Urbanization is causing humans to continuously fragment landscapes and thus increase the edge effect. This change in landscape ecology is proving to have consequences. Generalist species, especially invasive ones, have been seen to benefit from this landscape change whilst specialist species are suffering. For example, the alpha diversity of edge-intolerant birds in Lacandona rainforest, Mexico, is decreasing as edge effects increase. Types * Inherent – Natural features stabilize the border location. * Induced – Transient natural disturbances (e.g., fire or flood) or human related activities, subject borders to successional changes over t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Kolbert
Elizabeth Kolbert (born 1961) is an American journalist, author, and visiting fellow at Williams College. She is best known for her Pulitzer Prize-winning book '' The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History'', and as an observer and commentator on the environment for ''The New Yorker'' magazine. The Sixth Extinction was a ''New York Times'' bestseller and won the ''Los Angeles Times’'' book prize for science and technology. Her book '' Under a White Sky'' was one of the ''Washington Post’s'' ten best books of the 2021. Kolbert is a two-time National Magazine Award winner, and was awarded the BBVA Biophilia Award for Environmental Communication in 2022. Her work has appeared in '' The Best American Science and Nature Writing'' and ''The Best American Essays''. Kolbert served as a member of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists' Science and Security Board from 2017 to 2020. Early life Kolbert spent her early childhood in the Bronx; her family then relocated to Larchmont, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patch Dynamics
Patch dynamics is an ecological perspective that the structure, function, and dynamics of ecological systems can be understood through studying their interactive patches. Patch dynamics, as a term, may also refer to the spatiotemporal changes within and among patches that make up a landscape. Patch dynamics is ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic systems across organizational levels and spatial scales. From a patch dynamics perspective, populations, communities, ecosystems, and landscapes may all be studied effectively as mosaics of patches that differ in size, shape, composition, history, and boundary characteristics. The idea of patch dynamics dates back to the 1940s when plant ecologists studied the structure and dynamics of vegetation in terms of the interactive patches that it comprises. A mathematical theory of patch dynamics was developed by Simon Levin and Robert Paine in the 1970s, originally to describe the pattern and dynamics of an intertidal community as a patc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landscape Ecology
Landscape ecology is the science of studying and improving relationships between ecological processes in the environment and particular ecosystems. This is done within a variety of landscape scales, development spatial patterns, and organizational levels of research and policy. Concisely, landscape ecology can be described as the science of "landscape diversity" as the synergetic result of biodiversity and geodiversity. As a highly interdisciplinary field in systems science, landscape ecology integrates biophysical and analytical approaches with humanistic and holistic perspectives across the natural sciences and social sciences. Landscapes are spatially heterogeneous geographic areas characterized by diverse interacting patches or ecosystems, ranging from relatively natural terrestrial and aquatic systems such as forests, grasslands, and lakes to human-dominated environments including agricultural and urban settings. The most salient characteristics of landscape ecolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Composition
Species richness is the number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region. Species richness is simply a count of species, and it does not take into account the abundances of the species or their relative abundance distributions. Species richness is sometimes considered synonymous with species diversity, but the formal metric species diversity takes into account both species richness and species evenness. Sampling considerations Depending on the purposes of quantifying species richness, the individuals can be selected in different ways. They can be, for example, trees found in an inventory plot, birds observed from a monitoring point, or beetles collected in a pitfall trap. Once the set of individuals has been defined, its species richness can be exactly quantified, provided the species-level taxonomy of the organisms of interest is well enough known. Applying different species delimitations will lead to different species richness values ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duguetia
''Duguetia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the plant family Annonaceae with approximately 90 species in central and South America, and four species in west Africa. Species *'' Duguetia aberrans'' Maas *'' Duguetia adiscandra'' Jans.-Jac. *'' Duguetia amazonica'' R.E.Fr. *'' Duguetia amplexifolia'' R.E.Fr. *'' Duguetia antioquensis'' H.León & Maas *'' Duguetia arenicola'' Maas *'' Duguetia aripuanae'' Maas *'' Duguetia asterotricha'' R.E.Fr. *'' Duguetia bahiensis'' Maas *'' Duguetia barteri'' (Benth.) Chatrou *'' Duguetia bracteosa'' Mart. *''Duguetia brevipedunculata'' (R.E.Fr.) R.E.Fr. *'' Duguetia cadaverica'' Huber *'' Duguetia calycina'' Benoist *'' Duguetia candollei'' Baill. *'' Duguetia caniflora'' León & Maas *''Duguetia caudata'' R.E.Fr. *'' Duguetia cauliflora'' R.E.Fr. *''Duguetia chrysea'' Maas *'' Duguetia chrysocarpa'' Maas *'' Duguetia colombiana'' Maas *'' Duguetia confinis'' (Engl. & Diels) Chatrou *'' Dugueti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intact Forest Landscape
An intact forest landscape (IFL) is an unbroken natural landscape of a forest ecosystem and its habitat–plant community components, in an extant forest zone. An IFL is a natural environment with no signs of significant human activity or habitat fragmentation, and of sufficient size to contain, support, and maintain the complex of indigenous biodiversity of viable populations of a wide range of genera and species, and their ecological effects. IFLs are estimated to cover 23 percent of forest ecosystems (13.1 million km2). Two biomes hold almost all of these IFLs: dense tropical and subtropical forests (45 percent) and boreal forests (44 percent), while the proportion of IFLs in temperate broadleaf and mixed forests is very small. IFLs remain in 66 of the 149 countries that could potentially have them. Three of these countries, Canada, Russia, and Brazil, contain 64 percent of the total IFL area in the world. Nineteen percent of the global IFL area is under some form of protection, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Preto Da Eva
Rio Preto da Eva (''Black River of Eve'' in Portuguese) is a municipality located just east of Manaus in the Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...ian state of Amazonas. Its population was 34,106 (2020) and its area is . The municipality contains most of the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project Area of Relevant Ecological Interest, created in 1985. The municipality contains the Rio Urubu State Forest, created in 2003. References Municipalities in Amazonas (Brazilian state) {{AmazonasBR-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biological Dynamics Of Forest Fragments Project Area Of Relevant Ecological Interest
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project Area of Relevant Ecological Interest ( pt, Área de Relevante Interesse Ecológico Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais: ARIE-PDBFF) is an area of relevant ecological interest in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It is the location of the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, which explores the effects of habitat fragmentation and the processes of regeneration of forest fragments isolated by human activity. Location The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project Area of Relevant Ecological Interest (ARIE-PDBFF) is divided between the municipalities of Manaus (3.61%) and Rio Preto da Eva (96.39%) in Amazonas, with a total area of . The research area is about north of the city of Manaus. The Rio Urubu State Forest lies to the north. The BR-174 highway divides the ARIE, which is mostly on the east of the highway. Two small segments are on the west side of the highway in the Rio Negro Left Bank Envir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soil Quality
Soil quality refers to the condition of soil based on its capacity to perform ecosystem services that meet the needs of human and non-human life.Tóth, G., Stolbovoy, V. and Montanarella, 2007. Soil Quality and Sustainability Evaluation - An integrated approach to support soil-related policies of the European Union", EUR 22721 EN. 40 pp. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg. . Soil quality reflects how well a soil performs the functions of maintaining biodiversity and productivity, partitioning water and solute flow, filtering and buffering, nutrient cycling, and providing support for plants and other structures. Soil management has a major impact on soil quality. Soil quality relates to soil functions. Unlike water or air, for which established standards have been set, soil quality is difficult to define or quantify. Indicators of soil quality Soil quality can be evaluated using the Soil Management Assessment Framework. Soil quality in agr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insular Biogeography
Insular biogeography or island biogeography is a field within biogeography that examines the factors that affect the species richness and diversification of isolated natural communities. The theory was originally developed to explain the pattern of the species–area relationship occurring in oceanic islands. Under either name it is now used in reference to any ecosystem (present or past) that is isolated due to being surrounded by unlike ecosystems, and has been extended to mountain peaks, seamounts, oases, fragmented forests, and even natural habitats isolated by human land development. The field was started in the 1960s by the ecologists Robert H. MacArthur and E. O. Wilson, who coined the term ''island biogeography'' in their inaugural contribution to Princeton's Monograph in Population Biology series, which attempted to predict the number of species that would exist on a newly created island. Definitions For biogeographical purposes, an insular environment or "island" is any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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