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3i Group plc is a British multinational private equity and venture capital company based in London, England. 3i is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. History The company was formed in 1945, as the Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation (ICFC), by the Bank of England and the major British banks to provide long-term investment funding for small and medium-sized enterprises. Its foundation was inspired by the Macmillan Committee, and resulted from the recognition in the 1930s, given new impetus in the postwar era, that smaller businesses faced a gap in available corporate finance due to banks being unwilling to provide long-term capital and the companies being too small to raise capital from the public markets. During the 1950s and 1960s, and particularly after 1959 when the shareholder banks allowed it to raise external funds, ICFC expanded significantly. In 1973 ICFC acquired Finance Corporation for Industry, a sister compa ...
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Agent Provocateur (lingerie)
Agent Provocateur is a British lingerie retailer founded in 1994 by Joseph Corré and Serena Rees. The company has stores in 13 countries. History 1994–2007 In 1994, Agent Provocateur was founded by Joseph Corré, the son of Vivienne Westwood, and his then-wife Serena Rees. The first store opened in Soho on Broadwick Street. The company sold colourful and fashionable lingerie Joseph Corré was the designer for the brand. 2007–2017 In 2007, after the divorce of Corré and Rees, 3i, a private equity firm that invests in mid-size companies, purchased 80% of the company for £60 million. Between November 2007 and March 2009 the company opened 13 shops expanding to the US, Russia, Dubai and Hong Kong By March 2008, Agent Provocateur's profits dropped 18% to £2.2 million due to the cost of expansion. Garry Hogarth stepped down as CEO in February 2016. In March 2017, the business entered administration. As part of a "pre-pack" deal, it was purchased by Four Holdings, ...
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Audley Travel
Audley Travel is a tour operator based in the UK in Witney, Oxfordshire, with offices in London and Boston. The company covers over 90 destinations worldwide, providing tailor-made travel. According to the ''Financial Times'', Audley is the largest operator in this market. History Audley Travel was founded in a Northampton post office in 1996 by Craig Burkinshaw and John Brewer, both graduates of the London School of Economics. The pair originally offered tours of Vietnam, advertising in ''The Sunday Times''. In 2006, the company moved to its current headquarters at New Mill in Witney, Oxfordshire, and tourism executive Ian Simkins joined the company as CEO in 2011. In 2014, the company opened an office in London and a US office in Boston, Massachusetts after it discovered 20% of its web traffic was coming from the United States. Audley arranges holidays in more than 90 destinations, covering all seven continents. Top-selling destinations include the USA, Canada, Japan, South ...
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Scandlines
Scandlines is a ferry company that operates the Rødby– Puttgarden and Gedser– Rostock ferry routes between Denmark and Germany. Scandlines owns 7 ferries, 6 of which are hybrid ferries, making Scandlines the owner of the world's largest fleet of hybrid ferries. In a normal year, Scandlines has over 41,500 departures, 7 million passengers, 1.7 million passenger cars and approx. 700,000 freight units on its two routes. Scandlines has two subsidiaries, Scandlines Danmark ApS and Scandlines Deutschland GmbH, which operate in the two main countries. History Scandlines has a long history. In 1903, the first railway ferry sailed between Gedser in Denmark and Warnemünde in Germany, where De Danske Statsbaner, DSB, operated the route from the Danish side in partnership with a state-owned German shipping company. A second service, the 'bird's flight line' (die Vogelfluglinie in German) between Rødby and Puttgarden was added in 1963, creating a direct route between Copen ...
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Regional Rail, LLC
Regional Rail, LLC is a company operating short-line railroads in Delaware, Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania. It operates 6 railroads: East Penn Railroad, Florida Central Railroad, Florida Midland Railroad, Florida Northern Railroad, Middletown and New Jersey Railroad, and Tyburn Railroad, as well as the Conshohocken Recycling & Rail Transfer. It is based in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. Operations Regional Rail, LLC owns three railroads in the Mid-Atlantic states of the United States. The East Penn Railroad operates on of trackage in Delaware and eastern Pennsylvania. The Middletown and New Jersey Railroad operates of railroad lines near Middletown in New York. The Tyburn Railroad serves a transload facility in Morrisville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Regional Rail, LLC also owns the Conshohocken Recycling & Rail Transfer in Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, a waste transfer station that ships waste to landfills by rail. The company additionally owns three railroads in Flor ...
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Action (store)
Action is an, originally Dutch, international discount store-chain. Owned by different owners like 3i and eurofund V. It sells low budget, non-food and some food products with long shelf lives. Action operates stores in ten countries — Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Austria, Luxembourg, Poland, Czech Republic, Italy and since 2022 in Spain. As of 2012, Action is operating more than 2,000 stores and employing more than 65,000 employees. In 2013, Action had a revenue of just over a billion euro The euro ( symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . ...s, which was a 14% rise compared to 2012 when they had a revenue of 873 million euros. History Action was founded by Gerard Deen and Rob Wagemaker, who were later joined by Boris Deen. They opened their first store in 1993 in Enk ...
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George Best Belfast City Airport
George Best Belfast City Airport is a single-runway airport in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Situated in County Down, it is adjacent to the Port of Belfast and is from Belfast City Centre. It shares the site with the Spirit AeroSystems (formerly Short Brothers/ Bombardier) aircraft manufacturing facility. The airport began commercial operations in 1983, and was known as "Belfast City Airport" until it was renamed in 2006 in memory of George Best, the professional footballer from Belfast. The airport has a CAA public use aerodrome licence (number P862) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction. As of October 2022, 7 airlines operate 22 routes across the UK and Europe from Belfast City Airport. In 2021, the airport handled over 800,000 passengers, having peaked at 2.7 million in 2010. The airport serves as a regional base for Aer Lingus, British Airways and Flybe, who are the largest operators there. Ground handling is provided by S ...
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TCR International
TCR International is a ground support equipment (GSE) supplier company, headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. The company provides ground support equipment to ground handlers, airlines, airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surfa ...s and cargo handlers. Currently the company operates at approximately 150 airports worldwide. TCR International started rental and maintenance activities in 1996. At present, the company provides a range of GSE services supporting handlers in their ground handling processes. The customer bases includes airlines, handling companies, airport, integrators and cargo handlers. The company is headquartered in Brussels. It has local offices in UK, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Norway, Ireland, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, the USA, Malaysia Au ...
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Management Buyout
A management buyout (MBO) is a form of acquisition in which a company's existing managers acquire a large part, or all, of the company, whether from a parent company or individual. Management-, and/or leveraged buyout became noted phenomena of 1980s business economics. These so-called MBOs originated in the US, spreading first to the UK and then throughout the rest of Europe. The venture capital industry has played a crucial role in the development of buyouts in Europe, especially in smaller deals in the UK, the Netherlands, and France. Overview Management buyouts are similar in all major legal aspects to any other acquisition of a company. The particular nature of the MBO lies in the position of the buyers as managers of the company and the practical consequences that follow from that. In particular, the due diligence process is likely to be limited as the buyers already have full knowledge of the company available to them. The seller is also unlikely to give any but the m ...
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Infinis
Infinis Energy is a British renewable energy group headquartered in Northampton. Infinis produces electricity from captured landfill and mineral methane. Infinis claims to have a net negative carbon emissions footprint. History The company was originally created in 2006 as a subsidiary of Waste Recycling Group whose area of operations was the generation of energy from gas originating from the landfill sites in the WRG portfolio. The parent company, Terra Firma Capital Partners, then sold WRG in July 2006 while retaining Infinis. Novera Energy was acquired in 2009, bringing additional landfill gas sites, along with hydroelectric sites and wind development sites. Infinis went on to buy one operational and two consented wind farms from E.ON in 2011 and four wind farms from SSE in 2010 and 2011. After seven years of ownership by Terra Firma Capital Partners, the company was the subject of an IPO (initial public offering) in November 2013. Ian Marchant Ian Marchant may refer to: * ...
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FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "Footsie" , is a share index of the 100  companies listed on the London Stock Exchange with (in principle) the highest market capitalisation. The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group. Overview The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, now a wholly owned subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange, which originated as a joint venture between the ''Financial Times'' and the London Stock Exchange. It is calculated in real time and published every second when the market is open. The FTSE 100 Index was launched on 3 January 1984. The market capitalisation weighted FTSE 100 index replaced the price-weighted FT30 Index as the performance benchmark for most investors. The FTSE 100 broadly consists of the largest 100 qualifying UK companies by full market value. The total market value of a company is calculated by multi ...
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Smarte Carte
Smarte Carte Inc. ( stylized as ''smarte''carte) is a global company providing products and services to the travel and leisure industry. Smarte Carte specializes in luggage carts and trolleys, wheelchairs, electronic lockers, commercial strollers, and massage chairs, as well as airport services such as baggage storage, baggage wrap, lost property, Mail N’ Fly, porter services, and more. Operating in more than 2,500 locations around the world, its products and services are primarily found in airports, shopping centers, theme and water parks, ski resorts, and fitness centers. The company is owned by 3I, an investment firm based in London, the United Kingdom that focuses on mid-market private equity and infrastructure. Origin & History In 1967, Jim Muellner was commissioned to design and build one of the first self-serve luggage cart vending machines. In 1970, Smarte Carte Inc was established and started its first operations in Salt Lake City, Minneapolis, and Los Angeles. Th ...
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