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Aryeh Leib Ben Saul
Aryeh Leib ben Saul Löwenstam ( – 2 April 1755) was a Jews of Poland, Polish rabbi. Life Aryeh Leib was born in in Kraków. He came of a famous family of rabbis. His father Saul had been a rabbi of Kraków from 1700 to 1704; his grandfather was Rabbi Hoeschl of Kraków. In 1707 in Berlin, he married Miriam, the oldest daughter of Tzvi Ashkenazi, then rabbi in Altona, Hamburg, Altona, and continued his studies under his father-in-law, with whom he went to Amsterdam and Poland. His first known rabbinical position was in Dubno. He was elected rabbi of Dukla in 1717. Through the influence of his relatives he then obtained the rabbinical position in Tarnopol in 1718 or 1720, the former incumbent having been ousted by the officials of the government to open a space for him. This interference on the part of the civic authorities naturally aroused great opposition to him in the congregation, and Aryeh Leib was deposed in 1724. Subsequently he was elected rabbi of Rzeszów from 1724 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jews Of Poland
The history of the Jews in Poland dates back at least 1,000 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Jews, Jewish community in the world. Poland was a principal center of Jewish culture, because of the long period of statutory toleration, religious tolerance and Qahal, social autonomy which ended after the Partitions of Poland in the 18th century. During World War II there was a nearly complete genocide, genocidal destruction of the Polish Jewish community by Nazi Germany and its collaborators of various nationalities, during the German occupation of Poland between 1939 and 1945, called the Holocaust. Since the fall of communism in Poland, there has been a renewed interest in Jewish culture, featuring an annual Jewish Culture Festival, new study programs at Polish secondary schools and universities, and the opening of Warsaw's Museum of the History of Polish Jews. From the founding of the Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385), Kingdom of Poland in 10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prague
Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its Prague metropolitan area, metropolitan area is home to approximately 2.3 million people. Prague is a historical city with Romanesque architecture, Romanesque, Czech Gothic architecture, Gothic, Czech Renaissance architecture, Renaissance and Czech Baroque architecture, Baroque architecture. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia and residence of several Holy Roman Emperors, most notably Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV (r. 1346–1378) and Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolf II (r. 1575–1611). It was an important city to the Habsburg monarchy and Austria-Hungary. The city played major roles in the Bohemian Reformation, Bohemian and the Protestant Reformations, the Thirty Years' War and in 20th-century history a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1755 Deaths
Events January–March * January 23 (O. S. January 12, Tatiana Day, nowadays celebrated on January 25) – Moscow University is established. * February 13 – Treaty of Giyanti: The kingdom of Mataram on Java is divided in two, creating the sultanate of Yogyakarta and the sunanate of Surakarta. * March 12 – A steam engine is used in the American colonies for the first time as New Jersey copper mine owner Arent Schuyler installs a Newcomen atmospheric engine to pump water out of a mineshaft. * March 22 – Britain's House of Commons votes in favor of £1,000,000 of appropriations to expand the British Army and Royal Navy operations in North America. * March 26 – General Edward Braddock and 1,600 British sailors and soldiers arrive at Alexandria, Virginia on transport ships that have sailed up the Potomac River. Braddock, sent to take command of the British forces against the French in North America, commandeers taverns and private homes to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1690s Births
Year 169 ( CLXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Senecio and Apollinaris (or, less frequently, year 922 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 169 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Marcomannic Wars: Germanic tribes invade the frontiers of the Roman Empire, specifically the provinces of Raetia and Moesia. * Northern African Moors invade what is now Spain. * Marcus Aurelius becomes sole Roman Emperor upon the death of Lucius Verus. * Marcus Aurelius forces his daughter Lucilla into marriage with Claudius Pompeianus. * Galen moves back to Rome for good. China * Confucian scholars who had denounced the court eunuchs are arrested, killed or banished from the capital of Luoyang and official life during the second episode of the Disaster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Gottheil
Richard James Horatio Gottheil (13 October 1862 – 22 May 1936) was an English American Semitic scholar, Zionist, founding father of Zeta Beta Tau fraternity, and one of the founders of the Jewish Institute of Religion in New York. Biography He was born in Manchester, England, but moved to the United States at age 11 when his father, Gustav Gottheil, accepted a position as the assistant Rabbi of the largest Reform synagogue in New York, Temple Emanu-El. He graduated from Columbia College in 1881, and studied also in Europe, earning his doctorate at the University of Leipzig in 1886. Gottheil was a professor of Semitic languages at Columbia University from 1886 until his death. He was also director of the Oriental Department of the New York Public Library from 1896 until his death."Gottheil, Richard James Horatio." ''Encyclopaedia Judaica'', edited by Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik, 2nd ed., vol. 8, Macmillan Reference USA, 2007, pp. 9-10. From 1898 to 1904 he was pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gotthard Deutsch
Gotthard Deutsch (; 31 January 1859 – 14 October 1921) was a scholar of Jewish history. Education Deutsch was born in Dolní Kounice, Moravia, Austria, as Eliezer Deutsch, the son of Bernhard L. Deutsch, a merchant, and Elise Wiener. He always called himself Gotthard, an attempted translation into German of his Jewish given name. Deutsch entered Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau in October 1876. While attending seminary classes, he also enrolled in afternoon classes at the University of Breslau. At the seminary, he was influenced by the noted Jewish historian Heinrich Graetz. Matriculating in 1879 at the University of Vienna, two years later he received his Ph.D. in history. While attending the university, he enrolled in a Talmudic course taught by Isaac Hirsch Weiss at Beth Hammidrash. During his studies in Vienna, Deutsch drew inspiration and guidance from both Weiss and Adolf Jellinek, an authority in Midrashic research. Shortly after his graduation, Deutsch r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yitzhak HaLevi Ben Mordechai Raitzes
Yitzhak HaLevi ben Mordechai Raitzes ( 1730 – 14 June 1799) was a Polish rabbi. Biographical information Yitzhak HaLevi was born circa 1730 in Lviv to Mordechai Halevi Raitzes the ''Rosh Mesivta'' in Lviv, who was the son of Yehoshua (Joshua) Raitzes (Reizes) who was martyred in Lviv on 13 May 1728. He married Sara Leah Lowenstamm, the daughter of Aryeh Leib ben Saul, the Rabbi of Amsterdam, and the granddaughter of Tzvi Ashkenazi, the Chacham Tzvi. Halevi's first rabbinical position was '' Av Bais Din'' of Leshnev a small town, currently in Lviv Oblast in Ukraine. From 1769 to 1778 he was the ''Av Bais Din'' of Chełm. In 1778 (or 1776) he became the Rabbi of Kraków, a position that he held until his death on 14 June 1799. Descendants One of his sons Mordechai Halevi was the Rabbi of Tykocin, while his other son Tzvi Hersch David Levin held the post as the Rabbi of Szczebrzeszyn before moving to Kraków to help his father in the rabbinate of Kraków. From 1799 to 1816 h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, Crown colony, colonies, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, mandates, and other Dependent territory, territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the English overseas possessions, overseas possessions and trading posts established by Kingdom of England, England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, and colonisation attempts by Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland during the 17th century. At its height in the 19th and early 20th centuries, it became the List of largest empires, largest empire in history and, for a century, was the foremost global power. By 1913, the British Empire held sway over 412 million people, of the world population at the time, and by 1920, it covered , of the Earth's total land area. As a result, Westminster system, its constitutional, Common law, legal, English language, linguistic, and Culture of the United Kingdom, cultural legacy is widespread. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solomon Herschell
Solomon Hirschell (12 February 1762 – 31 October 1842) was a British rabbi who served as the chief rabbi of the United Kingdom from 1802 to 1842. He is best known for his unsuccessful attempt to stop the spread of Reform Judaism in Britain by excommunicating its leaders. Hirschell's father was a Polish Jew from Galicia, Hirschel Levin, Chief Rabbi of London and Berlin and a friend of Moses Mendelssohn. His older brother was the Talmudist Saul Berlin. He died on 31 October 1842 (27th of Cheshvan 5603), and was buried in the Brady Street Cemetery near Whitechapel Whitechapel () is an area in London, England, and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is in east London and part of the East End of London, East End. It is the location of Tower Hamlets Town Hall and therefore the borough tow ... in East End of London. References External links [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hart Lyon
Rabbi Hirschel Ben Arye Löb Levin (also known as Hart Lyon and Hirshel Löbel; 1721 – 26 August 1800) was Chief Rabbi of Great Britain and of Berlin, and Rabbi of Halberstadt and Mannheim, known as a scholarly Talmudist. Life He was born in Rzeszów, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to Aryeh Löb and Miriam Lowenstam. His father was rabbi at Amsterdam and his mother was daughter of Rabbi Chacham Zvi Ashkenazi. He was a descendant of Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm. His glosses on the Talmud appear in the Vilna edition under the name of Rabbi Tsvi Hersh Berlin. His son, Rabbi Solomon Hirschell was also Chief Rabbi of the British German and Polish Jewish community, and the first of the British empire. His other son, Saul Berlin Saul Berlin (also Saul Hirschel after his father; 1740 at Glogau – November 16, 1794 in London) was a German people, German Jewish scholar who published a number of works in opposition to rabbinic Judaism. Early life He received his general .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saul Lowenstam
Saul Lowenstam (1717 – 19 June 1790) was a renowned Dutch rabbi and talmudist.He was Chief Rabbi of Amsterdam from 1755-1790. Saul Lowenstam was born in 1717 in Rzeszów to his parents Aryeh Leib ben Saul (who was the rabbi in Rzeszów at the time) and Miriam the daughter of the Chacham Tzvi. He married Hendele, the daughter of Abraham Kahana, who was rabbi of Grodno, Ukraine. His first rabbinical position was in Lokachi, Ukraine (located in the Lokachi Raion and named Lakacz in Yiddish), followed by Dubno, where he succeeded his father-in-law. After the death of his father in 1755, Lowenstam succeeded him as the Chief Rabbi of Amsterdam, Netherlands. Lowenstam died in Amsterdam on 19 June 1790. He was succeeded as Chief Rabbi by his son, Jacob Moses Lowenstam. Works Lowenstam was the author of the ''Binyan Ariel'' published in Amsterdam 1778. He also authored a Torah Commentary ''HeChatzer HaChadasha'' published in Amsterdam in 1768. A pamphlet titled ''Halacha Lema'aseh R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonathan Eybeschütz
Jonathan Eybeschutz or Eybeshitz (; 1690–1764) was a Talmudist, halakhist, and kabbalist holding positions first as Dayan of Prague and later as rabbi of the "Three Communities": Altona, Hamburg, and Wandsbek. He is well known for his conflict with Jacob Emden in the Emden–Eybeschutz Controversy. Biography Eybeschutz's father Nosson Nota was the rabbi in Ivančice (, Yiddish ''Eybeshits'') in Habsburg Moravia. Born in Kraków, Eybeschutz was a illui (Talmudic prodigy child); on his father's death, he studied in the yeshiva of Meir Eisenstadt in Prossnitz (now Prostějov), and then later in Holleschau (now Holešov in the Zlín Region). He also lived in Vienna for a short time. He married Elkele Spira, daughter of Isaac Spira-Fraenkel, and they lived in Hamburg for two years with Mordecai ha-Kohen, Elkele's maternal grandfather. At eighteen, Eybeschutz was appointed rabbi of Bolesławiec, where he stayed for three years. Afterward, he settled in Prague in 1711 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
