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Artistic Rendering
Non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) is an area of computer graphics that focuses on enabling a wide variety of expressive styles for digital art, in contrast to traditional computer graphics, which focuses on photorealism. NPR is inspired by other artistic modes such as painting, drawing, technical illustration, and animated cartoons. NPR has appeared in movies and video games in the form of cel-shaded animation (also known as "toon" shading) as well as in scientific visualization, architectural illustration and experimental animation. History and criticism of the term The term ''non-photorealistic rendering'' is believed to have been coined by the SIGGRAPH 1990 papers committee, who held a session entitled "Non Photo Realistic Rendering". The term has received some criticism: * The term "photorealism" has different meanings for graphics researchers (see " photorealistic rendering") and artists. For artists—who are the target consumers of NPR techniques—it refers to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Toon Shader
Toon may refer to: Places * Tōon, Ehime, a Japanese city in Ehime Prefecture * Toon, the former name of Ferdows, a city in South Khorasan Province, Iran * Toon, Somaliland, a town in the Garoodi region People * Toon (name), a list of people with the given name, nickname or surname Arts and entertainment * ''Toon'' (TV series), a 2016 Dutch television series * ''Toon'' (role-playing game), published by Steve Jackson Games * Toon, a term in the film ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' (1988) for cartoon characters * Toon, a shortened name for cartoon animation Businesses * Cartoon Network, an animation-oriented cable television network, sometimes abbreviated to Toon * Toon Books an American comic book publisher * Toon Studio, Disneyland Paris Other uses * Toon, trees of the genus '' Toona'' * A nickname for Newcastle upon Tyne based on the local dialect pronunciation of the word "town" * A nickname for Newcastle United F.C. See also * * Toon Disney, a former pay TV channel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Camera Lens
A camera lens (also known as photographic lens or photographic objective) is an optical lens or assembly of lenses used in conjunction with a camera body and mechanism to make images of objects either on photographic film or on other media capable of storing an image chemically or electronically. There is no major difference in principle between a lens used for a still camera, a video camera, a telescope, a microscope, or other apparatus, but the details of design and construction are different. A lens might be permanently fixed to a camera, or it might be interchangeable with lenses of different focal lengths, apertures, and other properties. While in principle a simple convex lens will suffice, in practice a compound lens made up of a number of optical lens elements is required to correct (as much as possible) the many optical aberrations that arise. Some aberrations will be present in any lens system. It is the job of the lens designer to balance these and produce a des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Cradle Mountain Behind Dove Lake Painted
Cradle may refer to: * Cradle (bed) * Bassinet, a small bed, often on rockers, in which babies and small children sleep Mechanical devices * Cradle (circus act), or aerial cradle or casting cradle used in an aerial circus act * Cradling (paintings), an art restoration technique to stabilise a painting on panel * Docking station, also known as a cradle for the connection of a mobile device * Ship cradle, for supporting a ship when dry docked * Grain cradle, an addition to the agricultural scythe to keep the grain stems aligned when mowing * Newton's cradle, a device that demonstrates conservation of momentum and energy via a series of swinging spheres * Rocker box, also known as a cradle used in mining to separate gold from alluvium * Suspended cradle, a platform for accessing the exterior of buildings, used by among others window cleaners * Slip catching cradle. a device used by cricketers to practice taking catches A metaphor for humanity's origins * Cradle of Humankind, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Exploded View
An exploded-view drawing is a diagram, picture, schematic or technical drawing of an object, that shows the relationship or order of assembly of various parts. It shows the components of an object slightly separated by distance, or suspended in surrounding space in the case of a three-dimensional exploded diagram. An object is represented as if there had been a small controlled explosion emanating from the middle of the object, causing the object's parts to be separated an equal distance away from their original locations. The exploded-view drawing is used in parts catalogs, assembly and maintenance manuals and other instructional material. The projection of an exploded view is usually shown from above and slightly in diagonal from the left or right side of the drawing. (See exploded-view drawing of a gear pump to the right: it is slightly from above and shown from the left side of the drawing in diagonal.) Overview An exploded-view drawing is a type of drawing, that show ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Technical Communication
Technical communication is used to convey scientific, engineering, or other technical information. Individuals in a variety of contexts and with varied professional credentials engage in technical communication. Some individuals are designated as technical communicators or technical writers. These individuals use a set of methods to research, document, and present technical processes or products. Technical communicators may put the information they capture into paper documents, web pages, computer-based training, digitally stored text, audio, video, and other media. The Society for Technical Communication defines the field as any form of communication that focuses on technical or specialized topics, communicates specifically by using technology, or provides instructions on how to do something.What is Technical Communicati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Gooch Shading
Gooch shading is a non-photorealistic rendering technique for shading objects. It is also known as "cool to warm" shading, and is widely used in technical illustration. History Gooch shading was developed by Amy Gooch et al. at the University of Utah School of Computing and first presented at the 1998 SIGGRAPH conference. It has since been implemented in shader libraries, software, and games released by Autodesk, NVIDIA, and Valve. Process Gooch shading defines an additional two colors in conjunction with the original model color: a warm color (such as yellow) and a cool color (such as blue). The warm color indicates surfaces that are facing toward the light source while the cool color indicates surfaces facing away. This allows shading to occur only in mid-tones so that edge lines and highlights remain visually prominent. The Gooch shader is typically implemented in two passes: all objects in the scene are first drawn with the "cool to warm" shading, and in the second pass the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Rasterised
In computer graphics, rasterisation (British English) or rasterization (American English) is the task of taking an image described in a vector graphics format (shapes) and converting it into a raster image (a series of pixels, dots or lines, which, when displayed together, create the image which was represented via shapes). The rasterized image may then be displayed on a computer display, video display or printer, or stored in a bitmap file format. Rasterization may refer to the technique of drawing 3D models, or the conversion of 2D rendering primitives such as polygons, line segments into a rasterized format. Etymology The term "rasterisation" comes . 2D Images Line primitives Bresenham's line algorithm is an example of algorithm used to render a line. Circle primitives Algorithms such as Midpoint circle algorithm are used to render circle onto a pixelated canvas. 3D images Rasterization is one of the typical techniques of rendering 3D models. Compared with oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Shaders
In computer graphics, a shader is a computer program that calculates the appropriate levels of light, darkness, and color during the rendering of a 3D scene - a process known as ''shading''. Shaders have evolved to perform a variety of specialized functions in computer graphics special effects and video post-processing, as well as general-purpose computing on graphics processing units. Traditional shaders calculate rendering effects on graphics hardware with a high degree of flexibility. Most shaders are coded for (and run on) a graphics processing unit (GPU), though this is not a strict requirement. ''Shading languages'' are used to program the GPU's rendering pipeline, which has mostly superseded the fixed-function pipeline of the past that only allowed for common geometry transforming and pixel-shading functions; with shaders, customized effects can be used. The position and color (hue, saturation, brightness, and contrast) of all pixels, vertices, and/or textures use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Solid Geometry
In mathematics, solid geometry or stereometry is the traditional name for the geometry of three-dimensional, Euclidean spaces (i.e., 3D geometry). Stereometry deals with the measurements of volumes of various solid figures (or 3D figures), including pyramids, prisms and other polyhedrons; cylinders; cones; truncated cones; and balls bounded by spheres. History The Pythagoreans dealt with the regular solids, but the pyramid, prism, cone and cylinder were not studied until the Platonists. Eudoxus established their measurement, proving the pyramid and cone to have one-third the volume of a prism and cylinder on the same base and of the same height. He was probably also the discoverer of a proof that the volume enclosed by a sphere is proportional to the cube of its radius.Paraphrased and taken in part from the ''1911 Encyclopædia Britannica''. Topics Basic topics in solid geometry and stereometry include: * incidence of planes and lines * dihedral angle and solid angle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Polygonal Modeling
In 3D computer graphics, polygonal modeling is an approach for modeling objects by representing or approximating their surfaces using polygon meshes. Polygonal modeling is well suited to scanline rendering and is therefore the method of choice for real-time computer graphics. Alternate methods of representing 3D objects include NURBS surfaces, subdivision surfaces, and equation-based representations used in ray tracers. Geometric theory and polygons The basic object used in mesh modeling is a vertex, a point in three-dimensional space. Two vertices connected by a straight line become an edge. Three vertices, connected to each other by three edges, define a triangle, which is the simplest polygon in Euclidean space. More complex polygons can be created out of multiple triangles, or as a single object with more than 3 vertices. Four sided polygons (generally referred to as quads) and triangles are the most common shapes used in polygonal modeling. A group of polygons, conn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |