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1923 Estonian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia between 5 and 7 May 1923. There were some controversies - some lists, most remarkably Communist, were declared void before the elections because of electoral law violations, and the results gave Estonia its most fragmented parliament ever. Results See also * II Riigikogu References External linksII Riigikogu valimised: 5.-7. mail 1923Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo Parliamentary elections in Estonia Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ... 1923 in Estonia {{Estonia-election-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (; from Estonian ''riigi-'', of the state, and ''kogu'', assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the President. The ''Riigikogu'' also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations, bring about changes in the law, etc.; approves the budget presented by the government as law and monitors the executive power. History History April 23, 1919, the opening session of the Estonian Constituent Assembly is considered the founding date of the Parliament of Estonia. Established under the 1920 constitution, the Riigikogu had 100 members elected for a three year term on the basis of proportional representation. Elections were fixed for the first Sunda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party (Estonia)
The National Liberal Party ( et, Rahvuslik Vabameelne Partei, RVP) was a political party in Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a .... History The party was established by Johan Pitka in 1922 and ran in the 1923 parliamentary elections, winning four seats with 4.5% of the vote. The 1926 elections saw its vote share fall to just 0.9%, and the party lost all four seats. It did not contest elections again. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p577 References {{Authority control Defunct political parties in Estonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Elections In Estonia
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which it is accountable. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. This is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, where the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature. Countries with parliamentary systems may be constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament, or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head of government is regularly from the legislature. In a few parliamentary republics, amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
II Riigikogu
II Riigikogu was the second legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1923 elections (held on 5–7 May 1923). It sat between 31 May 1923 and 14 June 1926, before the next round of elections were held. Parties and seats Officers The following is a list of the Riigikogu's officers during the second legislative session:Estonian_language.html" ;"title="n Estonian language">Estonian Retrieved 24 January 2018. Chairmen * Jaan Tõnisson, 7 June 1923 – 27 May 1925 * August Rei, from 9 June 1925 First Assistant Chairmen * Karl Johannes Virma, 7 June 1923 – 27 November 1924 * Jaan Soots, 27 November 1924 – 16 December 1924 * August Jürima, from 16 December 1924 Second Assistant Chairmen * Aleksander Leopold Raudkepp, 7 June 1923 – 27 November 1924 * Karl Johannes Virma, 27 November 1924 – 16 December 1924 * Mihkel Martna, 16 December 1924 – 10 December 1925 * Tõnis Kalbus, 10 June 1925– 15 December 1925 * Joha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections m ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Elect ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economic Group (Estonia)
The Economic Group ( et, Majandusline Rühm) was a political party in Estonia. History The party first contested national elections in 1920, Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p577 winning a single seat in the parliamentary elections with 1.1% of the vote.Nohlen & Stöver, p582Nohlen & Stöver, p586 In the 1923 elections the party's vote share fell to 0.5% and it lost its only seat in the Riigikogu The Riigikogu (; from Estonian ''riigi-'', of the state, and ''kogu'', assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Just .... It did not contest any further elections. References {{Estonian political parties Defunct political parties in Estonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish People's League In The Baltic Sea Provinces
Swedish People's League in the Baltic Sea Provinces ( sv, Svenska Folkförbundet i Östersjöprovinserna; et, Rootsi Rahvaliit) was a political party in Estonia, representing interests of the Swedish minority population. History The party was founded in 1917, and began publishing ''Kustbon'' the following year. In March 1919, the party held its congress. Due to the small size of the Swedish minority, the party was unable to have any impact running alone. In the 1929 elections it formed an alliance with the German-Baltic Party, which resulted in a 20% increase in their combined vote share.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p387 At the time the party was led by Hans Pöhl, a former members of the Christian People's Party. After Pöhl died in 1930, Mathias Westerblom took over as party leader. The party had its offices at Riddaregatan (Rüütli) 9, Tallinn, attached to Swedish Saint Michael Parish and the Swedish-language school. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demobilised Soldiers' Union
The Demobilised Soldiers' Union ( et, Demobiliseeritud Sõjaväelaste Liit) was a political party in Estonia between 1921 and 1925. History The party was established in 1923.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p394 In the elections that year it won a single seat in the Riigikogu (taken by Heinrich Laretei) with 1.2% of the vote. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p582 Nohlen & Stöver, p586 The party was dissolved in 1925 after the Estonian Defence League The Estonian Defence League ( et, Eesti Kaitseliit) is the name of the unified paramilitary armed forces of the Republic of Estonia. The Defence League is a paramilitary defence organization whose aim is to guarantee the preservation of the indep ... was re-established. References {{Estonian political parties Defunct political parties in Estonia Political parties established in 1923 Political parties disestablished in 1925 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenants' Union
The Tenants' Union ( et, Üürnikkude Liit) was a political party in Estonia. History The party first ran in national elections in 1923, Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p577 when it won a single seat in the parliamentary elections with 1.3% of the vote.Nohlen & Stöver, p586 Despite maintaining their vote share in the 1926 elections, the party lost its only seat in the Riigikogu due to the electoral threshold The electoral threshold, or election threshold, is the minimum share of the primary vote that a candidate or political party requires to achieve before they become entitled to representation or additional seats in a legislature. This limit can ... being raised to require parties to win a minimum of two seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p568 The party did not contest any further elections. References {{Estonian political parties Defunct political parties in Estonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landlords' Party
The Landlords' Party ( et, Üleriiklik Majaomanike Seltside Liit, lit. ''National Landlords' Societies Union''), also known as the House Owners' Party, was a political party in Estonia. History The party was formed prior to the parliamentary elections.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p384 In the elections it won two seats in the Riigikogu with 2.2% of the vote. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p586 The 1926 elections saw the party increase its vote share to 2.4% and retain both seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p583 Closely aligned with the Farmers' Assemblies party, the Landlords Party joined Jaan Teemant's cabinet in July 1926 and remained in government until December 1927. In the 1929 elections the party won three seats with 2.9% of the vote, and in February 1931 they joined Konstantin Päts government. In February 1932 the party merged into the National Centre Party, which had recently been fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German-Baltic Party
The German-Baltic Party ( et, Saksa-Balti erakond; german: Deutsch-baltische Partei in Estland, DbPE) was a political party in Estonia representing the German minority. History The party was established on 27 November 1918 under the name German Party in Estonia (german: Deutsche Partei in Estland, et, Saksa Erakond Eestimaal) in preparation for the Constituent Assembly elections the following April. Following the Estonian War of Independence, the party was renamed the German-Baltic Party. The party won three seats in the elections in April 1919. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p581 In the parliamentary elections in 1920 it won four seats, but was reduced to three seats in the 1923 elections and two seats in the 1926 elections The following elections occurred in the year 1926. Africa * 1926 Egyptian parliamentary election * 1926 Lagos by-election * 1926 Northern Rhodesian general election * 1926 South West African legis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Settlers' Party
The Settlers' Party ( et, Asunikkude partei) was a political party in Estonia. History The party was established in 1923 as the Settlers' Group (''Asunikkude koondis''), a breakaway from Farmers' Assemblies.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p381 The 1923 elections saw it won four seats in the Riigikogu.Nohlen & Stöver, p577Nohlen & Stöver, p586 In December 1925 it became the Settlers, State Tenants and Smallholders Group (''Asunikkude, Riigirentnikkude ja Väikepõllupidajate Koondis''), and in the 1926 elections it won 14 seats, becoming the third largest party in the Riigikogu. It retained its 14-seat strength in the 1929 elections. The party was renamed again in 1931, becoming the Farmers' Settlers and Smallholders' Group (''Põllumeeste, Asunikkude ja Väikemaapidajate Koondis''). Prior to the 1932 elections the party merged with the Farmers' Assemblies to form the Union of Settlers and Smallholders, with the new party winning 42 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
