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1934 Icelandic Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 24 June 1934.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p961 They were the first held after reforms to the electoral system that increased the number of seats in the Lower House from 28 to 33 and ensured that all members of the Althing were elected at the same election. The Independence Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House, winning 14 of the 33 seats. Electoral reform In the previous election, the 28 members of the Lower House Althing had been elected in one- or two-member constituencies by plurality voting, except in Reykjavík, where the four seats were elected by proportional representation. Eight members of the Upper House were elected at the same time as the Lower House, whilst the remaining six members were elected in separate national elections using proportional representation. The reforms raised the number of seats in the Lower House to 33, of which 11 were to be compen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1933 Icelandic Parliamentary Election ...
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 16 July 1933. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p961 Voters elected all 28 seats in the Lower House of the Althing and eight of the fourteen seats in Upper House.Nohlen & Stöver, p954 The Independence Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House, winning 13 of the 28 seats. Results Notes References {{Icelandic elections Elections in Iceland Iceland Parliament Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independence Party (Iceland)
The Independence Party ( is, Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn) is a liberal-conservative political party in Iceland. It is currently the largest party in the Alþingi, with 17 seats. The chairman of the party is Bjarni Benediktsson and the vice chairman of the party is Þórdís Kolbrún R. Gylfadóttir. It was formed in 1929 through a merger of the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party. This united the two parties advocating the dissolution of the Union of Denmark and Iceland; dissolution was achieved in 1944, during the German occupation of Denmark. Since its formation in 1929, the party has won the largest share of the vote in every election except the 2009 election, when it fell behind the Social Democratic Alliance. Every Independence Party leader has also at some point held the office of Prime Minister. Since 2013, there have been three different coalition governments in Iceland, all of which have included the Independence Party. On fiscal issues, the Independence Party i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1934 Elections In Europe
Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people. * January 26 – A 10-year German–Polish declaration of non-aggression is signed by Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic. * January 30 ** In Nazi Germany, the political power of federal states such as Prussia is substantially abolished, by the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (''Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches''). ** Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, signs the Gold Reserve Act: all gold held in the Federal Reserve is to be surrendered to the United States Department of the Treasury; immediately following, the President raises the statutory gold price from US$20.67 per ounce to $35. * February 6 – French po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In Iceland
Iceland elects on a national level a ceremonial head of state—the president—and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people. The parliament (''Alþingi'') has 63 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation using the D'Hondt method with a closed list. Iceland has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party typically has a chance of gaining power alone which typically results in a hung parliament, so parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. The most recent election was held on 25 September 2021. Voting Eligibility According to Registers Iceland, All Icelandic nationals who have lived abroad for less than eight years are automatically registered to vote as long as they are 18 and have lived in Iceland at some point. Icelandic citizens who lived abroad for more than eight years must register to vote, as long as they are a citizen, at least eighteen years old, and have had legal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Party (Iceland)
The Nationalist Party ( is, Flokkur Þjóðernissinna) was a minor Icelandic political party that espoused a limited form of fascism before and during the Second World War. History The party was formed in March 1934 through a merger between the Icelandic Nationalist Movement (an anti-communist and anti- democratic ginger group) and the Icelandic Nationalist Party (a politicized splinter group of the former formed in 1933). The Nationalist Movement was loosely linked to the Independence Party and when the Nationalist Party was established many of its more conservative-minded adherents refused to join the new party.Valur Ingimundarson, "Iceland" in Cyprian Blamires, Paul Jackson (eds.), ''World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'', ABC-CLIO, 2006, p. 329 This initial departure of the more moderate tendency ensured that the Nationalist Party proved more radical and extremist than either of its predecessor groups. The party aimed to protect the ethnic identity of the Iceland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Iceland
The Communist Party of Iceland ( is, Kommúnistaflokkur Íslands) was a political party in Iceland from 1930 to 1938. History In the early 1920s a group of young militants of the Social Democratic Party (Iceland), Social Democratic Party (''Alþýðuflokkur'') came into contact with the international communist movement. Their ideology, and that of their party leader, was quickly growing apart. The communists formed a radical section within the party which they called the "Association of Young Communists" (''Félag ungra kommúnista'') in November 1922. The group evolved into the "Sparta Social Democratic Association" (''Jafnaðarmannafélagið Sparta'') in 1926, but they eventually left the social democrats to form their own party as suggested by Comintern in 1928. The Communist Party of Iceland (KFI) was formed in November 1930 and became a member of Comintern. KFI published ''Verkalýðsblaðið''. In 1938 another splinter group, which had left the social democrats the year b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farmers' Party (Iceland, 1933)
The Farmers' Party ( is, Bændaflokkur) was a political party in Iceland between 1933 and 1942. History The party was formed in 1922 as a split from the Progressive Party, which had been formed by a merger of the original Farmers' Party and the Independent Farmers. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p965 Its founders sought to establish a party that represented the interests of farmers, rather than appealing to the broader electorate.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p520 In the 1934 elections it won two seats in the Lower House and one seat in the Upper House of the Althing The Alþingi (''general meeting'' in Icelandic, , anglicised as ' or ') is the supreme national parliament of Iceland. It is one of the oldest surviving parliaments in the world. The Althing was founded in 930 at (" thing fields" or "assemb .... It retained its two Lower House seats in the 1937 elections, but lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democratic Party (Iceland)
The Social Democratic Party ( is, Alþýðuflokkurinn), officially the People's Party, was a social-democratic political party in Iceland. It was founded in 1916, as the political representation of the trade unions of Iceland. History In 1920 its first member of the Althing, the Icelandic parliament, Jón Baldvinsson was elected. The party would contest elections to the Althing with little success until 1934, when the party obtained 10 parliamentary seats. Iceland shifted towards a proportional representation system later that year which political scientist Amel Ahmed attributes to the rising electoral threat that the Social Democratic Party posed to the Independence Party and Progressive Party. Between 1926 and 1940, the party was a member of the Labour and Socialist International.Kowalski, Werner (1985)''Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923–1919'' Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften (in German). The party led the government of Iceland three t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressive Party (Iceland)
The Progressive Party ( is, Framsóknarflokkurinn, FSF) is an agrarian political party in Iceland. For most of its history, the Progressive Party has governed with the Independence Party. Since 30 November 2017, the party has been a coalition partner in the Katrín Jakobsdóttir government. The current chairman of the party is Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson who was elected on 2 October 2016. His predecessor was Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson, who was elected on 18 January 2009 and was Prime Minister of Iceland from 23 May 2013 to 5 April 2016. History The Progressive Party was founded to represent Iceland's farmer class, which went from being dominant from settlement to the late 19th century to rapidly dwindling in the early 20th century as a result of industrialization and urbanization. Its primary support still comes from the rural areas of Iceland and its policy roots still stem from its origin as an agrarian party, although it has since come to self-identify as a liberal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poor Relief
In English and British history, poor relief refers to government and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty. Over the centuries, various authorities have needed to decide whose poverty deserves relief and also who should bear the cost of helping the poor. Alongside ever-changing attitudes towards poverty, many methods have been attempted to answer these questions. Since the early 16th century legislation on poverty enacted by the English Parliament, poor relief has developed from being little more than a systematic means of punishment into a complex system of government-funded support and protection, especially following the creation in the 1940s of the welfare state. Tudor era In the late 15th century, parliament took action on the growing problem of poverty, focusing on punishing people for being "vagabonds" and for begging. In 1495, during the reign of King Henry VII, Parliament enacted the Vagabond Act. This provided for officers of the law to arrest and hold "all such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reykjavík (Althing Constituency)
Reykjavík was one of the multi-member constituencies of the Althing, the national legislature of Iceland. The constituency was established in 1844 when the Althing was converted into a consultative assembly. It was abolished in 2003 when the constituency was split into two constituencies following the re-organisation of constituencies across Iceland. Reykjavík was conterminous with the municipality of Reykjavík. Election results Summary (Excludes compensatory seats.) Detailed 1990s =1999= Results of the 1999 parliamentary election held on 8 May 1999: The following candidates were elected: * Constituency seats - Ásta Ragnheiður Jóhannesdóttir (S), 19,092 votes; Björn Bjarnason (D), 29,997 votes; Bryndís Hlöðversdóttir (S), 19,095 votes; Davíð Oddsson (D), 30,023 votes; Finnur Ingólfsson (B), 6,542 votes; Geir Haarde (D), 30,124 votes; Guðmundur Hallvarðsson (D), 30,093 votes; Guðrún Ögmundsdóttir (S), 19,057 votes; Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir (S), 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections m ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Elect ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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