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Adathan And Yadathan
In Mandaeism, Adathan () and Yadathan () are a pair of uthras (angel or guardian) who stand at the Gate of Life in the World of Light (''Right Ginza'' 15.8), praising and worshipping Hayyi Rabbi (''Qulasta'' prayer 77). In the ''Ginza Rabba'' and ''Qulasta'', they are always mentioned together. Book 14 of the ''Right Ginza'' mentions Adathan and Yadathan as the guardians of the "first river" (). Along with Shilmai and Nidbai, Adathan and Yadathan are among the most frequently invoked uthras in Mandaean prayers, such as in the ''Asut Malkia''.Drower, Ethel Stefana. 1937. ''The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran''. Oxford At The Clarendon Press. See also *Shilmai and Nidbai * Xroshtag and Padvaxtag in Manichaeism *Shuqamuna and Shumaliya *List of angels in theology This is a list of angels in religion, theology, astrology and magic, including both specific angels (e.g., Gabriel) and types of angels (e.g., seraphim A seraph ( ; pl.: ) is a Angelic being, celestial or heavenly b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yasana
In Mandaeism, Yasana () is a heavenly gate in the World of Light. The term is mentioned in Chapter 12 of the ''Right Ginza The Right Ginza () is one of the two parts of the Ginza Rabba, the longest and the most important holy scripture of Mandaeism. The other part of the Ginza Rabba is the Left Ginza. Summaries of each book (or tractate), based mostly on Häberl ( ...'', which describes it as "the great gate of Yasana, the place where a throne has been erected for the builder of the heaven and the earth" (). See also * Tarwan References Mandaean cosmology Conceptions of heaven Afterlife places {{cosmology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shilmai
In Mandaeism, Shilmai (Šilmai; ) or Shalmai (Šalmai) is an uthra (angel or guardian) who serves as one of the two guardian spirits of Piriawis, the heavenly ''yardna'' (river) in the World of Light. In the ''Ginza Rabba'' and ''Qulasta'', he is usually mentioned together with Nidbai. Nhar and Kbar and mentioned as the "clouds" (Mandaic: ''anana'') of Shilmai and Nidbai in Chapter 17.1 of the ''Right Ginza''. In the ''Ginza Rabba'' In Chapter 1.1 of the '' Left Ginza'', Shilmai plays the role of Abatur as a matarta guardian during Shitil's ascent to the World of Light. ''Left Ginza'' 1.1 describes Shilmai as such: In Chapter 5.5 (Book 7 in the Drabsha edition) of the ''Right Ginza'', ''The Book of Šilmai, Lord of the House'', is named after Šilmai. In the same chapter and also in Book 6 of the ''Right Ginza'', the uthra Yathrun is mentioned as the father of Shilmai. In this part of the ''Ginza Rabba'', Shilmai is portrayed very differently from all other Mandaean texts. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pairs Of Angels
Concentration is a round game in which all of the cards are laid face down on a surface and two cards are flipped face up over each turn. The object of the game is to turn over pairs of matching cards. Concentration can be played with any number of players or as a solitaire or patience game. It is a particularly good game for young children, though adults may find it challenging and stimulating as well. The scheme is often used in quiz shows (in fact, several game shows have used its name in their titles) and can be employed as an educational game. Names Concentration is also known by a variety of other names including Memory, Matching Pairs, Match Match, Match Up, Pelmanism, Pexeso or simply Pairs. Rules Any deck of playing cards may be used, although there are also commercial sets of cards with images. The rules given here are for a standard deck of 52 cards, which are normally laid face down in four rows of 13 cards each. The two jokers may be included for a total of si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Angels In Theology
This is a list of angels in religion, theology, astrology and magic, including both specific angels (e.g., Gabriel) and types of angels (e.g., seraphim A seraph ( ; pl.: ) is a Angelic being, celestial or heavenly being originating in Ancient Judaism. The term plays a role in subsequent Judaism, Islam and Christianity. Tradition places seraphim in the highest rank in Christian angelology and ...). List Groups Individual angels See also Notes References {{Angels in Abrahamic religions * Angels ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shuqamuna And Shumaliya
Šuqamuna (d''šu-qa-mu-na'') and Šumaliya (d''šu-ma-li-ia'') were a pair of deities introduced to Mesopotamia during the Kassite dynasty of Babylonia. They had a close association with the royal family; the pair of gods are referred to as 'the gods of the king' (''ilu (šá) šarri''), with Šuqamuna being the 'king's god' (''il šarri'') and Šumaliya his patron goddess (''lamassi šarri''). Šuqamuna and Šumaliya are the only two Kassite gods known to be referenced outside of theophoric personal names and some poorly preserved glossaries, and they are the only ones to consistently receive a divine determinative. During the Kassite Period While no archaeological or historical evidence exists for the construction of any temples to Kassite gods in Babylonia, or of their integration into mainstream Babylonian religion, Šuqamuna and Šumaliya appear in several historical texts, inscriptions, and theophoric names, mostly from the middle Kassite period. They were represented ico ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manichaeism
Manichaeism (; in ; ) is an endangered former major world religion currently only practiced in China around Cao'an,R. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''. SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 founded in the 3rd century CE by the Parthian prophet Mani (216–274 CE), in the Sasanian Empire. Manichaeism teaches an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the struggle between a good, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Through an ongoing process that takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, whence it came. Mani's teaching was intended to "combine", succeed, and surpass the teachings of Platonism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Marcionism, Hellenistic and Rabbinic Judaism, Gnostic movements, Ancient Greek religion, Babylonian and other Mesopotamian religions, and mystery cults.Arendzen, John (1 October 1910).Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xroshtag And Padvaxtag
Xrôshtag and Padvâxtag (''Xrōštag and Padvāxtag'') are a pair of Manichaean divinities, always depicted together, who serve as the personifications of the words "call" and "answer".Burkitt, F. C. 1935. Xrôshtag and Padvâxtag, Call and Answer. ''JTS'' 36:180–181. The call is uttered from above by the "living spirit", and is answered from below by the man who wishes to be saved. Theology In Manichaean cosmology, The "Call" issued by Xrōštag represents the salvific initiative of the Living Spirit—a divine entity sent to rescue the trapped light in the material world—reaching out to the soul with an invitation toward redemption.Sundermann, W. (2001). “Xrōštag and Padvāxtag: The Twin Deities of Revelation.” In ''Acta Iranica'', Vol. 40. Leuven: Peeters. This divine act reflects a core dualistic principle in Manichaean doctrine: the divine Light actively seeks to awaken the imprisoned soul in Darkness through spiritual messaging. Xrōštag in this nature is a hypos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asut Malkia
The ''Asut Malkia'' ("Salutation of Kings") is one of the most commonly recited prayers in Mandaeism. In the prayer, the reciter wishes health and victory (''asuta u-zakuta'' ) upon dozens of heavenly and ancestral figures. According to E. S. Drower, it is recited daily by priests and also before all baptisms (''masbuta''), ritual meals ('' lofani''), and various rites. The ''Asut Malkia'' is numbered as Prayer 105 in E. S. Drower's version of the Qulasta, which was based on manuscript 53 of the Drower Collection (abbreviated DC 53). Etymology ''Asut'' or ''asuta'' can be literally translated as 'healing' and can also mean 'salutation' or 'greeting', while ''malkia'' means 'kings' (singular form: ''malka''). Similarly, Mandaeans typically greet other individual Mandaeans with the phrase: :''Asuta nihuilak'' () Multiple people are greeted using the plural form: :''Asuta nihuilkun'' () Prayer The formula ''asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun'' ( "health and victory are yours") is recited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brakha
Daily prayer in Mandaeism, called brakha in Mandaic (cognate with Hebrew ''berakhah'' and Arabic ''barakah'') or occasionally ''birukta'' (''birukhta''), consists of set prayers that are recited three times per day. Mandaeans stand facing north while reciting daily prayers. Unlike in Islam and Eastern Christianity, prostration is not practiced. Mandaean priests recite rahma prayersLidzbarski, Mark. 1920. ''Mandäische Liturgien''. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, phil.-hist. Klasse, NF 17.1. Berlin. three times every day, while laypeople also recite the '' Rushuma'' (signing prayer) and '' Asut Malkia'' ("Healing of Kings") daily. When priests lead laypeople during prayers, laypeople repeat each word or phrase of a prayer after the priest, similar to certain parts of Roman Catholic masses. In Mandaic, the generic term for an individual prayer is ''buta'' (plural form: ''bawata'' ). Prayer times The three prayer times in Mandaeism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nidbai
In Mandaeism, Nidbai () is an uthra (angel or guardian) who serves as one of the two guardian spirits () of Piriawis, the heavenly ''yardna'' (river) in the World of Light. In the ''Ginza Rabba'' and ''Qulasta'', he is usually mentioned together with Shilmai. See also *List of angels in theology * Adathan and Yadathan * Xroshtag and Padvaxtag in Manichaeism Manichaeism (; in ; ) is an endangered former major world religion currently only practiced in China around Cao'an,R. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''. SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 found ... References Individual angels Uthras Water spirits {{Mandaeism-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yardna
In Mandaeism, a yardna () or yardena ([]; ) is a body of flowing fresh water (or in ; pronounced ''meyya heyyi'') that is suitable for ritual use as baptismal water. The masbuta and other Mandaean rituals such as the tamasha (ablution), tamasha can only be performed in a yardna. Water stagnation, Stagnant fresh water, brackish water, and seawater are not considered to be yardnas. Examples of yardnas Although etymologically related to the Canaanite languages, Canaanite word ''yarden'' (Hebrew language, Hebrew: ), or the Jordan River, a yardna in Mandaeism can refer to any flowing river. Traditionally, these were typically the Euphrates (Mandaic: ''Praš''), Tigris (Mandaic: ''Diglat''), and Karun (Mandaic: ''ʿUlat'') rivers. The Euphrates is called (; pronounced ) in the ''Ginza Rabba''. In Mandaean scriptures, the Euphrates is considered to be the earthly manifestation of the heavenly yardna or flowing river (similar to the Yazidi concept of Lalish being the earthly manifestat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zihrun Raza Kasia
The ''Šarḥ ḏ-Zihrun Raza Kasia'' (; "The Scroll of Zihrun, the Hidden Mystery") is a Mandaean religious text that describes rituals such as the masbuta, masiqta, and other related topics. It is an illustrated scroll. Zihrun (referred to as Zihrun Raza Kasia or "Zihrun the Hidden Mystery" in full) is the name of an uthra. The phrase ''Zihrun Raza Kasia'' is also mentioned in the Mandaean prayer '' Asut Malkia''. Manuscripts and translations An illustrated scroll was purchased by E. S. Drower from Shaikh Yahia at Qal'at Saleh, southern Iraq in May 1937. Today, it is held as manuscript 27 in the Drower Collection of the Bodleian Library at Oxford University, and is commonly abbreviated DC 27. Bogdan Burtea translated the DC 27 manuscript into German in 2008, and also provided a detailed commentary as part of the published translation. The scroll consists of pieces of paper that have been glued together and is approximately 691 cm long, of which 660 cm contain writing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
