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Apostles Of Baháʼu'lláh
The Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh were nineteen prominent early followers of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. The apostles were designated as such by Shoghi Effendi, head of the religion in the earlier half of the 20th century, and the list was included in ''The Baháʼí World'', Vol. III (pp. 80–81). These individuals played a vital role in the development of the Baháʼí Faith, consolidating its adherents and bringing its teachings around the world. To Baháʼís, they filled a similar role as the sons of Jacob, the apostles of Jesus, Muhammad's companions, or the Báb's Letters of the Living. List of Apostles Many of the stories of the Apostles are well known to Baháʼís. The names of the apostles were: # Mírzá Músá - a.k.a. Kalím, the brother of Baháʼu'lláh #Badíʻ - a.k.a. Mirza Buzurg, the 17-year-old who delivered Baháʼu'lláh's tablet to Nassiru'd-Din Shah and was subsequently killed. # Siyyid Hasan - the 'King of Martyrs' of Isfa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼu'lláh
Baháʼu'lláh (born Ḥusayn-ʻAlí; 12 November 1817 – 29 May 1892) was the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was born to an aristocratic family in Persia, and was exiled due to his adherence to the messianic Bábí Faith. In 1863, in Iraq, he first announced his claim to a revelation from God, and spent the rest of his life in further imprisonment in the Ottoman Empire. His teachings revolved around the principles of unity and religious renewal, ranging from moral and spiritual progress to world governance. Baháʼu'lláh was raised with no formal education but was well read and devoutly religious. His family was considerably wealthy, and at the age of 22 he turned down a position in the government, instead managing family properties and donating considerable time and money to charities. At the age of 27 he accepted the claim of the Báb and became among the most outspoken supporters of the new religious movement that advocated, among other things, abrogation of Islami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Báb
The Báb (b. ʿAlí Muḥammad; 20 October 1819 – 9 July 1850), was the messianic founder of Bábism, and one of the central figures of the Baháʼí Faith. He was a merchant from Shiraz in Qajar Iran who, in 1844 at the age of 25, claimed to be a messenger of God. He took the title ''Báb'' (; ar, باب; meaning "Gate" or "Door"), a reference to the deputy of the Hidden Imam, while instigating a religious revolution that proposed the abrogation of Islamic laws and traditions, and the establishment of a new religion. Though he was popular among the lower classes, he faced opposition from the orthodox clergy and government, which eventually executed him and thousands of his followers, known as Bábís. The Báb composed numerous letters and books in which he introduced the ideas of a new social order and a promise that a new divine messenger was coming soon. He encouraged learning arts and sciences, gave prescriptions to regulate marriage, divorce, and inheritance, and set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adíb
Hájí Mírzá Ḥasan-i-Adíbu'l-ʻUlamá ( ar, ; September 1848–2 September 1919), known as Mírzá Ḥasan or Adíb, was an eminent follower of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was appointed a Hand of the Cause and identified as one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh. Background Mírzá Hasan was born in Talaqán in September 1848. His father was an eminent Islamic cleric and Mírzá Hasan went through the usual religious education in Tihrán and Mashhad. He became the Friday prayer leader at the Daru'l-Funun, Iran's first technical college set up by the Shah, where he received his title of Adíbu'l-'Ulamá (littérateur of the 'Ulamá) In 1874 he was employed by the Qajar princes, writing a large number of encyclopedic books on their behalf. Conversion Mírzá Hasan's acceptance of Baháʼu'lláh was the result of several Baháʼí friends, including Nabíl-i-Akbar, who prompted him to investigate the teachings. Upon converting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼí Symbols
There are several symbols used to express identification with the Baháʼí Faith: the nine-pointed star, a calligraphy known as the "Greatest Name", the Ringstone Symbol, or a five-pointed star. Nine-pointed star According to the Abjad system of isopsephy, the word Baháʼ has a numerical equivalence of 9, and thus there is frequent use of the number 9 in Baháʼí symbols. The most commonly used symbol connected to the number 9 is the '' nine-pointed star'', ; there is no particular design of the nine-pointed star that is used more often than others. While the star is not a part of the teachings of the Baháʼí Faith, it is commonly used as an emblem representing "9", because of the association of number 9 with perfection, unity and Baháʼ. The number 9 also comes up several times in Baháʼí history and teachings. On the significance of the number 9, Shoghi Effendi wrote: "Concerning the number nine: the Baháʼís reverence this for two reasons, first because it is cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mishkín-Qalam
Mírzá Ḥusayn-i-Isfahání (surnamed Mis͟hkín-Qalam () meaning "jet-black pen"; 18261912) was a prominent Baháʼí and one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh, as well as a famous calligrapher of 19th-century Persia. He is the author of a calligraphic rendering of the Greatest Name, used by Baháʼís around the world. Background Mishkín-Qalam was born in Shíráz but was a resident of Isfahán, which is where he first heard of the Baháʼí Faith. A few years later he travelled to Baghdad and learned in more detail from Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín and Nabíl-i-Aʻzam, but was not confirmed until he later travelled to Adrianople and met Baháʼu'lláh. Before becoming a Baháʼí, he was a Súfí of the Ni'matu'lláhí order. Imprisonment Mishkín-Qalam was sent by Baháʼu'lláh to Constantinople (Istanbul), where he began attracting people through his art and vigorously teaching the Baháʼí Faith. The Persian ambassador began to complain to the Sultan's va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Mustafá Baghdádí
Mírzá Muḥammad Muṣṭafá al-Baghdádí (1837/8—1910) was a prominent Iraqi adherent of the Baháʼí faith and one of 19 Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh. Mustafá was among the leading Baháʼís in Iraq until he moved to Beirut in the late 1870s, where he coordinated pilgrims going to see Baháʼu'lláh in ʻAkká, and later he was involved with the movement of the Báb's remains to ʻAkká. As a child, his family hosted Táhirih in Baghdad and later accompanied her on a trip to Iran, where they met Mullá Husayn. Background and family Mustafá was the son of Shaykh Muhammad Shibl (a.k.a. Shaikh Mohammad Šebl) Baghdadi, a high-ranking ulama of the city. Mustafa's father, grandfather (Sayyed Darvish), great-grandfather (Sayyed Shebl), and great-great-grandfather (Sayyed Sharif Kazemi) were all theologians in Kufa, then his father moved to Baghdad in 1827-28, a decade before Mustafá was born, taking the role of teaching theosophy for Siyyid Kázim. Mustafá's fath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adib Taherzadeh
Adib Taherzadeh (29 April 1921 in Yazd, Iran – January 26, 2000) was a Baháʼí author who also served as a member of the Universal House of Justice, the supreme governing body of the Baháʼís, between 1988 and 2000. Biography Taherzadeh was born into an Iranian family that had a strong association with the Baháʼí Faith since its inception, in Yazd, Iran. Taherzadeh served on the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the British Isles from 1960 to 1971. He was elected to the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the Republic of Ireland when it was formed in 1972 and was appointed in 1976 to the European Continental Board of Counsellors, a senior advisory body. He was elected to the Universal House of Justice in 1988. Taherzadeh wrote several books on the Baháʼí history and teachings, which included a four volume study of the life and writings of Baháʼu'lláh Baháʼu'lláh (born Ḥusayn-ʻAlí; 12 November 1817 – 29 May 1892) was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Summons Of The Lord Of Hosts
The ''Summons of the Lord of Hosts'' is a collection of the tablets of Baháʼu'lláh, founder of the Baháʼí Faith, that were written to the kings and rulers of the world during his exile in Adrianople and in the early years of his exile to the fortress town of Acre (now in Israel) in 1868. Baháʼu'lláh claimed to be the Promised One of all religions and all ages and summoned the leaders of East and West to recognize him as the promised one. ''The Summons of the Lord of Hosts'' is the printing of five distinct tablets of this material. Súriy-i-Haykal (Tablet of the Temple) :''See online texhere' The Súriy-i-Haykal ( fa, سورةى هيكل) or Tablet of the Temple, is a composite work which consists of a tablet followed by five messages addressed to Pope Pius IX, Napoleon III, Tsar Alexander II of Russia, Queen Victoria, and Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. The messages were written while Baháʼu'lláh was in Adrianople, and shortly after its completion, Baháʼu'lláh instru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kázim-i-Samandar
S͟hayk͟h Káẓim-i-Samandar ( fa, کاظم سمندر; died 1918), known as Samandar, was an eminent follower of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was born to a prominent Baháʼí family of Qazvin of Bábí and Shaykhi background. Favored by Baháʼu'lláh, he was identified as one of his nineteen Apostles. Early life Samandar was born Muhammad Kázim Qazvíní in February 1844 in Qazvin, the eldest surviving son of Shaykh Muhammad Qazvíní. Shaykh Muhammad was an early Bábí and later accepted the Baháʼí Faith. His father was bastioned in Qazvín and attained the presence of the Báb who was then imprisoned in Máh-Kú. Later Shaykh Muhammad was entitled ''Nabil'' by Baháʼu'lláh. He was named after Siyyid Kázim whom his family had close connections with. His mother was a disciple of Táhirih. Samandar was of a wealthy mercantile family, and Shaykh Muhammad Qazvini had made a success of the business. From an early age he was a devout Bah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Dawn-breakers (book)
''The Dawn-Breakers: Nabíl's Narrative of the Early Days of the Baháʼí Revelation'' (''Maṭāle al-anwār'') or ''Nabíl's Narrative'' (''Táríkh-i-Nabíl'') is an account of the early Bábí and Baháʼí Faiths written in Persian by Nabíl-i-Aʻzam in 1887–88. The English translation by Shoghi Effendi was published in 1932. The book relies mainly on the memoirs of surviving early Bábís, and Nabíl himself was a participant in many of the scenes which he recounts. Many of the photographs of the Baháʼí historical sites in Iran that illustrate the book were made by Effie Baker. She was requested to do so by Shoghi Effendi in the early 1930s, and travelled to Iran alone by car from Haifa, Mandate Palestine, wearing a chador for safety purposes. Shoghi Effendi's intention for publishing the English translation was to inspire greater dedication and self-sacrifice in its readers. He gave importance to the study of ''The Dawn-Breakers'' and describes the Baháʼís as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nabíl-i-Aʻzam
Mullá Muḥammad-i-Zarandí (29 July 1831 – 1892), more commonly known as Nabíl-i-Aẓam ( fa, نبيل أعظم "the Great Nabíl") or Nabíl-i-Zarandí ( fa, نبيل زرندي "Nabíl of Zarand"), was an eminent Baháʼí historian during the time of Baháʼu'lláh, and one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh. He is most famous for authoring ''The Dawn-Breakers'', which stands out as one of the most important and extensive accounts of the ministry of the Báb. He learned about the Bábí Faith at the age of sixteen and met Baháʼu'lláh in 1851. He made several journeys on behalf of Baháʼu'lláh, was imprisoned in Egypt and is the only person known to have made the two pilgrimages to the House of the Báb in Shíráz and the House of Baháʼu'lláh in Baghdad in accordance with the rites set out by Baháʼu'lláh. After the passing of Baháʼu'lláh, and at the request of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, he arranged a Tablet of Visitation from Baháʼu'lláh's writings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn-i-Abhar
Ḥájí Mírzá Muḥammad-Taqí (died 1917), known as Ibn-i-Abhar ( ar, ), was an eminent follower of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was appointed a Hand of the Cause and identified as one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh. Background Ibn-i-Abhar was born in the village of Abhar. His father came from a family of the leading Islamic clergy of the village, and became a Bábí after reading some of the writings of the Báb. Due to the persecution which followed, the family moved to Qazvin, and in 1868 became followers of Baháʼu'lláh, who claimed to be the messianic figure of which the Báb had foretold. Travels In 1874, his father was poisoned. He began travelling to different parts of Iran, where he taught many in the Bábí community who accepted Baháʼu'lláh. His teaching, however, led to a fourteen-month imprisonment. After his release, he continued travelling throughout Iran, and in 1886 made a trip to ʻAkká. That same year he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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