|
Abbasid Dynasty
The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids () were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided into three main periods: Early Abbasid era (750–861), Middle Abbasid era (861–936) and Later Abbasid era (936–1258). A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate (1261–1517) until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire. Ancestry The Abbasids descended from Abbas, one of Muhammad's companions (as well as his uncle) and one of the early Qur'an scholars. Therefore, their roots trace back to Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf and also Adnan in the following line: Al-‘Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusai ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ay ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik ibn An-Nadr ibn Kinanah ibn Khuzaima ibn Mudrikah ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'add ibn Ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. After overthrowing the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH), they ruled as caliphs based in modern-day Iraq, with Baghdad being their capital for most of their history. The Abbasid Revolution had its origins and first successes in the easterly region of Khurasan, far from the Levantine center of Umayyad influence. The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad as the new capital. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, arts, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. By housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hashim Ibn 'Abd Manaf
Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf (; ), born ʿAmr al-ʿUlā (), was the great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the progenitor of the ruling Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca. At some point in his life before his father's death, ʿAmr chose for himself the name ''Hāshim'', as it was the name God used for Abraham (ʿAmr was a Hanif, follower of the "religion of Abraham"). The narrations from Islamic hagiographists to explain this name change are varied: A narration suggests that ʿAmr was called Hashim because Hashim translates as ''pulverizer'' in Arabic. As a generous man, he initiated the practice of providing crumbled bread in broth that was later adapted for the pilgrims to the Ka'aba in Mecca. Another narration claims the name derives from the Arabic root ''Hashm'', ''to save the starving'', because he arranged for the feeding of the people of Mecca during a seasonal famine, and he thus came to be known as "the man who fed the starved" (). Birth legend Isl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Prophet
Prophets in Islam () are individuals in Islam who are believed to spread God's message on Earth and serve as models of ideal human behaviour. Some prophets are categorized as messengers (; sing. , ), those who transmit divine revelation, most of them through the interaction of an angel. Muslims believe that many prophets existed, including many not mentioned in the Quran. The Quran states: "And for every community there is a messenger." Belief in the Islamic prophets is one of the six articles of the Islamic faith. Muslims believe that the first prophet was also the first human being Adam, created by God. Many of the revelations delivered by the 48 prophets in Judaism and many prophets of Christianity are mentioned as such in the Quran with the Arabic versions of their names; for example, the Jewish Elisha is called Alyasa', Job is Ayyub, Jesus is 'Isa, etc. The Torah given to Moses ( Musa) is called ''Tawrat'', the Psalms given to David ( Dawud) is the ''Zabur'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caliphate
A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with Khalifa, the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim world (''ummah''). Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), and the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1517). In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517 until the Ottoman caliphate was Abolition of the Caliphate, formally abolished as part of the Atatürk's reforms, 1924 secularisation of Turkey. An attempt to preserve the title was tried, with the Sharifian Caliphate, but this caliphate fell quickly after its conquest by the Sultanate o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ma'add
Maʿadd ibn ʿAdnān (Arabic: مَعَدّ ٱبْن عَدْنَان) was a mythic Arabs, Arab ancestor, traditionally regarded as the son of Adnan and the forefather of several northern Arab tribes, including Mudar and Adnanites, Rabi'ah. He is considered a key figure in Adnanite genealogy, linking the northern Arabs to Ismael in Islam, Ishmael ibn Abraham in Islam, Ibrahim (Ishmael, son of Abraham) through Adnan. While Maʿadd eventually became an individual ancestor in Islamic genealogies, the term is first known from pre-Islamic Arabia, pre-Islamic inscriptions where it refers to a group of nomadic and semi-nomadic groups occupying central Arabia, beyond the territorial domain of the major powers of its day: north of the direct territorial control of the Himyar, Himyarite Kingdom, and south of that of the Lakhmid kingdom, Lakhmids. Ma'addites retained independence and protected their northern and southern frontiers because they lived in remote areas and had militarized societ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mudrikah Ibn Ilyas
Mudrikah ibn Ilyas (), was a tribal leader in the era of pre-Islamic Arabia. Mudrikah is the father of Hudhayl, who would be the progenitor of the Banu Hudhayl tribe. He is also one of the ancestors of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Genealogy According to Ibn Ishaq, the full ancestral lineage of Mudrikah is ''Mudrikah, son of Ilyas, son of Mudar, son of Nizar, son of Ma'ad, son of Adnan'' and several generations leading back to Ishmael and Abraham. Family Mudrikah, real name Amir, is the son of Ilyas ibn Mudar; with Ilyas being a fourth-generation descendant of the South Arabian patriach Adnan. He had two brothers named Tabikha and Qam'ah, whose real names were 'Amr and 'Umayr respectively. Mudrikah married an Arab woman named Salmah whose origins are disputed; some have claimed her from the tribe of the Quda'a while others claimed she was from Rabi'a ibn Nizar. From Salmah, he had two sons named Hudhayl and Khuzaymah. Hudhayl was the ancestor of the Banu Hudhay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-nadr
In Islamic tradition, Al-Nadr () was the ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He precedes Muhammad by 13 generations. Ancestry The tradition (the version of Ibn Ishaq) holds that "Muhammad was the son of 'Abdullah, b. 'Abdu'I-Muttalib (whose name was Shayba), b. Hashim (whose name was 'Amr), b. 'Abd Manaf (whose name was al-Mughira), b. Qusay (whose name was Zayd), b. Kilab, b. Murra, b. Ka'b, b. Lu'ay, b. Ghalib, b. Fihr, b. Malik, b. aI-Nadr, b. Kinana, b. Khuzayma, b. Mudrika (whose name was 'Amir), b. Ilyas, b. Mudar, b. Nizar, b. Ma'add, b. Adnan, b. Udd (or Udad),.... b. Ya'rub, b. Yashjub, b. Nabit, b. Isma'il b. Ibrahim, al-Khalil of the Compassionate." Family His father Kinanah had four sons: al-Nadr, Malik, 'Abdu Manat, and Milkan. Nadr's mother was Barra d. Murr b. Udd b. Tabikha b. al-Yas b. Mudar; the other sons were by another woman. Quraysh It is also said that Quraysh tribe The Quraysh () are an Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fihr Ibn Malik
'Fihr ibn Malik' (, ), is counted among the direct ancestors of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who is considered to be the last prophet. In the lineage of Muhammad from Adnan, he precedes Muhammad by eleven generations. Etymology Some writers stated that his name was also "Qarish" (''hard'', diminutive is "Quraysh"), which fits him being the progenitor of the Quraysh tribe. However most genealogists reject this version. Role in pre-Islamic Arabia Fihr ibn Malik traded with other Arabic tribes and also was in charge for the needs of Arabic pilgrims going on Hajj which is a pilgramige in Islam. Fight against the Himyarites Fihr ibn Malik defended the city of Mecca from the Himyarite Kingdom; the latter intended to take away the stones of the Kaaba and transport them to Yemen so the Hajj would be transported there instead. Fihr led a joint force of Quraysh and warriors from the Arabian tribes of Mudar, Banu Kinana, Banu Asad, Banu Hudhayl and Banu Tamim which repelled th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lu'ay Ibn Ghalib
Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib () was an ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is the son of Ghalib ibn Fihr who lived in Yathrib. History The tradition states that Muhammad was the son of 'Abdullah, b. 'Abdu'I-Muttalib (whose name was Shayba), b. Hashim (whose name was 'Amr), b. Abd Manaf (whose name was al-Mughira), b. Qusay (whose name was Zayd), b. Kilab, b. Murrah, b. Ka'b, b. ''Lu'ayy'', b. Ghalib, b. Fihr, b. Malik, b. al-Nadr, b. Kinana, b. Khuzayma, b. Mudrika (whose name was 'Amir), b. Ilyas, b. Mudar, b. Nizar, b. Ma'ad, b. Adnan, b. Udd (or Udad), b. Ya'rub, b. Yashjub, b. Noordeen Ali Qedar, b. Isma'il, b. Ibrahim, the friend of the Compassionate. Ibn Ishaq's account In Ibn Ishaq's ''Biography of the Prophet Muhammad'' (as translated by Alfred Guillaume) he reports these stories: "A soothsayer Shafi' b. Kulayb al-Sadafi had come to Yemen King Tubba' This is a list of rulers of Saba' and Himyar, ancient Arab kingdoms which are now part of present-da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilab Ibn Murrah
Kilab ibn Murrah () (born CE) was an ancestor of the Prophets of Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad. Specifically, he was his great-great-great-great-grandfather. Biography Kilab was the son of Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik by his first wife Hind bint Surayr ibn Tha'labah ibn Harith ibn Fihr ibn Malik. Both his parents traced their lineage back to Fihr, the progenitor of the Quraysh (tribe), Quraysh, and further to Ishmael in Islam, Ismail (Ishmael), son of Islamic view of Abraham, Ibrahim (Abraham). He had two half-brothers, Taym ibn Murrah and Yaqazah ibn Murrah, through his father's second wife, Asma bint Adiy (Hind bint Harithah al-Bariqiyyah) of Asad. He was married to Fatimah bint Sa'd, Fatimah bint Sa'd ibn Sayl, who bore him two sons. His elder son, Zuhrah ibn Kilab, was the progenitor of the Banu Zuhrah clan, and his younger son, Qusai ibn Kilab, became the first Quraysh (tribe), Quraysh custodian of the Kaaba, Ka'aba. After his death, his wife ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Manaf Ibn Qusai
Abd Manaf al-Mughirah ibn Qusai (, ''ʿAbd Manāf al-Mughīrah ibn Quṣayy'') was a Quraysh (tribe), Qurayshi and great-great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His father was Qusai ibn Kilab, Quṣai ibn Kilāb. Abd Manaf's name, meaning ''worshiper of Manaf'', relates to the pre-Islamic deity Manaf (deity), Manaf. Biography Abd Manaf was already honoured in his father's lifetime however Qusai preferred his first-born Abd-al-Dar ibn Qusai, 'Abd ad-Dar and invested him with all his rights, powers, and transferred the ownership of the House of Assembly shortly before his death. Father's death After Quṣayy's death, Abd Manaf contested this inheritance. He was supported by their nephew Asad, their uncle Zuhrah ibn Kilab, their father's uncle Taym ibn Murrah (of Banu Taym), and al-Harith ibn Fihr, while 'Abd ad-Dar was supported by their cousins Makhzum, Sahm, Jumah, their uncle Adi and their families. The effects of this conflict continued among their descendants, es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hashim
Hashim () is a common male Arabic given name. Notable people with the name include: *Hashim ibn Abd Manaf * Hashim Amir Ali * Hashim Shah * Hashim Amla * Hashim Thaçi * Hashim Khan * Hashim Qureshi * Mir Hashim Ali Khan *Hashim al-Atassi * Hashim ibn Utbah * Prince Hashim bin Hussein * Prince Hashim bin Abdullah People using it in their patronymic include: *Asad ibn Hashim *Sulaiman bin Hashim Stage names: *Hashim, stage name of American musician Jerry Calliste Jr. Names in which Hashim is a compound: * Abul Hashem, multiple people See also *Banu Hashim Banu Hashim () is an Arab clan within the Quraysh tribe to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged, named after Muhammad's great-grandfather Hashim ibn Abd Manaf. Members of this clan, and especially their descendants, are also referred ..., clan named after Hashim ibn Abd Manaf * Hashem * Hasham {{Given name Arabic-language masculine given names Masculine given names Bosniak masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
