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Basque Country Independence
Basque independence is the principle and a movement for autonomy or Self-governance, self government for the Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country, Independence, independent of the Government of Spain and the Government of France. Constitutional background After a period of self-government, the Basque Government, Basque government was abolished by the Spanish government in 1839. Under the Spanish Francoist Spain, Franco regime during the Spanish Civil War, the Basque language was banned, the rights of Basques were reduced, and the Basque city of Guernica was bombed on behalf of Franco by the Nazis. In response, the Basque nationalist group, ETA (separatist group), Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) was established in 1959 and was responsible for the deaths of over 800 people before it was disbanded in May 2018. Re-establishment of autonomy In 1978 a special status was given to "historic nationalities"; the Basque country, Catalonia and Galicia. Pre-autonomous bodies wou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Basque Country
The flag of the Basque Country, also known as the ikurrina (in Basque language, Basque)EuskaltzaindiaDictionary of the Standard Basque, retrieved 2010-10-04. or ikurriña (Spanish language, Spanish spelling of the Basque term), is the official flag of the Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque Country Autonomous Community of Spain. This flag consists of a white cross over a green saltire on a red field. Terminology The name is a neologism by Luis Arana (politician), Luis and Sabino Arana, from 'mark, sign' (itself a neologism extracted from 'to read'), comparable to the Catalan and Faroese . In Basque, it has the generic meaning of 'flag', but especially that of the Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country, as defined by the Euskaltzaindia (Royal Academy of the Basque Language). The original Bizkaiera, Biscayne spelling of the Aranas was (the suffix, final is the Basque definite article, in singular). The modern standard Basque spelling is . Design Similar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navarre
Navarre ( ; ; ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre, is a landlocked foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Autonomous Community, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and New Aquitaine in France. The capital city is Pamplona (). The present-day province makes up the majority of the territory of the medieval Kingdom of Navarre, a long-standing Pyrenean kingdom that occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost part, Lower Navarre, located in the southwest corner of France. Navarre is in the transition zone between the green Cantabrian Coast and semi-arid interior areas and thus its landscapes vary widely across the region. Being in a transition zone also produces a highly variable climate, with summers that are a mix of cooler spells and heat waves, and winters that are mild for the latitude. Navarre is one of the historic Basque provinces: its Basque features are conspicuous in the north, but vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euskal Herria Bai
''Euskal Herria Bai'' (, EH Bai) is a Basque political party and former electoral alliance in France, founded in 2007 by Abertzaleen Batasuna, Eusko Alkartasuna and Batasuna. Batasuna was dissolved in 2013, and replaced by Sortu. It became a unified party in November 2022. History The coalition first contested the 2007 legislative elections as a union of three parties: Abertzaleen Batasuna, Batasuna, and Eusko Alkartasuna. Although initial discussions included the possibility of the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ) joining the coalition, EAJ ultimately decided to remain outside due to the resumption of ETA's armed campaign on 5 June 2007. In 2011, the three parties forming the coalition called for an end to party divisions, as members of the Basque nationalist movement were demanding unity, aiming to become a single, strong movement. This push for unity was reflected in both the 2012 legislative elections and the 2014 municipal elections, serving as a sign of the organization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Basque Country
The French Basque Country (; ; ), or Northern Basque Country (, or , ), is a region lying on the west of the French department of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques. Since 1 January 2017, it constitutes the Basque Municipal Community (; ) presided over by . It includes three former historic French provinces in the north-east of the traditional Basque Country totalling : Lower Navarre (; ), until 1789 nominally Kingdom of Navarre, with ; Labourd (), with ; Soule (), with . The population included in the Basque Municipal Community amounts to 309,723 inhabitants distributed in 158 municipalities. It is delimited in the north by the department of Landes, in the west by the Bay of Biscay, in the south by the Southern Basque Country and in the east by Béarn (although in the Béarnese village of Esquiule, Basque is spoken), which is the eastern part of the department. Bayonne and Biarritz (BAB) are its chief towns, included in the Basque Eurocity Bayonne-San Sebastián Euror ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geroa Bai
Geroa Bai () is a regional political coalition in the Chartered Community of Navarre, created for the 2011 election to the Cortes Generales. It includes the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV), Atarrabia Taldea, and the Geroa Socialverdes partnership. These groups had shared the former coalition Nafarroa Bai, along with Eusko Alkartasuna and Aralar (which entered the coalition Amaiur, and later EH Bildu), and Batzarre (which entered the coalition Izquierda-Ezkerra). History Geroa Bai elected one representative to the Congress of Deputies in the general elections held in 2011 ( Uxue Barkos, who had been the representative of Nafarroa Bai in her previous term). TVE Geroa Bai holds 9 seats in the much fragmented |
Confederation
A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a political union of sovereign states united for purposes of common action. Usually created by a treaty, confederations of states tend to be established for dealing with critical issues, such as defence, foreign relations, internal trade or currency, with the central government being required to provide support for all its members. Confederalism represents a main form of intergovernmentalism, defined as any form of interaction around states that takes place on the basis of sovereign independence or government. The nature of the relationship among the member states constituting a confederation varies considerably. Likewise, the relationship between the member states and the general government and their distribution of powers varies. Some looser confederations are similar to intergovernmental organization, international organisations. Other confederations with stricter rules may resemble federal systems. These elements o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euskal Herria Bildu
EH Bildu, short for Euskal Herria Bildu ( English: 'Basque Country Gather' or 'Basque Country Unite'), is a left-wing, Basque nationalist and pro-independence federation of political parties in Spain. It is the main political force of the abertzale left in Spain. EH Bildu is active in the Spanish Basque Country, that is, in the Basque Autonomous Community and Chartered Community of Navarre, as well as in the Treviño enclave of the Burgos Province. In the French Basque Country, it has an alliance with the party Euskal Herria Bai, with the goal of establishing a state for the Basque Country across the Spanish-French border. History Formation of Bildu Bildu was formed in response to the March 2011 ruling by Spain's Supreme Court that banned the registration of a new Basque party called Sortu. Bildu was a coalition of the social democratic Eusko Alkartasuna, Alternatiba (a splinter group from Ezker Batua) and independent individuals from the Basque left-wing nationalist milie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque Nationalist Party
The Basque Nationalist Party ( , EAJ; , PNV; , PNB; EAJ-PNV), officially the Basque National Party in English, is a Basque nationalist and regionalist political party. The party is located in the centre of the political spectrum. It has been described as Christian democratic, with social democratic and conservative-liberal factions. The EAJ-PNV was founded by Sabino Arana in 1895, which makes it the second oldest extant political party in Spain, after the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). The EAJ-PNV is the largest Basque nationalist party, having led the Basque Government uninterruptedly since 1979, except for a brief period between 2009 and 2012. In Navarre, it is part of the coalition Geroa Bai, which is currently a junior partner of the PSOE in the Navarrese regional government. In Spain at large, the party has been supporting current Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, a member of the PSOE, since 2019. Currently a member of the European Democratic Party, EAJ-PNV was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Basque Country
The Southern Basque Country (; ) refers to the Basque territories southside of the Pyrenees, within the Iberian Peninsula. Name In Basque language, known as '' Euskera'', natives have referred to the Basque districts as ''Euskal Herria(k)''. During history, it has been named in a variety of ways (mainly through regional political etymologies according to contemporary administrative sources) * Up to the early 19th century: ''Bizkaia'' (in an ethnic sense), ''Bizkaia and Nafarroa'' (political approach), the ''Basque provinces'' * 19th century through to late 20th century: The "Four in One" (''Laurak Bat''), ''Vasconia'' (scholarly term), the ''Sister Provinces'', the ''Exempt Provinces'', the ''Chartered Provinces'', the ''Basque Provinces and Nafarroa'' (legally in 1833), the Basque-Navarrese Country, the Basque Country, the Southside (''Hegoalde'') ''Peninsular'' Basque Country can refer to this same territory as the Basque-derived term "Southern Basque Country" invariably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agglomeration Community Of The Basque Country
Agglomeration may refer to: * Urban agglomeration, in standard English * Megalopolis, in Chinese English, as defined in China's ''Standard for basic terminology of urban planning'' (GB/T 50280—98). Also known as "city cluster". * Economies of agglomeration, an economic principle regarding geographic concentration of industries * A subcategory of Flocculation * Agglomeration, a term used by philosopher Bernard Williams Sir Bernard Arthur Owen Williams (21 September 1929 – 10 June 2003) was an English Ethics, moral philosopher. His publications include ''Problems of the Self'' (1973), ''Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy'' (1985), ''Shame and Necessit ... * oil agglomeration {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gipuzkoa
Gipuzkoa ( , ; ; ) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Its capital city is Donostia-San Sebastián. Gipuzkoa shares borders with the French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques at the northeast, with the province and autonomous community of Navarre at east, Biscay at west, Álava at southwest and the Bay of Biscay to its north. It is located at the easternmost extreme of the Cantabric Sea, in the Bay of Biscay. It has of coastline. With a total area of , Gipuzkoa is the smallest province of Spain. The province has 89 municipalities and a population of 720,592 inhabitants (2018), from which more than half live in the Donostia-San Sebastián metropolitan area. Apart from the capital, other important cities are Irun, Errenteria, Zarautz, Mondragón, Eibar, Hondarribia, Oñati, Tolosa, Beasain and Pasaia. Gipuzkoa is the province of the Basque Country in which the Basque language is the most ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
