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2015–present Polish Constitutional Crisis
The Polish constitutional crisis, also known as the Polish rule-of-law crisis, is a political conflict ongoing since 2015 in which the Polish government has been accused of failing to adhere to European and Polish constitutional law. The 2015 elections resulted in the Law and Justice party (, PiS) winning control of both the presidency and the parliament. With this government trifecta as a result of its participation in the United Right, PiS used its power to appoint judges to the Constitutional Tribunal in 2015, leading to the 2015 Polish Constitutional Court crisis. The government of Poland continued to expand its hold on the judiciary resulting in the 2017 Supreme Court crisis, and the 2019 Polish judicial disciplinary panel law. These events have allowed the legislature and executive of the Polish government to have ''de facto'' control over judges and their appointments. These moves have been condemned by the European Union which initiated an Article 7 process agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Government
The Government of Poland takes the form of a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. However, its form of government has also been identified as semi-presidential. Executive power is exercised, within the framework of a multi-party system, by the President and the Government, which consists of the Council of Ministers led by the Prime Minister. Its members are typically chosen from the majority party or coalition, in the lower house of parliament (the ''Sejm''), although exceptions to this rule are not uncommon. The government is formally announced by the President, and must pass a motion of confidence in the ''Sejm'' within two weeks. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of parliament, ''Sejm'' and Senate. Members of Sejm are elected by proportional representation, with the proviso that non-ethnic-minority parties must gain at least 5% of the national vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission V Poland
Commission or commissioning may refer to: Business and contracting * Commission (remuneration), a form of payment to an agent for services rendered ** Commission (art), the purchase or the creation of a piece of art most often on behalf of another * A contract for performance or creation of a specific work * Commissioning, a process or service provided to validate the completeness and accuracy of a project or venture: ** Building commissioning, a quality assurance process during and following building construction ** Project commissioning, a process of assuring that all components of a facility are designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained according to the requirements of the owner or client Government Civil * A government agency, regulatory agency or statutory authority which operates under the authority of a board of commissioners, including: ** Independent agencies of the United States government *An executive branch of government, often with characteristics of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marek Kotlinowski
Marek Bolesław Kotlinowski (, born 13 May 1956 in Gorlice) is a Polish politician and lawyer, Vice-Marshal of the Sejm. He was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005, getting 9,421 votes in 13 Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ... district as a candidate from the League of Polish Families list. Since 6 November 2006 he is a judge of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal. He was also a member of Sejm 2001-2005. See also * Members of Polish Sejm 2005-2007 External links Marek Kotlinowski - parliamentary page- includes declarations of interest, voting record, and transcripts of speeches. 1956 births Constitutional court judges Living people People from Gorlice League of Polish Families politicians Deputy Marshals of the Sejm of the Third Polish Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Constitution
The current Constitution of Poland was founded on 2 April 1997. Formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Poland ( pl, Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej), it replaced the Small Constitution of 1992, the last amended version of the Constitution of the Polish People's Republic, known from December 1989 as the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. It was adopted by the National Assembly of Poland on 2 April 1997, approved by a national referendum on 25 May 1997, promulgated by the President of the Republic on 16 July 1997, and came into effect on 17 October 1997. Poland has had numerous previous constitutional acts. Historically, the most significant is the Constitution of 3 May 1791. Current constitution (1997) New character of the nation The five years after 1992 were spent in dialogue about the new character of Poland. The nation had changed significantly since 1952 when the Constitution of the Polish People's Republic was instituted. A new consensus wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August 2020 LGBT Protests In Poland
On 7 August 2020, a protest against the arrest of LGBT activist Margot led to a confrontation with police in central Warsaw and resulted in the arrest of 47 others, some of whom were protesting and others who were bystanders to the event, dubbed "Polish Stonewall" in an analogy to the 1969 Stonewall riots. Declarations of LGBT-free zones in 2019 and 2020 and the 2020 Polish presidential electionwhich saw President Andrzej Duda repeatedly stress his opposition to LGBT rightshave led to protest from LGBT rights activists, who adopted direct action tactics. On 7 August, a court granted a request for Margot's pre-trial detention for two months. She presented herself for arrest while hundreds of sympathizers protested the arrest. The police initially declined to arrest her, but later tried to do so and were physically, but non-violently blocked by activists. The police then arrested 48 people: Margot, protestors, and others who had not taken part in the demonstration. The action o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
December 2016 Polish Protests
The Polish Sejm crisis, 16 December 2016—12 January 2017, was a period of political stalemate in Poland's national legislature, resulting from an attempt to limit freedom of the press at the Sejm buildings in Warsaw, Poland. The attempt to restrict press access to Sejm members and deliberations led to protests by opposition-party Sejm members, and by citizens of Poland's major cities, including Warsaw.The Polish Protests of December 2016 Contextualized as a Participatory Budgeting Problem Chohan, Usman W. (2016). Academic Discussion Paper. Social Science Research Network (SSRN). Accessed 20 December. Background On 16 December 2016 during the session of Polish parliament, the |
2020–21 Women's Strike Protests In Poland
The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline. The most common versions are the endash , generally longer than the hyphen but shorter than the minus sign; the emdash , longer than either the en dash or the minus sign; and the horizontalbar , whose length varies across typefaces but tends to be between those of the en and em dashes. History In the early 1600s, in Okes-printed plays of William Shakespeare, dashes are attested that indicate a thinking pause, interruption, mid-speech realization, or change of subject. The dashes are variously longer (as in King Lear reprinted 1619) or composed of hyphens (as in Othello printed 1622); moreover, the dashes are often, but not always, prefixed by a comma, colon, or semicolon. In 1733, in Jonathan Swift's ''On Poetry'', the terms ''break'' and ''dash'' are attested for and marks: Blot out, correct, insert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abortion In Poland
Abortion in Poland is legal only in cases when the pregnancy is a result of a criminal act or when the Maternal health, woman's life or health is in danger. The last change in the Act on Pregnancy Planning of the Republic of Poland took place on 27 January 2021, when publication of the judgment of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal in the ''Dziennik Ustaw RP'' took place. Poland is one of the only few countries in the world where abortion became largely outlawed since the 1990s after decades of permissive liberalized legislation during the communist–era Polish People's Republic. In 2010, about 10 to 15% of abortions on Polish pregnant women had to be carried out outside Poland due to the strict restraints within their own country. Poland's abortion law is also one of the most restrictive in the European Union (EU) and Europe in general, along with a group of other traditionally Roman Catholic countries of the region (e.g. Abortion in Malta, Malta, Abortion in Liechtenstein, Liec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected in municipal and international law. They are commonly understood as inalienable,The United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner of Human RightsWhat are human rights? Retrieved 14 August 2014 fundamental rights "to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being" and which are "inherent in all human beings",Burns H. Weston, 20 March 2014, Encyclopædia Britannicahuman rights Retrieved 14 August 2014. regardless of their age, ethnic origin, location, language, religion, ethnicity, or any other status. They are applicable everywhere and at every time in the sense of being universal, and they are egalitarian in the sense of being the same for everyone. They are reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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